BACKGROUND:Titanium implants are widely used in clinical practice because of their high strength and good biocompatibility.However,during implantation,bacterial infection and tissue damage environment produce a large number of reactive oxygen species,which can easily lead to delayed tissue healing and surgical failure.Consequently,the development of titanium implants with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties becomes paramount. OBJECTIVE:Considering the potent antimicrobial attributes of copper ions and the remarkable antioxidant qualities of polyphenols,we proposed the fabrication of polyphenol-mediated copper ion coatings on titanium surfaces.These coatings were subsequently assessed for their in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. METHODS:Nanostructures were generated on the titanium surface using the alkali thermal method.The titanium was immersed in a solution containing tannic acid and copper ions to achieve polyphenol-mediated copper ion coatings.The surface morphology and water contact angle were detected.The loading and release of copper ions were examined using atomic absorption spectroscopy.Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated on the surface of pure titanium sheet(blank group),alkali heat treated titanium sheet(control group),and polyphenol mediated copper ion modified titanium sheet(experimental group)to observe the bacterial survival status.Osteoblast precursor cells MC3T3-E1 were co-cultivated on the surface of three groups of titanium sheets to assess their antioxidant properties and bioactivity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scanning electron microscopy showed that the polyphenol-mediated copper ion modified titanium sheet had rod-like nanostructures and no cracks on the surface.The surface hydrophilicity of copper ion modified titanium sheet mediated by polyphenol was close to that of pure titanium sheet.Atomic absorption spectrometry results showed a 51%increase in the loading capacity of copper ions after polyphenol mediation,with a uniform release of copper ions.(2)The antibacterial rates of titanium sheets in the blank group,control group,and experimental group were 0%,21.65%,and 93.75%,respectively.The live/dead staining and CTC staining showed that the live bacteria on the surface of titanium plates in the blank group were the most,and the live bacteria on the surface of titanium plates in the experimental group were the least.(3)The results of live/dead staining and CCK-8 assay showed that the three groups of titanium sheets had good cytocompatibility,and the titanium sheets in the experimental group were more conducive to the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.Active oxygen fluorescence probe detection exhibited that compared with the other two groups,the fluorescence intensity of active oxygen on the surface of the experimental group was significantly reduced.The results of alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red S staining showed that the osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells on the surface of titanium sheets in the experimental group were stronger than those in the other two groups.(4)These results show that the polyphenol-mediated copper ion coating has strong antibacterial and antioxidant properties and promotes osteogenic differentiation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.013.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.013.].

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and independent risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and advanced chronic liver disease among the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population in the Shenyang community, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of T2DM combined with NAFLD.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2021. 644 T2DM cases from 13 communities in Heping District, Shenyang City were selected. All the surveyed subjects underwent physical examination (measurements of height, body mass index, neck circumference, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, hip circumference, and blood pressure), infection screening (excluding hepatitis B and C, AIDS, and syphilis), random fingertip blood glucose, controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM). The study subjects were divided into the non-advanced chronic liver disease group and the advanced chronic liver disease group according to whether the LSM value was greater than 10 kPa. Cirrhotic portal hypertension development was indicated in patients with LSM ≥ 15 kPa. The comparison of multiple mean values among the sample groups was performed by analysis of variance when the normal distribution was met.Results:In the T2DM community population, there were 401 cases (62.27%) combined with NAFLD, 63 cases (9.78%) combined with advanced chronic liver disease, and 14 cases (2.17%) combined with portal hypertension. There were 581 cases in the non-advanced chronic liver disease group and 63 cases (9.78%) in the advanced chronic liver disease group (LSM ≥10 kPa), including 49 cases (7.61%) with 10 kPa≤LSM<15 kPa, 11 cases (1.71%) with 15 kPa ≤LSM<25 kPa, and 3 cases (0.47%) with LSM ≥ 25 kPa. Age, body mass, body mass index, neck circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-height ratio, systolic blood pressure, and CAP were all statistically different between the non-advanced chronic liver disease group and the advanced chronic liver disease group ( F=-1.983,-2.598,-4.091,-2.062,-3.909, -4.581,-4.295,-2.474, and -5.191, respectively; P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in terms of whether or not there was combined cerebrovascular disease (2=4.632, P=0.031); however, there were no statistically significant differences in terms of lifestyle, diabetes complications, and other complications ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Patients with T2DM have a higher prevalence of NAFLD (62.27%) than those with advanced chronic liver disease (9.78%). 2.17% of T2DM cases in the community may not have had early diagnosis and early intervention, and they might have been combined with cirrhotic portal hypertension. So, the management of these patients should be strengthened.

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. We recently showed that TMEM16A is involved in hypertension-induced cerebrovascular remodeling. However, it is unclear whether this effect is related to the regulation of VSMC migration. Here, we investigated whether and how TMEM16A contributes to migration in basilar artery smooth muscle cells (BASMCs). We observed that AngII increased the migration of cultured BASMCs, which was markedly inhibited by overexpression of TMEM16A. TMEM16A overexpression inhibited AngII-induced RhoA/ROCK2 activation, and myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) and myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation. But AngII-induced myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activation was not affected by TMEM16A. Furthermore, a suppressed activation of integrin

