Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）. Cell death caused by iron-lipid disorder is a new mode of regulating programmed cell death， which is characterized by lipid peroxidation induced by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species and excessive accumulation of iron ions induced by iron metabolism disorders. Among them， iron homeostasis disorder and metabolic pathway disorder are the main causes of iron-lipid disorder， which play an important role in a variety of pathological processes related to cell death. Because the liver is an important organ for iron storage and lipid metabolism， iron-lipid disorder is an ideal target for liver disease， and inhibition of iron-lipid disorder may become a new strategy for the treatment of NAFLD. However， the pathogenic relationship and mechanism between NAFLD and iron-lipid disorder have not been fully elucidated. Based on the complex molecular regulation mechanism of iron-lipid disorder， by expounding the role of iron-lipid disorder in NAFLD and its related mechanism， this paper summarizes the research status of traditional Chinese medicine on the target treatment of NAFLD in recent years， so as to provide a new perspective and point out a new direction for the treatment of NAFLD in the future.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin secretion. As the disease progresses， patients begin to suffer from diabetic nephropathy， diabetic cardiomyopathy， non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or other complications， which increase the burden on the patients. Moreover， the number of patients is increasing， which brings a heavy burden to the society. Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death which has attracted wide attention in recent years. It refers to the cell death caused by the excessive accumulation of lipid peroxide under the overload of iron ions. Studies have discovered that ferroptosis exists in diabetes mellitus and its complications. Inhibiting ferroptosis can greatly slow down the occurrence and progression of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Chinese medicine， the unique medical treasure in China， acts in a multi-pathway， multi-target manner and is praised for the cheap price， low toxicity， and mild side effects. It has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications and has demonstrated definite therapeutic effects， bringing the good news for the majority of patients. The regulation of ferroptosis by Chinese medicine may be a new direction for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications in the future. This paper briefly describes the mechanism of ferroptosis， explores the relationship of ferroptosis with diabetes mellitus and its complications， summarizes the research status of Chinese medicine interventions， and puts forward suggestions， aiming to provide a reference for further research on the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications with Chinese medicine.

Objective To construct the triple pre-rehabilitation program for the patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy to provide a theoretical basis for the preoperative management of this operation mode.Methods The raft plan was formed by the literature research and group discussion,then the experts were invited to conduct the two rounds of expert consultation,and the final draft of the plan was finally formed.Results The draft plan included the 3 first-level items,9 second-level items and 28 third-level items.The questionnaire recovery rate of the two rounds of expert correspondence was 100%,and the authority coef-ficients were 0.88 and 0.93,respectively.The mean importance and feasibility scores of each item in the two rounds of expert consultation were ≥3.5,and the coefficient of variation was<0.25.The first draft of the final formation plan included the 3 first-level items,9 second-level items and 31 third-level items.Conclusion This program has ne-cessity,scientificity and feasibility.Clarifying the specific contents and scope of preoperative management of this operation mode could provide a theoretical basis for medical staff to carry out pre-rehabilitation.

Objective To establish a scientific training program that takes into account both anaerobic and aerobic training for pilots,and to explore the appropriate ratio of aerobic and anaerobic training.Methods According to the physical examination standards for pilots,a total of 16 healthy subjects aged 18-24 were selected from two batches.The two batches of subjects were trained with different aerobic and anaerobic ratios.Training period was 3 months.The changes in cardiopulmonary function of the subjects before and after training were evaluated using the cardiopulmonary function exercise testing system(CPET),and the changes in anaerobic capacity were evaluated using changes in strength as an indicator.Results After training,the weight load of the subjects in the two training programs,including barbell squats,leg flexion and hard pull,and barbell under 10RM and 3RM,was significantly increased(P<0.001),and there was no statistically significant difference in anaerobic strength growth between the two groups.The results of CPET showed that the maximum load,maximum heart rate,and respiratory quotient in the two groups were significantly increased after than before the training(P<0.01).The maximum load(Experiment group 1:29.12±19.69,Experiment group 2:72.00±46.24)and respiratory quotient(Experiment grouop 1:0.11±0.09,Experiment group 2:0.28±0.16)of the subjects in experiment group 2 before and after training were greater than those in experiment group 1.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The anaerobic and aerobic capacities of the subjects in the experiment group 2 are effectively improved,indicating that ratio of aerobic and anaerobic of the training scheme is better.

