ObjectiveTo analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and prevention and control measures of the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai in 2022， aiming to optimize future prevention and control strategies. MethodsDescriptive statistical method was used to analyze data on daily infections released by the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission from March 1 to June 30， 2022. ResultsAs of 30 June， a total of 627 110 infections and 588 deaths had been reported in Shanghai. Most of the cases were in Pudong New Area （35.47%）， Minhang District （10.18%） and Huangpu District （9.27%）. The cumulative infection rate was 8.78% in Huangpu District， which was the highest among all the districts. With the progress of the pandemic， the prevention and control measures were strengthened from a “precise prevention and control” strategy to “block and grid” screening， and then upgraded to city-wide lockdown. All daily new infections were identified from the quarantined population on April 29， 2022， reaching the goal of “clearance of community transmission”. ConclusionThe cumulative infections in Shanghai exceeded any previous epidemics in mainland China. Given the enhanced transmissibility and vaccine-induced immune escape of the Omicron variant， timely and strong public health measures are needed to suppress the pandemic under the general policy of "Dynamic zero-COVID".

Objective:To analyze the influence of work engagement and self-efficacy of nurses on clinical practice ability in burn intensive care unit (BICU), and to explore its potential pathways of action.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted. From May to October 2020, a total of 30 hospitals with BICU in China were selected by stratified sampling method. Among BICU nurses who met the inclusion criteria, their clinical practice ability, work engagement, and self-efficacy were evaluated by self-evaluation scale of oriented problem-solving behavior in nursing practice (OPSN), Utrecht work engagement scale (UWES), and general self-efficacy scale (GSES), respectively. The total scale scores of each index and the average item scores were recorded. The self-designed general data questionnaire was used to investigate the nurses' gender, age, marital status, education background, working years, professional title, and the economic region of the hospital that they belonged to. The total scale scores of the above-mentioned three evaluation indexes were compared after the classification of nurses according to general data, and the data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test or one-way analysis of variance. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the total scale scores of the three evaluation indexes. Based on the total scale scores of the above-mentioned three evaluation indexes, a structural equation model was established, the mediation analysis of the relationship among the three evaluation indexes and the pathway analysis of the structural model were conducted, and the Bootstrap method was used to verify the pathways of action. Results:A total of 401 questionnaires were distributed, and 337 valid questionnaires were returned, with a valid return rate of 84.04%. The total scale scores of clinical practice ability, work engagement, and self-efficacy of 337 nurses were 98.2±11.7, 67.7±18.6, and 26.6±5.6, respectively, and the average item scores were 3.9±0.5, 4.5±1.2, and 2.7±0.6, respectively. Among the 337 nurses, the majority were female, aged 40 or below, married, and had a bachelor's degree with work experience of ≤10 years; both nurses with professional nurse title and nurses from the Southeast region accounted for about 50%. There were statistically significant differences in the total scale score of clinical practice ability among nurses with different ages, education backgrounds, working years, and professional titles (with F values of 3.26, 4.36, 3.12, and 2.80, respectively, P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference in the total scale score of work engagement among nurses with different working years ( F=4.50, P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the total scale score of self-efficacy among nurses with different ages, working years, and professional titles (with F values of 4.91, 4.50, and 2.91, respectively, P<0.05). The total scale score of nurses' work engagement was significantly positively correlated with the total scale score of clinical practice ability and the total scale score of self-efficacy (with r values of 0.30 and 0.51, respectively, P<0.05). The total scale score of nurses' self-efficacy was significantly positively correlated with the total scale score of