Based on advancements in modern medical research regarding the intricate connection between the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas， as well as the relationship between pancreatic functions and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） spleen system， this paper discussed the categorization of the pancreas. It is proposed that the pancreas is neither a true zang organ nor a fu organ， but possessed the attributes of an extraordinary fu-organ and can be classified under the spleen. The spleen governs transportation and transformation， ascent of the clear and dispersion of essence， which encompasses the endocrine and exocrine functions， and pancreatic enzymes and glucose-regulating hormones form the material basis for the spleen's function of dispersing essence. Diseases of the pancreas exhibit characteristics of both zang-organ deficiency and fu-organ excess， so treatment should simultaneously supplement zang-organ disease and regulate fu-organ disease when pancreas showing endocrine and exocrine co-morbidities， with focus on restoring the pancreas （spleen）'s dispersing essence function. Therapeutic strategies include supplementing spleen qi， nourishing spleen yin to strengthen spleen earth， unblocking spleen collaterals， raising spleen yang， and removing spleen turbidity to support the spleen's dispersing essence function， so as to replenish the essential qi of zang-fu organs， ensure their distribution throughout the body， and improve the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas.

Ferroptosis， a new form of programmed cell death different from apoptosis， necrosis， and autophagy， is closely associated with a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Iron-mediated accumulation of reactive oxygen species is the main inducement of ferroptosis， the mechanism of which is related to intracellular lipid metabolism， iron metabolism， and antioxidant defense pathways. Multiple signaling axes and regulators jointly regulate the occurrence and disruption of ferroptosis. Studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis regulates the growth and proliferation of tumor cells. Inducing ferroptosis in tumor cells can control the growth， metastasis， and multi-drug resistance of tumors. Therefore， the effect and mechanism of ferroptosis on tumor cells have become a hot topic in anti-cancer research. As the research advances， a variety of ferroptosis inducers has been used in the clinical chemotherapy for cancers and demonstrate significant efficacy. Accordingly， the development of ferroptosis-inducing anticancer drugs has become a new research direction for tumor treatment. Some active ingredients such as lycorine， oleanolic acid， dihydroartemisinin， pseudolaric acid B， and ophiopogonin B of Chinese medicines can induce ferroptosis in tumor cells via lipid metabolism， iron metabolism， system X_c^-， and GPX4/GSH to regulate the development of tumors， demonstrating a promising prospect in clinical treatment. Based on the theory of the mechanism of ferroptosis， this paper reviews the research progress in ferroptosis induced by active ingredients of Chinese medicines in tumor cells and describes the metabolic regulatory network of ferroptosis from signaling pathways and regulatory factors， providing new strategies for applying active ingredients of Chinese medicines in the treatment of tumors.

Paridis Rhizoma possesses the functions of clearing heat and detoxifying， alleviating swelling and relieving pain， cooling the liver and calming the convulsion. Saponins are the main active components of Paridis Rhizoma. Studies have shown that total saponins in Paridis Rhizoma have obvious inhibitory effect on solid tumors such as breast cancer， lung cancer， gastric cancer， and liver cancer and non-solid tumors such as leukemia. The saponins may exert the anti-tumor effects by inhibiting the proliferation， migration， and invasion of tumor cells， regulating cell cycle， inducing apoptotic and non-apoptotic death pathways， and regulating metabolism and tumor microenvironment. Furthermore， total saponins in Paridis Rhizoma showed anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， antimicrobial， hemostatic， and uterus-contracting activities. At the same time， they may induce apoptosis of normal cells， inflammation and oxidative stress， and metabolic disorders. In recent years， the reports of liver injury， reproductive injury， gastrointestinal injury， hemolysis， and other adverse reactions caused by total saponins in Paridis Rhizoma have been increasing. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that there are significant differences in the metabolism of total saponins in Paridis Rhizoma administrated in different ways. Injection has a fast clearance rate， while oral administration may have hepatoenteric circulation. Meanwhile， due to the low solubility and activation of P-glycoprotein （P-gp） molecular pump， the prototype absorption， intestinal permeability， and recovery rate of total saponins in Paridis Rhizoma are poor， which affects the bioavailability. The bioavailability can be improved to some extent by preparing new dosage forms or new drug delivery systems with advanced technology. This paper reviews the pharmacological effect， pharmacokinetics， and adverse reactions of Rhizoma Paridis total saponins by searching the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP， and Web of Science with ''Rhizoma Paridis total saponins'' as the keywords， hoping to provide references for the research， development， and clinical application of such components.

