ObjectiveTo investigate the infection and genotypes of Wolbachia in Aedes albopictus. MethodsAdult and larval samples of Aedes albopictus were collected from different residential and wild areas from 2020 to 2021， Wolbachia surface protein （wsp） gene was amplified and genotyped for wAlbA and wAlbB by PCR， and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The difference of detection rate among different habitats， male and female adult mosquitoes， adult and larvae was compared by χ² analysis. ResultsThe detection rate of Wolbachia in adult and larvae of Aedes albopictus were 43.5% （77/177） and 70.4% （190/270）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference （χ²=32.086，P<0.001）， and wAlbA and wAlbB were mainly detected together. The detection rate of Wolbachia in female and male Aedes albopictus were 50.7% （76/150） and 3.7% （1/27）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference（χ²=20.533，P<0.001）. The detection rate of adult Aedes albopictus in Songjiang wild area， residential area and Hongkou residential area were 91.7% （55/60）， 18.8% （22/117） and 41.7% （30/72）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference （χ²=54.322，P<0.001）. Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis showed that adult and larvae of Aedes albopictus infected with Wolbachia were mainly wAlb A and wAlb B. In addition， some sequences formed clades independently， and the genetic distance from other sequences was relatively large. ConclusionInfection of Wolbachia in Aedes albopictus is relatively common in Songjiang District. The main genotypes are wAlb A and wAlb B and there may be other subtypes， which are worthy of further exploration and research.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella epidemic in kindergartens and schools in Jinshan District of Shanghai from 2015 to 2022，and to understand the varicella antibody level in students aged under 30 years old，to provide evidence for developing control and prevention strategies． Methods Data of varicella epidemic situation at schools and kindergartens and varicella cases were analyzed by descriptive methods．Collect serum from healthy individuals under 30 years old to detect IgG antibody levels of varicella zoster virus.Results From 2015 to 2022, a total of 91 cases of chickenpox were reported in kindergartens and schools in Jinshan District, Shanghai, involving 412 cases.The peak incidence occurs from October to December，kindergarten childcare and primary school children were at high risk of varicella .The incidence of fever(χ²=12.93，P＜0.001) and moderate to severe rash(χ²=28.79，P＜0.001) in patients with varicella vaccination was lower than that in patients without varicella vaccination. A total of 227 people were surveyed，the positive rate of varicella antibody was 62. 56%，the geometric mean titer ( GMT) was 2.22±0.68（165.96mIU/ml）．The difference of GMT(F=6.87，P＜0.001) and positive rate (χ²=29.14，P＜0.001)of antibody in different age groups was statistically significant，the positive rate was lowest in the age group of 1-3 years, and gradually increased with the increase of age. Conclusion Autumn and winter in Jinshan District are the seasons with high incidence of chickenpox in kindergartens and primary schools，two doses of chickenpox inoculation can not only reduce clinical symptoms, but also block the transmission of chickenpox epidemic，it is suggested schools and health facilities make chicken pox monitoring work, get the chickenpox vaccine on time.

Objective To observe value of thin slice CT multiple signs combined with multiplanar reformation(MPR)for diagnosing tracheobronchial tuberculosis(TBTB).Methods Data of 234 TBTB patients who underwent chest thin slice CT scanning were retrospectively analyzed.MPR was performed,the direct signs and indirect signs of TBTB were observed.The diagnostic efficacy of axial plain CT images(direct observation)and of MPR combined with the former(combined observation)were compared.Results The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of direct observation was 38.88％(201/517),98.13％(1 789/1 823),85.53％(201/235),84.99％(1 789/2 105)and 85.04％(1 990/2 340),respectively,of combined observation was 91.10％(471/517),98.85％(1 802/1 823),95.54％(471/493),97.51％(1 802/1 848)and 97.14％(2 273/2 340),respectively.Significant differences of sensitivity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy were found(all P＜0.001),whereas no significant difference of specificity was found between 2 methods(P＞0.05).Conclusion Thin slice CT multiple signs combined with MPR could be used to effectively diagnose TBTB.

