Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is a highly lethal malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to human health.Traditional methods for tumor diagnosis and treatment have many limitations.However,circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)detection,a kind of liquid biopsy technology,has gained widespread attention in the field of NSCLC personalized therapy and monitoring due to its non-invasive,convenient,and comprehensive sensitivity.This article will review the latest research progress of ctDNA detection in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC in recent years,including its applications in early screening,disease diagnosis,tumor mutation monitoring,treatment efficacy evaluation,and prognosis assessment.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of abdominal adipose volume in predicting early tumor recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 132 HCC patients with tumor diameter ≤5 cm who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from December 2017 to October 2019 were collected. There were 110 males and 22 females, aged (51±4)years. All patients underwent resection of HCC. Preoperative computer tomography scanning was performed and the visceral and subcutaneous fats of patients were quantified using the Mimics Research 21.0 software. Based on time to postoperative tumor recurrence patients were divided to two categories: early recurrence and non-early recurrence. Observation indicators: (1) consistency analy-sis; (2) analysis of factors influencing early tumor recurrence after resection of HCC and construction of prediction model. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribu-tion were represented as M( Q1,Q3) or M(range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Consistency analysis was conducted using the intragroup correlation coefficient (ICC) test. Multivariate analysis was performed using the binary Logistic regression model forward method. Independent risk factors influencing early tumor recurrence after resection of HCC were screened. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to select the optimal cut-off value to classify high and low risks of recurrence. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curve and calculate survival time. The Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. Results:(1) Consistency analysis. The consistency ICC of abdominal fat parameters of visceral fat volume (VFV), subcutaneous fat volume, visceral fat area, and subcutaneous fat area measured by 2 radiologists were 0.84, 1.00, 0.86, and 0.94, respectively. (2) Analysis of factors influencing early tumor recurr-ence after resection of HCC and construction of prediction model. All 132 patients were followed up after surgery for 662(range, 292-1 111)days. During the follow-up, there were 52 patients with non-early recurrence and 80 patients with early recurrence. Results of multivariate analysis showed that VFV was an independent factor influencing early tumor recurrence after resection of HCC ( odds ratio=4.07, 95% confidence interval as 2.27-7.27, P<0.05). The AUC of ROC curve based on VFV was 0.78 (95% confidence interval as 0.70-0.85), and the sensitivity and specificity were 72.2 % and 77.4 %, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of VFV was 1.255 dm 3, and all 132 patients were divided into the high-risk early postoperative recurrence group of 69 cases with VFV >1.255 dm 3, and the low-risk early postoperative recurrence group of 63 cases with VFV ≤1.255 dm 3. The disease-free survival time of the high-risk early postoperative recurrence group and the low-risk early post-operative recurrence group were 414(193,702)days and 1 047(620,1 219)days, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=31.17, P<0.05). Conclusions:VFV is an independent factor influen-cing early tumor recurrence of HCC after resection. As a quantitative indicator of abdominal fat, it can predict the prognosis of HCC patients.

OBJECTIVE To test and compare the median effective dose(ED50) of ciprofol for gastroscope in patients of different genders and ages. METHODS Patients who planed to undergo gastroscope examination and treatment from March 2023 to April 2023 were selected, and divided into four groups according to stratified random method: N1 group(non-elderly male patients), N2 group(non-elderly female patients), N3 group(elderly male patients), and N4 group(elderly female patients). All patients received intravenous injection of 0.1 μg·kg−1 sufentanil followed by injection of the test dose of ciprofol according to Dixon’s modified sequential method. Gastroscope was performed after the disappearance of the eyelash reflex. The initial dose of ciprofol in all four groups was 0.4 mg·kg−1, and the ratio of adjacent doses was 1∶1.1. The next patient would receive a 10% increase in the dose of ciprofol if the patient experienced positive reactions such as coughing, frowning, and body movements during the endoscopy process. Otherwise, it would be judged as a negative reaction, and the next patient would receive a 10% decrease in the dose of ciprofol. The transition from a positive reaction to a negative reaction was defined as a turning point, and the study was terminated when seven turning points occurred. Hemodynamic parameters, oxygen saturation and adverse reactions were recorded at different time points. The Probit regression analysis method was used to calculate the ED50 of ciprofol for four groups. RESULTS The ED50 of ciprofol combined with 0.1 μg·kg−1 sufentanil for gastroscope in the non-elderly men, non-elderly women, elderly men, and elderly women were 0.409, 0.373, 0.356, 0.327 mg·kg−1, respectively. The ED50 of ciprofol in the N1 group was significantly higher compared with the N2 group and N3 group(P<0.05). The ED50 of ciprofol in the N4 group was significantly lower compared with the N2 group and N3 group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The ED50 of ciprofol is significantly different among gastroscope patients of different genders and ages, which is lower in female patients than in male patients, and is lower in older patients than in non-elderly patients.