Objective:To investigate the myocardial protective effect of extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) combined with sulfur hexafluoride microbubble post-conditioning on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) in rats, and to provide theoretical support for clinical treatment of MI/RI.Methods:A total of 32 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham operation group (Sham group), MI/RI group (IR group), CSWT group (IR+ SW group), and CSWT combined with sulfur hexafluoride microbubble treatment group (IR+ SW+ MB group), with 8 rats in each group. Therapeutic intervention was performed in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group on the 1st, 3rd and 5th day after modeling. The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) of the rats were measured by echocardiography before and after treatment. On the 7th day, myocardial fibrosis was assessed by Masson staining, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining. The myocardial apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, BAX, Cleaved-Caspase-3 and Cleaved-Caspase-9 in the infarct boundary area were detected by Western blot. The differences of the above indexes among different groups were compared.Results:①There was no significant change in heart rhythm and heart rate among the groups before and after treatment, and there was no significant difference in heart rate ( P>0.05). ②The echocardiographic results after treatment showed that, compared with IR group, LVEDD and LVESD in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group decreased in turn, while LVEF and LVFS increased in turn with significant differences between each two groups (all P<0.05). ③Compared with IR group, the degrees of myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group were alleviated in turn, and the relief in IR+ SW+ MB group was the most obvious. Quantitative analysis showed that compared with IR group, the proportions of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group decreased in turn, and there were significant differences between each two groups (all P<0.05). ④The results of Western blot detection showed that compared with IR group, the levels of Bcl-2 in IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group increased in turn, while the levels of BAX and the activation level of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 protein decreased in turn. These differences were all statistically significant between each two groups (all P<0.05) except for the activation level of Caspase-3 protein between IR+ SW group and IR+ SW+ MB group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:CSWT combined with sulfur hexafluoride microbubble therapy can improve left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular systolic function by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Objective:To investigate the effects of early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after thrombolysis.Methods:A total of 108 patients with STEMI treated in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 were divided into early PCI following thrombolysis group ( n=65) and primary PCI (pPCI) group ( n=43). The general clinical data, and the parameters of routine echocardiography at 1 day after PCI and before discharge were compared between the two groups. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) was used to evaluate myocardial perfusion at 1 day after PCI and before discharge. Results:There were no significant differences in general clinical data between the early PCI following thrombolysis group and the pPCI group (all P>0.05). The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the early PCI following thrombolysis group and pPCI group before discharge was significantly higher than that on the 1st day after PCI(both P<0.05). The difference of LVEF was significant between the early PCI following thrombolysis group and the pPCI group before discharge and 1 day after PCI ( P<0.05). Compared with 1 day after PCI, the global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) of left ventricle increased in early PCI following thrombolysis group and pPCI group before discharge(both P<0.05). The difference of LVGLS between early PCI following thrombolysis group and pPCI group before discharge and 1 day after discharge was statistically significant( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left atrial volume (LAV), ratio of mitral early diastolic velocity to late diastolic velocity (E/A), mean early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus (Em) and E/Em 1 day after PCI and before discharge between early PCI following thrombolysis group and pPCI group (all P>0.05). MCE showed that the MCE score index of early PCI following thrombolysis group and pPCI group before discharge was significantly lower than that of 1 day after PCI(both P<0.001). Compared to the 1 day after PCI, the early PCI following thrombolysis group showed a significant increase in the proportion of normal microvascular perfusion (nMVP) and a decrease in the proportion of delayed microvascular perfusion (dMVP) and microvascular obstruction (MVO) before discharge (all P<0.05). In contrast, the pPCI group demonstrated a significant decrease in the proportion of both nMVP and dMVP before discharge compared to the first day after PCI (all P<0.05). However, the decrease in the proportion of MVO was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Early PCI following thrombolysis and pPCI can enhance left ventricular systolic function and myocardial perfusion in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Early PCI following thrombolysis may offer additional advantages in improving left ventricular systolic function and myocardial perfusion.