clinical practice ability ( r=0.37, P<0.05). The model had good adaptability, and the intermediary model was established. Nurses' work engagement had a significantly positive effect on both self-efficacy and clinical practice ability (with β values of 0.54 and 0.16, respectively, P<0.05), and nurses' self-efficacy had a significantly positive effect on clinical practice ability ( β=0.29, P<0.05). Work engagement had a direct effect on self-efficacy and clinical practice ability, and self-efficacy had a direct effect on clinical practice ability and played a mediating role between work engagement and clinical practice ability. Bootstrap validation showed that self-efficacy played a significantly mediating role in the influence of work engagement on clinical practice ability (with effect size of 0.16, with 95% confidence interval of 0.08-0.24, P<0.05), accounting for half of the total effect of work engagement on clinical practice ability (with effect size of 0.32). Conclusions:BICU nurses have an above-average level of clinical practice ability, a medium level of self-efficacy, and a high level of work engagement. Work engagement and self-efficacy are positively correlated with clinical practice ability. Work engagement can directly affect clinical practice ability or indirectly affect clinical practice ability through the mediating role of self-efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the detection ability of two kinds of high-throughput method to determine neutralizing antibodies based on a microneutralization test (MNT).Methods:Serum samples were collected from the early phase and follow-up period (117 samples in total) for neutralizing antibody testing. They were tested using MNT, pseudovirus neutralization assay (PBNA), competitive inhibition assay (including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA)) to evaluate the correlation coefficients and threshold values for the effectiveness of these high-throughput neutralizing antibody assays.Results:The correlation coefficients for PBNA, ELISA, and CLIA relative to MNT were 0.760, 0.778, and 0.725, respectively, for individuals infected with 2019-nCoV. The area under the ROC curve was 0.901 for a cutoff value of 50 for the PBNA assay, 0.934 for a cutoff value of 1∶8 for the ELISA assay and 0.838 for a cutoff value of 1.28AU/ml for the CLIA assay when the threshold value for the microneutralization test was taken as 1: 10 (less than 1: 10 is considered negative).Conclusions:The high-throughput method for the detection of COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies are scientific and feasible, and provide an important technical tool for the regular prevention and control of the epidemic.

Objective:To translate Organizational Silence Behavior Scale (OSBS) for healthcare professionals into Chinese and to test the reliability and validity.Methods:The OSBS for healthcare professionals was translated and back-translated according to the Brislin translation mode and then the Chinese version of OSBS for healthcare professionals was developed. The items on the scale were screened and optimized through expert consultation and pre-survey. Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 550 nurses from 3 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou were selected from April 2019 to October 2020 to conduct a survey to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. A total of 550 questionnaires were issued and 520 valid questionnaires were returned. The effective response rate was 94.5% (520/550) .Results:The content validity index of the Chinese version of the OSBS for healthcare professionals was 0.930, and the content validity index of the item level was from 0.860 to 1.000. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 common factors and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 63.61%. The confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the ratio of chi-square to degrees of freedom (χ 2/ df) was 1.087, the root mean square residual ( RMR) was 0.035, the root mean square error approximation ( RMSEA) was 0.021, adjust goodness-of-fit index ( AGFI) was 0.990, goodness-of-fit index ( GFI) was 0.887 and incremental fit index ( IFI) was 0.990. The Cronbach 's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.893, and the Cronbach 's α coefficient of each dimension was 0.839 to 0.944. The test-retest reliability coefficient of the total scale was 0.974, and the test-retest reliability coefficient of each dimension was 0.818 to 0.881. Conclusions:The Chinese version of OSBS for healthcare professionals has good reliability and validity, which can be used as a tool to evaluate the silent behavior of nursing staff in China.