Objective This study aimed to identify PAX9 variants in non-syndromic tooth agenesis families of Chi-na,as well as to analyze the genotype-phenotype of non-syndromic tooth agenesis caused by PAX9 variants,which can provide a basis for the genetic diagnosis of tooth agenesis.Methods We collected the data of 44 patients with non-syn-dromic oligodontia who underwent treatment at Stomatological Hospital of Hebei Medical University between 2018 and 2023.Whole-exome sequencing was performed on the peripheral blood of the proband and its core family members,and the variants were verified by Sanger sequencing.Pathogenicity analysis and function prediction of the variants were per-formed using bioinformatics tools.The correlation between the genotype of PAX9 variant and its corresponding pheno-type was examined by reviewing 55 publications retrieved from PubMed.The studies involved 232 tooth agenesis pa-tients with PAX9 variants.Results A novel PAX9 c.447delG(p.Pro150Argfs*62)and a reported PAX9 c.406C>T(p.Gln136*)were identified in two Chinese families.Through bioinformatics analysis and three-dimensional structural mod-eling,we postulated that the frameshift variant was pathogenic.The outcome was the premature cessation of PAX9 pro-tein,which caused severe structural and functional deficiencies.Summarizing the PAX9 genotype-phenotype relationship revealed that patients carrying the PAX9 variant commonly led to loss of the second molars.Conclusion We identified the novel PAX9 c.447delG(p.Pro150Argfs*62)in a Chinese family of non-syndromic oligodontia,expanding the known variant spectrum of PAX9.The most susceptible tooth position for PAX9 variants of tooth agenesis was the second mo-lars and the deciduous molars during the deciduous dentition.

Objective To understand the changing distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Proteus,Morganella and Providencia in hospitals across China from January 1,2015 to December 31,2021 in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out following the unified CHINET protocol.The results were interpreted in accordance with the breakpoints in the 2021 Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)M100(31 st Edition).Results A total of 32 433 Enterobacterales strains were isolated during the 7-year period,including 24 160 strains of Proteus,6 704 strains of Morganella,and 1 569 strains of Providencia.The overall number of these Enterobacterales isolates increased significantly over the 7-year period.The top 3 specimen source of these strains were urine,lower respiratory tract specimens,and wound secretions.Proteus,Morganella,and Providencia isolates showed lower resistance rates to amikacin,meropenem,cefoxitin,cefepime,cefoperazone-sulbactam,and piperacillin-tazobactam.For most of the antibiotics tested,less than 10％of the Proteus and Morganella strains were resistant,while less than 20％of the Providencia strains were resistant.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales(CRE)was 1.4％in Proteus isolates,1.9％in Morganella isolates,and 15.6％in Providencia isolates.Conclusions The overall number of clinical isolates of Proteus,Morganella and Providencia increased significantly in the 7-year period from 2015 to 2021.The prevalence of CRE strains also increased.More attention should be paid to antimicrobial resistance surveillance and rational antibiotic use so as to prevent the emergence and increase of antimicrobial resistance.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of different exercises on executive function, moter skills and core symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using network Meta-analysis, and to provide evidence-based basis for the treatment of children with ADHD.Methods:The randomized controlled trails(RCTs)of exercises on children with ADHD were searched in Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and CBM databases.The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of each database to May 2023.The Cochrane quality review manual was used to evaluate the quality of the included literatures.Stata 17.0 software was used to perform network Meta-analysis.Results:Finally, twenty-four studies were enrolled including five types of exercise intervention, such as aerobic exercise, multicomponent exercise, exergaming, high intensity interval training (HIIT) and traditional low-to-moderate intensity exercise therapy (TRAD).The results of network Meta-analysis showed that: in terms of improving executive function(working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility), motor skills and core symptoms of children with ADHD, the optimal exercise intervention was aerobic exercises (surface under the cumulative ranking were 78.9%, 73.0%, 88.7%, 77.9% and 69.9% respectively).Conclusion:Exercises can improve executive function, improve motor skills, and alleviate ADHD core symptoms.Aerobic exercise has a better effect on improving executive function, motor skills and core symptoms of ADHD children.