Objective:To investigate the clinical application effect of latissimus dorsi muscle flap in reconstruction of muscle strength around shoulder after electric burns.Methods:From March 2014 to September 2020, 13 patients with electric burns and severe injury around shoulder were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, including 11 males and 2 females, aged 19-55 years. A retrospective observational study was conducted. The left upper limbs were injured in 8 cases, and the right upper limbs were injured in 5 cases, all with eschar wounds of Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree. Among which, there were biceps defects in 6 cases, deltoid defects in 3 cases, triceps defects in 2 cases, and composite defects of multiple muscles around shoulder in 2 cases. The surgery was carried out in two stages. In stage Ⅰ, debridement and exploration of electric burn wounds around shoulders were conducted to preserve local tissue and save the limb as much as possible on the premise of guaranteeing the stability of the body condition. After the last debridement, the wound area was from 10 cm×6 cm to 40 cm×15 cm, the muscle defect area was from 8 cm×4 cm to 19 cm×12 cm, and the humerus was exposed in 7 patients. In stage Ⅱ, according to the residual limb defect degree, muscle reconstruction around shoulder was conducted with the latissimus dorsi muscle flap, and area of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap was 15 cm×6 cm to 20 cm×18 cm. The residual wounds were repaired with autologous split-thickness skin grafts of head, and the donor sites of muscle flaps were sutured directly. The survivals of the muscle flaps and wounds closure post operation, and the appearances of the donor sites and recipient sites during follow-up were observed. At the last follow-up, the shoulder joint function was evaluated using the trial standard for the evaluation of the functions of the upper limbs of the Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association, and the satisfaction degrees of patients for appearance and function recoveries of shoulder were investigated by self-made questionnaire with reference to the concise test scoring system of shoulder joint.Results:All of the 13 muscle flaps around shoulder survived after surgery. Two patients had residual wounds in the skin grafting area, the wound in one of the patients was healed after dressing change, and the wound in the other 1 patient was healed with the second autologous split-thickness skin grafting on head after dressing change. During follow-up of 6 to 18 months for all the patients, the muscle flaps of patients were full in appearance and not bloated, and atrophic scar in the repaired area was soft in texture and closed with normal skin around. Linear suture scars were left in the donor sites of muscle flaps, which did not affect the overall appearance. At the last follow-up, the active abduction range of the shoulder joint was 60-90°, upward lift on 120-180°, muscle strength recovered to level Ⅳ and above in 8 cases and to level Ⅲ in 5 cases, and the shoulder joint function was evaluated as excellent in 8 cases and good in 5 cases; 10 patients were very satisfied and 3 patients were satisfied with the appearance and function recovery of the shoulders.Conclusions:The application of latissimus dorsi muscle flap provides a better choice for the muscle strength reconstruction around shoulder after electric burns, with good appearance of the operative areas and ideal prognosis of upper limb function.

Objective:To observe the clinical effects of bridge-type continuous negative pressure suction in postoperative fixation of upper limb soft tissue defect wound repaired with pedicled abdominal flap.Methods:The retrospective observational study was conducted. From April 2018 to October 2020, ninety-five patients who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, including 55 males and 40 females, aged 5-78 years, with a defect wound area of 82 (9, 216) cm 2. All patients underwent abdominal flap repair for soft tissue defects of hand and forearm. According to the different fixation methods adopted in the operation area, the patients were divided into negative pressure group ( n=48) and plaster group ( n=47). Wounds of the injury sites of patients in the 2 groups were repaired by flap transplantation after debridement. The negative pressure suction device was placed after dry gauze dressing to form a "bridge" to fix the affected upper limb and chest and abdomen in negative pressure group. Patients in plaster group were treated with conventional dry gauze matting and plaster fixation. On post surgery day (PSD) 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14, flap blood circulation and pain intensity of patients in the 2 groups were calculated by self-made blood flow scoring scale and Changhai Pain Ruler, respectively. On PSD 5, the common complications in operative area and surrounding skin were observed and their incidences were calculated. On PSD 7, satisfaction degree of patients was scored. During follow-up of one month after pedicle division, the appearance and functional recovery of the affected limb were observed. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement, independent samples t est, Cochran & Cox approximate t test, chi-square test, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results:On PSD 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14, the flap blood circulation scores of patients in negative pressure group did not change significantly, while that of patients in plaster group showed a time-dependent decrease, and the flap blood circulation scores of patients in negative pressure group were significantly higher than those in plaster group ( t=2.259, 2.552, 2.784, 2.821, 3.003, P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were no significant changes in the pain intensity scores of patients in negative pressure group, while those of patients in plaster group increased in a time-dependent manner, and the pain intensity scores of patients in negative pressure group were significantly lower than those in plaster group ( t=-4.818, -4.944, -5.011, -5.976, -6.721, P<0.05). On PSD 5, the incidences of common complications in operative area and surrounding skin of patients in negative pressure group were significantly lower than those in plaster group ( χ2=6.773, 5.269, P<0.05 or P<0.01). On PSD 7, the satisfaction score of patients in negative pressure group was 14.7±1.1, which was significantly higher than 7.4±1.8 in plaster group ( t=23.934, P<0.01). During follow-up of one month after pedicle division, the appearance and function of the affected limb of patients in the 2 groups recovered well. Conclusions:After repairing the upper limb soft tissue defect wound with pedicled abdominal flap, the bridge-type continuous negative-pressure suction fixation can effectively immobilize the affected limbs, chest and abdomen, reduce the incidence of common complications in the operative area and surrounding skin, relieve the pain of immobilization of patients, improve the blood circulation of flap and patient's satisfaction. Thus, it is an effective, portable, comfortable, and easy-to-operate method.