Objective:To understand the status and related factors of emotional inhibition among women re-ceiving in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET).Methods:A total of 791 women receiving IVF-ET from a specialized hospital in Changsha were selected,and surveyed with the General Questionnaire,Emotional Inhibition Scale(EIS),Locke-Wollance Marital Adjustment Questionnaire,Self-Compassion Scale and Medical Coping Mode Questionnaire.Results:The average score of EIS in women receiving IVF-ET was(28.0±6.4).Multiple linear re-gression analysis showed that the EIS scores in women receiving IVF-ET were negatively associated with infertility factors(β=-9.23,-4.56,-2.86),personality type(β=-1.11),and marital adjustment,confrontation and self-compassion scores(β=-0.03,-0.13,-0.05),and positively associated with residence and surrender di-mension scores(β=0.82,0.20).Conclusion:It suggests that women receiving IVF-ET have a certain degree of e-motional inhibition,which is related to infertility factors,residence,personality type,self-compassion,marital adjust-ment,confrontation,and surrender.

Background: The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 omicron variant has been triggering the new wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) globally. However, the risk factors and outcomes for radiological abnormalities in the early convalescent stage (1 month after diagnosis) of omicron infected patients are still unknown. Methods: Patients were retrospectively enrolled if they were admitted to the hospital due to COVID-19. The chest computed tomography (CT) images and clinical data obtained at baseline (at the time of the first CT image that showed abnormalities after diagnosis) and 1 month after diagnosis were longitudinally analyzed. Uni-/multi-variable logistic regression tests were performed to explore independent risk factors for radiological abnormalities at baseline and residual pulmonary abnormalities after 1 month. Results: We assessed 316 COVID-19 patients, including 47% with radiological abnormalities at baseline and 23% with residual pulmonary abnormalities at 1-month follow-up. In a multivariate regression analysis, age ≥ 50 years, body mass index ≥ 23.87, days after vaccination ≥ 81 days, lymphocyte count ≤ 1.21 × 10 -9 /L, interleukin-6 (IL-6) ≥ 10.05 pg/mL and IgG ≤ 14.140 S/CO were independent risk factors for CT abnormalities at baseline. The age ≥ 47 years, presence of interlobular septal thickening and IL-6 ≥ 5.85 pg/mL were the independent risk factors for residual pulmonary abnormalities at 1-month follow-up. For residual abnormalities group, the patients with less consolidations and more parenchymal bands at baseline could progress on CT score after 1 month. There were no significant changes in the number of involved lung lobes and total CT score during the early convalescent stage. Conclusion The higher IL-6 level was a common independent risk factor for CT abnormalities at baseline and residual pulmonary abnormalities at 1-month follow-up. There were no obvious radiographic changes during the early convalescent stage in patients with residual pulmonary abnormalities.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of T2 mapping in the assessment of myocardial changes and prognosis in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted. A total of 30 patients with acute STEMI admitted to Tianjin First Central Hospital from January 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled as the experimental group. At the same time, 30 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers and outpatients with non-specific chest pain with no abnormalities in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examination were selected as the control group. CMR was performed within 2 weeks after the diagnosis of STEMI, as the initial reference. A plain CMR review was performed 6 months later (chronic myocardial infarction, CMI). Plain scanning includes film sequence (CINE), T2 weighted short tau inversion recovery (T2-STIR), native-T1 mapping, and T2 mapping. Enhanced scanning includes first-pass perfusion, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and post-contrast T1 mapping. Quantitative myocardial parameters were compared between the two groups, before and after STEMI myocardial infarction. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of native-T1 before myocardial contrast enhancement and T2 values in differentiating STEMI and CMI after 6 months. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, heart rate and body mass index (BMI) between the two groups, which were comparable. The native-T1 value, T2 value and extracellular volume (ECV) were significantly higher than those in the control group [native-T1 value (ms): 1 434.5±165.3 vs. 1 237.0±102.5, T2 value (ms): 48.3±15.6 vs. 21.8±13.1, ECV: (39.6±13.8)% vs. (22.8±5.0)%, all P < 0.05]. In the experimental group, 12 patients were re-examined by plain CMR scan 6 months later. After 6 months, the high signal intensity on T2-STIR was still visible, but the range was smaller than that in the acute phase, and the native-T1 and T2 values were significantly lower than those in the acute phase [native-T1 value (ms): 1 271.0±26.9 vs. 1 434.5±165.3, T2 value (ms): 34.2±11.2 vs. 48.3±15.6, both P < 0.05]. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of native-T1 and T2 values in differentiating acute STEMI from CMI was 0.71 and 0.80, respectively. When native-T1 cut-off value was 1 316.0 ms, the specificity was 100% and the sensitivity was 53.3%; when T2 cut-off value was 46.7 ms, the specificity was 100% and the sensitivity was 73.8%. CONCLUSIONS The T2 mapping is a non-invasive method for the diagnosis of myocardial changes in patients with acute STEMI myocardial infarction, and can be used to to evaluate the clinical prognosis of patients.