Objective:To explore the effect of the Internet combined pre-rehabilitation intervention model in patients with chronic hepatitis B liver cirrhosis.Methods:From June 2019 to December 2020, convenience sampling was used to select 140 patients with chronic hepatitis liver cirrhosis in Henan Provincial People's Hospital. The patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group according to the order of entry, 70 cases in each group.The observation group carried out the Internet combined pre-rehabilitation model and the control group implemented conventional nursing intervention. We compared the disappearance time of clinical symptoms, mastery of rehabilitation knowledge and the quality of life of the two groups of patients.Results:The disappearance time of abdominal distension, ascites, anorexia, fatigue, and lower extremity edema of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) .After the intervention, the disease knowledge such as reasonable work and rest, reasonable diet, emotional control, exercise and medical treatment of observation group was better than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After the intervention, the quality of life scores of patients in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The Internet combined pre-rehabilitation intervention model can shorten the disappearance time of clinical symptoms in patients with chronic hepatitis B liver cirrhosis, improve the patient's knowledge of disease rehabilitation and the quality of life, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To explore the effects of nursing management based on plan-do-check-action (PDCA) on side effects and life quality after peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in acute leukemia patients with chemotherapy.Methods From January 2017 to January 2018, we selected 96 acute leukemia patients in Hematology Department of He'nan Provincial People's Hospital as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the patients were divided into observation group and control group with the random number table, 48 cases in each group. Control group carried out routine nursing care, while observation group received nursing management based on PDCA. And then, we recorded and compared the indwelling time of PICC, hospital stay, complications and the incidence of side effects of patients between two groups. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Quality of Life Index (QLI) were used to evaluated patients' anxiety, depression and life quality three days before intervention and one month after intervention. The self-designed questionnaire was used to assess the quality of special nursing in two groups.Results The indwelling time of PICC and hospital stay of observation group were shorter than those of control group with statistical differences (P<0.01). Before intervention, there was no statistical difference in the scores of SAS, SDS and QLI (P>0.05). After intervention, the scores of SAS and SDS of observation group were lower than those of control group; and the scores of QLI and dimension scores of the quality of special nursing of observation group were higher than those of control group; the differences were all statistical (P<0.01). The incidences of complications and side effects of observation group were statistically lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Nursing management based on PDCA can effectively decrease the occurrence risk of side effects and complications after PICC among acute leukemia patients with chemotherapy, improve patients' life quality and emotional state which has clinical application and promotion value.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Naokang Ⅱ in patients with vascular cognitive impairment of none dementia after cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 100 consecutive patients with vascular cognitive impairment of none dementia after cerebral infarction diagnosed at the Neurology Clinic,Beijing Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from October 2012 to February 2014 were enrolled prospectively.Six of them did not complete a return visit because of not returning to the hospital in time,2 withdrew automatically,and finally,92 patients were enrolled in the study.According to the random number table method,they were divided into either an observation group (n=48) or a control group (n=44).The control group was treated with aniracetam,while the observation group was treated with aniracetam plus Naokang Ⅱ (Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata,Radix Rehmanniae Preparata,Radix Notoginseng,Acorus Calamus L.and Radix Polygalae) for 12 weeks.The differences of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome integral before and after treatment in both groups were compared.The effective rate and cognitive function improvement rate of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes before and after treatment in both groups were compared.Results The scores of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome integral before and after treatment in patients of the observation group were 28±5 and 15±4,respectively,those of the control group before and after treatment were 26±5 and 18±5,respectively.There were significant differences before and after treatment (the t values were 15.02 and 14.73,respectively,all P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups after treatment(t=-3.08,P>0.05).The total effective rate in the observation group (75.0% [36/48]) was higher than that in the control group (45.5% [20/44]).There was significant difference between two groups (χ2=7.023,P=0.008).The improvement rates of memory,orientation,judgment,and problem solving skills in the observation group (29.2% [14/48],27.1% [13/48],and 31.2% [15/48]) were higher than those in the control group (11.4% [5/44],9.1% [4/44],and 13.6% [6/44]).There were significant differences between the two groups (all P<0.05).No adverse reactions were observed in the two groups during the observation period.Conclusion Naokang Ⅱ combined with aniracetam for patients with vascular cognitive impairment of none dementia after cerebral infarction had a synergistic effect.