Objective: To investigate the rifampicin resistance status and its influencing factors among elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, so as to provide the basis for improving drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis prevention and control strategies. Methods: Patients aged over 60 years with pulmonary tuberculosis treated in tuberculosis designated hospital was selected. Demographic information, history of previous disease, history of diagnosis and treatment and drug sensitivity test were collected. Rifampicin resistance among elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and its influencing factors was analyzed. Results: Totally 249 elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were included, with an average of (69.75±4.36) years. There were 147 males and 102 females, with a gender ratio of 1.44∶1. There were 183 treatment-naïve patients (73.49%) and 66 retreated patients (26.51%). Rifampicin resistance was found in 21 cases, with a drug resistance rate of 8.43%. Among them, there were 7 treatment-naïve patients (3.83%), and 14 retreated patients (21.21%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that retreated elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had a higher risk of rifampicin resistance (OR=10.551, 95%CI: 1.344-82.857). Conclusion The rifampicin resistance rate of 249 elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 8.43% and was associated with the type of treatment.

Objective To establish an automatic review plan for coagulation tests with image recognition function,and evaluate the correctness and effectiveness of the plan.Methods Artificial intelligence software and hardware were combined to establish an image recognition system that could automatically determine the characteristics of specimens,blood volume and hematocrit.The correctness of the determination results of specimen character was compared with the visual method,the correctness of the determination results of blood volume was compared with the manual measurement method,and the correctness of hematocrit was compared with the hematology analyzer.According to the flow chart,reference interval,medical decision level,critical value range,relevant literature,work experience and historical data,the autoverification rules of coagulation tests were formulated.The autoverification rules were manually verified,and the autoverification pass rate,true positive rate,true negative rate,false positive rate,and false negative rate were calculated.The change of turnaround time in the laboratory after the implementation of the autoverification scheme was evaluated.Re-sults The accuracy rate of sample trait determination in the image recognition system was 96.72％,and the false negative rate of judging hemolytic,jaundice,and lipoid blood samples as normal samples was 0.04％.The image recognition system was compared with the blood volume data of two groups of specimens measured manually,P=0.4881.The image recognition method was not inferior to the manual measurement method.Comparing the two sets of hematocrit data from the image recognition system and the blood cell analyzer,P=0.1130,the image recognition system was not inferior to the blood cell analyzer.A total of 61 automatic re-view rules for coagulation tests had been established,including numerical abnormalities,logical abnormalities,Delta Check,sample quality abnormalities,reaction curve abnormalities,etc.The automatic review pass rate was 76.19％,true positive rate was 23.77％,true negative rate was 76.19％,false positive rate was 0.04％,and false negative rate was 0.00％.After implementing the automatic audit plan,the turnaround time of sam-ples in each quantile was shortened,with an average shortening time of 13.66 min.Conclusion The applica-tion of image recognition technology in the automatic review of coagulation tests makes the automatic review function more automated and scientific,standardizes specimen quality judgment,improves the accuracy of test results,effectively improves work efficiency and saves manpower.

Prosthodontics is an important undergraduate course in stomatology. It's an unprecedented challenge for teachers to give theoretical lectures completely by online teaching methods. After several months of online teaching practice, a complete closed-loop online teaching mode of "pre-class, in-class and after-class" has been formed by using online teaching tools such as Tencent meeting, Superstar learning platform and WeChat. A comprehensive feedback and assessment mechanism has also been established. On the premise of the teaching quality, online teaching has also promoted the exploration and reform of the information-based teaching of prosthodontics course.

Objective:To explore the potential application of combining 18F-FDG PET imaging and radiomics in the diagnosis of Parkinson′s disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS). Methods:A total of 154 subjects of two cohorts (training set and validation set) were enrolled from Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from March 2015 to August 2020 in this cross-sectional study, including 40 normal controls (NC; 23 males and 17 females, age: (60.2±10.5) years), 40 PD patients (20 males and 20 females, age: (64.7±6.3) years), 40 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients (20 males and 20 females, age: (64.1±5.9) years), and 34 multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients (19 males and 15 females, age: (65.0±9.2) years). 18F-FDG PET images and clinical scale were selected, and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare differences of clinical scale among groups. Radiomic features extraction and feature selection were carried out. Two and three classification models were constructed based on logistic regression, and the ROC curves of clinical model, radiomics model and combined model were calculated. Independent classification tests were conducted 100 times with 5-fold cross validation in two cohorts. Results:There were significant differences in the scores of unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr rating scale (H&Y) among different groups in cohort 1 and cohort 2 respectively ( F values: 4.83-17.95, all P<0.05). A total of 2 444 imaging features were extracted from each subject, and after features selection, 15 features for classification were obtained. In the two classification experiment, the AUCs of the three models in binary classification of PD/MSA/PSP/NC group were 0.56-0.68, 0.74-0.93 and 0.72-0.93, respectively. The classification effects of the radiomics model were significantly better than those of the clinical model ( z values: 1.71-2.85, all P<0.05). In the three classification experiment, the sensitivity of the radiomics model reached 80%, 80% and 77% for PD, MSA and PSP, respectively. Conclusion:18F-FDG imaging combined with radiomics has potential in the diagnosis of PD and APS.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to induce carcinogenesis of lingual mucosa in C57BL/6 mice by feeding them 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) solution.