Humans ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis* ; Contrast Media ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/methods* ; Gadolinium ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Myocardial Infarction ; Predictive Value of Tests

Objective To determine the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Jinshan District of Shanghai in 2002‒2019. Methods This study was a secondary data analysis using measles surveillance system and epidemiological case reports in Jinshan District from January 2002 through December 2019. Temporal characteristics of the disease onset was determined by a concentration method. ArcGis 10.4 and SaTScan 9.6 software were used for spatiotemporal clustering scanning analysis. Results From 2002 through 2019， a total of 289 cases of measles were reported in Jinshan District， Shanghai， with an average annual incidence of 2.24 per 10⁵. The annual incidence fluctuated from 0 to 11.27 per 10⁵. The highest incidence was recorded in 2005 （11.27 per 10⁵）， followed by a decline； however， there was a rebound in 2008 （5.26 per 10⁵） and 2015 （3.30 per 10⁵）. The concentration M was determined to be 0.62， showing a clear seasonality concentrated in February to May. The spatiotemporal scan found that spatial and temporal clusters were more likely to occur in the areas with higher population density such as Zhujing Town and Shihua Community and between 2002 and 2009. The majority of measles cases were infants and children under the age of 1 and adults aged 20‒39 years. Approximately 66.78% of measles cases reported unknown vaccination history. In addition， in children aged 8 month to 4 years， the vaccination rate of measles-containing vaccines in the domestic migrants was much lower than the local residents （χ²=4.44， P=0.035）. Conclusion The incidence of measles in Jinshan District presents a downward trend. The population affected has a "two-way displacement"， which is concentrated in the more populated areas. It is necessary to strengthen measles surveillance and implement supplementary immunization programs with measles-containing vaccines for at-risk populations.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic performance of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with T1 mapping and T2 mapping for detection of acute phase of ischemic cardiomyopathy.Methods:Twenty-four patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) detected by coronary angiography from May 2020 to April 2021 in Tianjin First Center Hospital were selected. All patients underwent CMR (Philips Ingenia 3.0-T) at (9±4) days after definite diagnosis, which was defined as the first diagnosis. After 3 months and 6 months of chronic myocardial infarction (CMI) phase, one CMR was performed. On the same period with age and sex matching, a total of 26 cases of healthy volunteers and outpatient with non-specific chest pain and CMR examination without abnormality as control group. Plain scan included Cine, T2-weighted (STIR), and native T1/T2 mapping. The enhanced scan included perfusion, late gadolinium enhancement, post-T1 mapping. The changes of myocardial quantitative parameters before and after myocardial infarction were compared. Receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC curve) were developed to evaluate, compare, and distinguish the changes in the AMI group and the CMI group after 6 months.Results:Pre-enhanced T1 value, T2 value and extracellular volume (ECV) of AMI group were significantly higher than those of control group [pre-enhanced T1 value (ms): 1 438.7±173.4 vs. 1 269.2±42.3, pre-enhanced T2 value (ms): 49.8±9.3 vs. 21.7±4.0 , ECV (%): 33.2±10.2 vs. 27.2±2.1, all P < 0.05]. ECV was significantly higher in AMI (%: 33.2±10.2 vs. 27.2±2.1), but stabilized after 3 months (%: 33.2±10.2 vs. 32.4±5.1), and after 6 months later (%: 27.7±4.9 vs. 32.4±5.1), there