Diabetic nephropathy （DN）， as one of the common chronic microvascular complications of diabetes， has become the main cause of renal failure in end-stage renal disease in China， increasing the risks of renal dialysis and kidney transplantation in diabetes patients. It is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes. The latest research on DN has focused on the gene level. microRNAs （miRNAs） are a family of endogenous accessible short-chain non-coding RNA molecules. By acting on a particular target， they activate or inhibit its mediated signaling pathways and related molecules， playing an important role in the occurrence and development of DN. They have become microeconomic factors for the prevention and treatment of DN. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has a long history in the diagnosis and treatment of DN and has unique advantages such as significant curative effect and few side effects. A large number of studies have proved that TCM can target miRNA to affect multiple signaling pathways， participate in the regulation of inflammatory response， pyroptosis， mesenchymal transdifferentiation， and other pathological changes， and delay the further development of DN. Therefore， this study discusses the biogenesis mechanism of miRNA and its action mechanism in disease-related signaling pathways based on TCM diagnosis and treatment approaches from the perspective of miRNA， and summarizes the effect of TCM targeting miRNA on the disease-related signaling pathways and on DN. Thus， this study is expected to provide a theoretical reference for exploring the progress of TCM intervention in DN from the perspective of genes.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Hedysari Radix polysaccharide （HRP） on the Janus kinase 2 （JAK2）/signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 3 （STAT3） signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy db/db mice. MethodFifty db/db mice were randomly divided into model group， irbesartan group （irbesartan suspension， 22.75 mg·kg^-1）， and high-， medium-， and low-dose HRP groups （HRP suspension， 200， 100， 50 mg·kg^-1） according to the body weight， with 10 mice in each group. Another 10 C57BL/6 mice were assigned to the normal group. The mice were treated with corresponding drugs by gavage， while those in the normal group and the model group received distilled water at 5 mL·kg^-1. The mice in the six groups were administered once a day by gavage for 12 consecutive weeks. The uric acid （UA）， triglycerides （TG）， and total cholesterol （TC） were detected. Periodic acid-Schiff （PAS） staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes in kidney tissues. Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of JAK2， STAT3， suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 （SOCS3）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the kidney. ResultAfter 12 weeks of treatment， compared with the normal group， the model group showed significant pathological ultrastructural changes in kidney tissues and increased UA， TG， and TC levels （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high- and medium-dose HRP groups and the irbesartan group showed improvement in pathological ultrastructure of kidney tissues and reduced UA， TG， and TC levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， the model group showed a decrease in SOCS3 protein and mRNA expression levels and an increase in JAK2， STAT3， and TNF-α protein and mRNA expression levels （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high- and medium-dose HRP groups and the irbesartan group showed an increase in SOCS3 protein and mRNA expression levels and a decrease in JAK2， STAT3， and TNF-α protein and mRNA expression levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionHRP can alleviate renal damage in diabetic nephropathy to a certain extent， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of plasma atherosclerosis index (AIP) on metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in physical examination population.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. Total of 97 076 people who completed physical examination in the Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January to December 2021 and met the integrity of the study were selected as study subjects. Of the subjects, 31 176 people who met the diagnostic criteria of MAFLD were set as the MAFLD group, and the other 65 900 people were set as the non-MAFLD group. Laboratory indexes, height, weight, blood pressure, liver ultrasound and other indicators in the two groups were collected, and the AIP was calculated. The t-test was used for measurement data and chi-square test was used for counting data to compare the differences between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of MAFLD. The two groups were grouped further according to gender and age, and the difference of AIP prediction efficiency in different groups was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results:The average age (47.3 years, Z=-31.734), male proportion (76.9%, χ2=7 837.54) and the average value of AIP (0.23, Z=-155.089) in MAFLD group were all higher than those in non-MAFLD group (all P<0.001). After stratified by age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hypertensive or not, hemoglobin A1c (HbA 1c), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), the difference of AIP between the two groups was still statistically significant (all P<0.001). Multifactorial regression analysis showed that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ( OR=1.024), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ( OR=0.974), serum creatinine (sCr) ( OR=0.975), serum uric acid ( OR=1.004), HbA 1c ( OR=1.231), hemoglobin (HB) ( OR=1.011), platelet(PLT) ( OR=1.002), FBG ( OR=1.131), BMI ( OR=1.419), AIP ( OR=11.318), systolic blood pressure ( OR=1.002), and diastolic blood pressure ( OR=1.012) were independent risk factors for MAFLD (all P<0.001). In the overall population, AIP had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.808, a cut-off value of 2.045, a sensitivity of 74.5% and a specificity of 72.4%; in the gender subgroup, the AUC was greater in women than in men (0.815 vs 0.764), and the cut-off values, sensitivities and specificities in the two groups were -0.044 vs 0.091, 75.6% vs 72.2%, 73.3% vs 67.6%, respectively; in the age sub-group, the largest AUC (0.848), cut-off value (0.034), sensitivity (79.1%) and specificity (75.3%) were found in the 18-44 years group; the differences were statistically significantin the ROC curve analysis of each group ( P<0.001). Conclusion:AIP is an independent risk factor for MAFLD, which has good predictive value for the occurrence of the disease, and has better predictive effect in women and young groups (18-44 years old).