METHODSA total of 85 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into distilled water control group (DD group, n=5), 1,2-propylene glycol control group (PG group, n=5), and experimental group (EP group, n= 75). The mice in the experimental group were medially fed in 15 cages. By contrast, the mice in DD, EP, and PG groups were watered with distilled water, 50 mg.L-1 4NQO solution, and 1,2-propylene glycol solution. The mice in EP group were executed every two weeks from week 0, and the mice in the control groups were sacrificed at the 28th week. The mice were weighed. Mucosal lesions were measured by macroscopic observation and histopathologic detection.

RESULTSOne mouse in EP group died of unknown reason. The weight of the mice in EP group presented weight loss compared with the mice in DD and PG groups after the 24th week. Seventy-nine macroscopic lesions were observed in the lingual mucosa, oral floor, and upper palatal and buccal mucosa. A total of 70 macroscopic lesions (88.6%) were located in the lingual mucosa. Mucosal lesions changed from simple hyperplasia to squamous cell carcinomas. Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas were observed in all mice of EP group by pathological section at the 28th week. No lesion was found in the mice of DD and PG groups.

CONCLUSIONThe animal model of lingual squamous cell carcinomas was successfully established. The periods from 12th to 16th week and 20th to 28th week were the ideal times for the research on pathogenesis of early and medial-advanced stage during carcinogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas.

Objective This?study?aimed?to?induce?carcinogenesis?of?lingual?mucosa?in?C57BL/6?mice?by?feeding?them?4-nitroquinoline?1-oxide?(4NQO)?solution.?Methods???A?total?of?85?C57BL/6?mice?were?randomly?divided?into?distilled?water?control?group?(DD?group,?n=5),?1,2-propylene?glycol?control?group?(PG?group,?n=5),?and?experimental?group?(EP?group,?n=75).?The?mice?in?the?experimental?group?were?medially?fed?in?15?cages.?By?contrast,?the?mice?in?DD,?EP,?and?PG?groups?were?watered with distilled water, 50 mg·L-1?4NQO?solution,?and?1,2-propylene?glycol?solution.?The?mice?in?EP?group?were?executed?every?two?weeks?from?week?0,?and?the?mice?in?the?control?groups?were?sacrificed?at?the?28th?week.?The?mice?were?weighed.?Mucosal?lesions?were?measured?by?macroscopic?observation?and?histopathologic?detection.?Results???One?mouse?in?EP?group?died?of?unknown?reason.?The?weight?of?the?mice?in?EP?group?presented?weight?loss?compared?with?the?mice?in?DD?and?PG?groups?after?the?24th?week.?Seventy-nine?macroscopic?lesions?were?observed?in?the?lingual?mucosa,?oral?floor,?and?upper?palatal?and?buccal?mucosa.?A?total?of?70?macroscopic?lesions?(88.6%)?were?located?in?the?lingual?mucosa.?Mucosal?lesions?changed?from?simple?hyperplasia?to?squamous?cell?carcinomas.?Well-differentiated?squamous?cell?carcinomas?were?observed?in?all?mice?of?EP?group?by?pathological?section?at?the?28th?week.?No?lesion?was?found?in?the?mice?of?DD?and?PG?groups.?Conclusion?The?animal?model?of?lingual?squamous?cell?carcinomas?was?successfully?established.?The?periods?from?12th?to?16th?week?and?20th?to?28th?week?were?the?ideal?times?for?the?research?on?pathogenesis?of?early?and?medial-advanced?stage?during?carcinogenesis?of?squamous?cell?carcinomas.

Objective To investigate the accuracy of functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound on evaluation of the breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods Forty-eight patients with breast cancer who were confirmed by biopsy,undergoing 4 cycles weekly dose-concentrated programs (wPC) neoadjuvant chemotherapy,evaluated the efficacy by fMRI and contrastenhanced ultrasound.Results In pathology,complete remission was 12 cases (25.0％,12/48),non remission was 13 cases (27.1％,13/48).In contrast-enhanced ultrasound,complete remission was 20 cases (41.7％,20/48),non remission was 10 cases (20.8％,10/48).In fMRI,complete remission was 17 cases (35.4％,17/48),non remission was 11 cases (22.9％,11/48).The P values more than 0.05 showed no statistically significant among three methods,the Kappa test showed that fMRI were superior to contrastenhanced ultrasound on evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusions fMRI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used in evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,however,the data shows fMRI is superior to contrast-enhanced ultrasound.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound must be as the supplementary method.