Objective:To explore the research status, hotspots, and directions in traditional Chinese medicine treatment for postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction both domestically and internationally.Methods:The bibliometric software CiteSpace 5.7.R5 was used to visually analyze literature published on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science core collection from establishment until 2022, and to draw the knowledge graph of authors, research institutions, and keywords.Results:After screening by two researchers, a total of 1 012 Chinese articles and 111 English articles were included. The analysis of annual publication volume showed that this field was showing an upward trend both domestically and internationally. The co-occurrence analysis of authors displayed that Hu Kaiwen and Jingwen Yang had the highest number of publications. Institutional co-occurrence analysis indicated that there were relatively few mature and influential teams formed domestically and internationally, and research institutions had limited cross-regional cooperation. Keyword clustering analysis revealed that the research hotspots mainly focused on integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing, clinical research, and traditional Chinese medicine external treatment methods.Conclusions:The research on the treatment of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction with traditional Chinese medicine is mainly concentrated in China, but there are few closely cooperating and stable research teams. Research in this field is still in its developmental stage both domestically and internationally, close cooperation between multiple institutions and authors is needed to form influential teams to conduct in-depth research on the mechanisms and principles of this field, making significant contributions to its development.

As precious Chinese medicinal materials， Moschus and Bovis Calculus are often used in the treatment of acute and severe patients. However， due to their scarce sources and high prices， wild animal resources are in urgent need of protection， natural Moschus and Bovis Calculus can no longer meet the needs of preparation production. The use of substitutes such as Moschus Artifactus， Bovis Calculus Artifactus and Bovis Calculus Sativus has alleviated the shortage of original medicinal materials to some extent， and has been widely used in the production and use of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） preparations. According to statistics， the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia contains 75 TCM preparations containing Moschus and 95 preparations containing Bovis Calculus， but in the quality standards of these 134 TCM preparations， the difference between natural medicinal materials and their substitutes is not very obvious， and some quality control projects are relatively simple. Based on this， the author intends to sort out the quality standards of TCM preparations containing Moschus or Bovis Calculus in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （volume Ⅰ）， including the type， drug form， prescription dosage， maximum daily （time） dosage and the quality control items of Moschus and Bovis Calculus in the preparation， in order to explore the rationality of the quality standard of TCM preparations containing Moschus or Bovis Calculus， and to give some suggestions on standardizing the use types of Moschus and Bovis Calculus， improving the quality control items of Moschus and Bovis Calculus in TCM preparations combining modern research achievements and advanced technology.

Objective To explore the progress and prospect of preventive, predictive, personalized and participatory (4P) medicine in China in order to promote the ^“4P^” medicine and provide reference for the government and medical institutions to strengthen health management. Methods An in-depth analysis and review of the ^“4P^” medical service model was conducted through literature review. The prospect of the future development of the ^“4P^” medicine was discussed. Results In recent years, with the advancement of human health concepts and the completion of the genome project, the human healthcare model has been gradually shifting to the ^“4P^” medical service model, namely preventive-predictive-personalized-participatory integrated medicine. It can be seen that modern medical model has been in the process of continuous transformation, which is more human-oriented and emphasizes people^’s initiative. Conclusions With the widespread and understanding of the ^“4P^” medicine among healthcare workers, the value of the “4P” medicine in public health and clinical practice has been continuously proven.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of Quercetin , Luteolin, pigenin in Matricaria Chamomila L.. Methods HPLC analysis was performed on Agilent Zorbox SB-C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with the methanol and phosphoric acid as mobile phase in equal degree model, and the column temperature was set at 25 ℃, and the flow rate was 1.0 ml.min-1 and the detecting wave length was at 350 nm. Results The linear response ranges were from 0.25-4.04 μg of Quercetin (r=1.000, n=6) and from 0.25-3.98 μg of Luteolin (r=1.000, n=6) and 0.25-4.02 μg of Apigenin (r=1.000, n=6);and the recoveries, the precision and the stability RSD of Quercetin, Luteolin and Apigenin meet the requirements. The average recovery rate of quercetin, luteolin and apigenin was 93.64%, 95.85% and 95.40%, respectively. Conclusions All 3 samples in Matricaria Chamomila.L were determined by HPLC. The method is simple, rapid, and reproducible. It can be used as reference for the quality control of Matricaria Chamomila L..

Antiseptic drugs are the most popular anti-infectious drugs in daily use in hospitals, making significant contribution to public health. In view of the increasingly serious problems in the use and management of antiseptic drugs, the Chinese government has taken a series of measures to guide their rational use. However, due to the imperfect regulatory mechanism and weak sense of rational drug use, the problem of irrational use of antiseptic drugs is still existing. By studying the current situation and existing problems of antiseptic drugs in the country, this paper discussed the effective management means of such drugs, and provided feasible strategies and suggestions for standardizing their rational use.