were no significant difference (all P > 0.05). Pre-enhanced T1 and T2 values were significantly higher in AMI, lower after 3 months, but significantly decreased after 6 months [pre-enhanced T1 values (ms): 1 438.7±173.4 vs. 1 272.1±25.2, pre-enhanced T2 values (ms): 49.8±9.3 vs. 29.0±4.0, all P < 0.05]. The ROC curve showed that the specificity of pre-enhanced T1 and T2 values between AMI and CMI were 100%, and the sensitivity were 72.7%, 100%, respectively, pre-enhanced T1 and T2 value could be better distinguish between AMI and CMI diagnosis method. Conclusion:T1 mapping and T2 mapping with ECV can clearly diagnosis ischemic cardiomyopathy, especially pre-enhanced myocardial T1 and T2 values which is non-invasive diagnosis method of AMI, and can distinguish AMI or CMI, has a great significance to the patient's clinical treatment and follow-up.

ObjectiveTo determine the level of anti-measles antibody and its fluctuation trend in children under 8 months old， which may provide evidence for enhancing the measles immunization strategy. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to collect the serum of the children aged 1‒8 months in a children’s medical center in Shanghai. Serum concentration of anti-measles IgG antibody was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and dynamics of IgG antibody level was compared. ResultsA total of 837 children aged 1‒8 months were tested for anti-measles antibody， and there was no statistical difference in the antibody level between boys and girls （P>0.05）. In the age of 1 month children， the average geometric antibody concentration （GMC） was 529.66 IU‧L^-1， and the antibody positive rate and protection rate were 86.07% and 29.51% respectively. After the age of 3 months， the antibody level dropped sharply in the age of 8 months children， the GMC decreased to 44.46 IU‧L^-1. The positive rate was 12.00%， and the protection rate was 1.00%. The mathematical model of GMC reduction trend in children aged 1‒8 months was Ŷ=-0.144 8X+2.640（R²=0.911 3， P<0.001）. ConclusionThe low level of mother-transmitted protective antibody and its downward trend with age are the important factors leading to the incidence of measles in children aged1‒8 months. It is suggested that intensive immunization should be carried out for women of childbearing age to improve the level of mother-transmitted antibodies in her baby.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of Matas test combined with endovascular intervention on patients with traumatic internal carotid-cavernous fistula.Methods:A retrospective case study was performed on 144 patients with traumatic internal carotid-cavernous fistula treated in our department from August 2012 to June 2018. The clinical symptoms, intraocular pressure and visual acuity data before and after surgery were counted, and the paired t test was used for statistical analysis. Logistic regression was performed to analyze factors affecting recurrence.Results:The main symptoms of traumatic internal carotid-cavernous fistula were proptosis, bulbar conjunctival hyperemia and cranial sound. Postoperative intraocular pressure was significantly lower than preoperative intraocular pressure [(11.13±2.97) mmHg vs. (22.37±6.64) mmHg] and postoperative visual acuity was significantly higher than preoperative visual acuity [(0.69±0.36) vs. (0.47±0.25)] and (both P<0.05). Postoperative intraocular pressure was an independent risk factor for recurrence within 3 months ( OR=0.357, 95% CI: 0.135-0.944, P=0.037), and the recurrence rate was 10.42%. Conclusions:Matas test combined with endovascular intervention in the treatment of traumatic internal carotid-cavernous fistula can effectively reduce intraocular pressure, improve visual acuity, and has a definite curative effect. It is one of the effective treatment methods for traumatic internal carotid-cavernous fistula.