Objective To investigate the association between apolipoprotein E(ApoE)gene polymorphism and serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipid(Lp-PLA2)level in patients with AD and sleep disorders. Methods Sixty-two AD patients and 26 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.The polymorphisms of ApoE gene and lev-els of serum Lp-PLA2,IL-6 and other serological indexes were determined,respectively.The mini-mental state ex-amination(MMSE)and Pittsburgh sleep index scale(PSQI)were used to evaluate the cognition and sleep status of AD patients and healthy controls. Results(1)ApoE ε3/4 and ε2/4 genotype were significantly higher in AD patients with sleep disorders(AD-1 group)compared with the healthy controls(P<0 05),and ApoEε3/4 genotype was significantly higher in patients in AD-1 group compared with AD patients without sleep disorder(AD-2 group) (P < 0 05).(2)The ApoEε4 allele frequency in patients in AD-1 group was significantly higher than that in pa-tients in the control group(P<0 05).(3)Levels of serum Lp-PLA2 and IL-6 were significantly higher in AD pa-tients with the ApoEε4 allele compared with AD patients without the ApoEε4 allele(P < 0 05). Conclusion ApoE gene polymorphism has a certain relationship with levels of serum Lp-PLA2 and IL-6 in patients with AD and sleep disturbance,and it′s speculated that the effect of ApoE gene polymorphism on sleep disorder may be associat-ed with inflammatory reaction.

Objective To evaluate the practicability of using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tech-nology for inhibition of hepatitis B virus ( HBV) replication. Methods Two sgRNA targeting sites were de-signed for the S region of HBV genome. The CRISPR/Cas9 expression plasmids specific for HBV were con-structed and then transfected into a cell line expressing HBV genome(HepG2-N10). The cytotoxicity of cells transfected with different expression plasmids were detected by MTT assay. The levels of hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBsAg ) were determined by using chemiluminescent immunoassay ( CLIA ) . The expression of HBV at mRNA level was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR ( qRT-PCR) . The qPCR was performed for the detection of extracellular and intracellular HBV DNA. The next-generation sequencing ( NGS) Illumina MiSeq Platform was used to analyze HBV genome editing. Results No significant cytotoxic effects were de-tected in HepG2-N10 cells transfected with different expression plasmids. Compared with the cells carrying pCas-Guide-GFP-Scramble, the levels of HBsAg in the supernatants of transfected cell culture harboring pCas-Guide-GFP-G1 and pCas-Guide-GFP-G2 were decreased by 24. 2% (P<0. 05) and 16. 9% (P>0. 05), respectively. The levels of HBsAg in cells transfected with pCas-Guide-GFP-G1 and pCas-Guide-GFP-G2 were respectively decreased by 16. 4% (P>0. 05) and 32. 1% (P>0. 05) as compared with that of pCas-Guide-GFP-Scramble transfected group. The expression of HBV at mRNA level was inhibited as indica-ted by the results of qRT-PCR. Moreover, the levels of extracellular HBV DNA were respectively suppressed by 23% (P>0. 05) and 35% (P<0. 05), and the levels of intracellular HBV DNA were respectively sup-pressed by 7. 2% (P>0. 05) and 18% (P>0. 05). Different types of insertion/deletion mutation were de-tected in HBV genome by high-throughput sequencing. Conclusion HBV-specific CRISPR/Cas9 system could inhibit the expression of HBV gene and the replication of virus. Therefore, the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology might be used as a potential tool for the treatment of persistent HBV infection.

Cerebrovascular disease, also known as a cerebral vascular accident, is named “stroke” in traditional Chinese medicine, there is close correlation between acute cerebrovascular disease and gastrointestinal system. In this paper, we discussed 3 parts about the relationship between the gastrointestinal system and brain. First, in the traditional Chinese medicine theory, there is close relationship between gastrointestinal system and brain from the physiological function and Meridian theory. Secondly, clinical practice indicated that heat phlegm fu-organ syndrome is the main syndrome of acute cerebrovascular disease. The main symptom of this syndrome is the constipation, which is an important part of the disease transition. Furthermore, in acute cerebrovascular disease, the brain-gut peptide esp. CCK and surface colonic electrical physiological changes are the material and electrophysiological basic on the relationship between gastrointestinal system and brain.