BackgroundAs a high prevalence disorder， schizophrenia has caused significant burden to family and society due to the impairment of occupational and social function. Currently， the dominant vocational training model in China follows a paternalistic， clinician-led decision-making approach. Although it improves patients' social function to some extent， it undermines their autonomy and treatment adherence. Therefore， it is urgently necessary to explore a new intervention method to enhance treatment compliance and social function in patients. ObjectiveTo explore the impact of shared decision-making oriented vocational training on social function in hospitalized schizophrenia patients， so as to provide references for rehabilitation interventions. MethodsA total of 68 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） criteria were consecutively enrolled from January to June 2024 at The Third People's Hospital of Wenjiang Distric， Chengdu. Participants were randomly allocated into the research group （n=34） and the control group （n=34） using a random number table method. Both groups received routine rehabilitation training， while the research group received shared decision-making oriented vocational training for 12 weeks， 2 times a week for 2 hours each time. Before and at the 4^th and 12^th week of intervention， two groups were evaluated by General Self-Efficacy Scale （GSES）， Stigma Scale for Mental Illness （SSMI）， Scale of Social function of Psychosis Inpatients （SSFPI） and Inpatient Psychiatric Rehabilitation Outcome Scale （IPROS）. ResultsA total of 63 participants completed the study， with 30 cases in the research group and 33 cases in the control group. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed statistically significant time effects and interaction effects in both groups for GSES， SSMI， SSFPI and IPROS scores （F=20.451， 16.022； 26.193， 12.944； 23.957， 5.023； 11.776， 3.985， P<0.05 or 0.01）， while no significant group effects were observed （F=0.188， 0.742， 1.878， 0.474， P>0.05）. At the 12^th week of intervention， there were statistically significant differences in GSES， SSMI， SSFPI and IPROS scores between the two groups. ConclusionShared decision-making oriented vocational training may help to improve social function in patients with schizophrenia. ［Funded by 2023 Chengdu Medical Research Project （number， 2023468）］

Objective To evaluate the relationship between diabetic nephropathy(DN)and diabetic retinopathy(DR)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)based on imaging and clinical testing data.Methods Totally 600 T2DM patients who visited the First People's Hospital of Ziyang from March 2021 to December 2022 were included.The fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography were performed on all these patients and their age,gender,T2DM duration,cardiovascular diseases,cerebrovascular disease,hypertension,smoking history,drinking history,body mass in-dex,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and other clinical data were collected.The levels of fasting blood glu-cose(FPG),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipo-protein cholesterol(LDL-C),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),24 h urinary albumin(UAlb),urinary albumin to creati-nine ratio(ACR),serum creatinine(Scr)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)were measured.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors associated with DR.DR staging was performed according to fundus images,and the convolutional neural network(CNN)algorithm was used as an image analysis method to explore the correlation between DR and DN based on emission computed tomography(ECT)and clinical testing data.Results The average lesion area rates of DR and DN detected by the CNN in the non-DR,mild-non-proliferative DR(NPDR),moderate-NPDR,severe-NPDR and pro-liferative DR(PDR)groups were higher than those obtained by the traditional algorithm(TCM).As DR worsened,the Scr,BUN,24 h UAlb and ACR gradually increased.Besides,the incidence of DN in the non-DR,mild-NPDR,moderate-NPDR,severe-NPDR and PDR groups was 1.67％,8.83％,16.16％,22.16％and 30.83％,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of T2DM,smoking history,HbA1c,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,24 h UAlb,Scr,BUN,ACR and glomerular filtration rate(GFR)were independent risk factors for DR.Renal dynamic ECT analysis demonstrated that with the aggravation of DR,renal blood flow perfusion gradually decreased,resulting in diminished renal filtration.Conclusion The application of CCN in the early stage DR and DN image analysis of T2DM patients will improve the diag-nosis accuracy of DR and DN lesion area.The DN is worsening as the aggravation of DR.

Objective To investigate the role of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)/Mer tyrosine kinase(MerTK)signaling pathway in ferroptosis in diabetes retinopathy(DR).Methods Human retinal pigment epithelial cells(ARPE-19)were divided into control group,HG group,HG+sh-Gas6 group,and HG+Gas6 group.Cells were exposed to 25 mmol/L D-glucose for simulating an in vitro hyperglycemic(HG)environment.The control group was exposed to a 20 mmol/L mannitol+5.5 mmol/L glucose environment.Rats were randomly divided into normal control group,DR group,and DR+Gas6 group,with 20 rats in each group.A DR model was established by intra-peritoneal injection of STZ solution.Cell proliferation was evaluated using the cell count kit 8(CCK-8)assay.Lip-id reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were measured by flow cytometry,and levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were measured by biochemical assays to eval-uate iron death.The expression of Gas6 and MerTK proteins was analyzed by Western blot.Results Compared with HG group,the cell viability,SOD,GSH-Px levels in HG+Gas6 group increased significantly(P＜0.05),while the levels of lipid-ROS and MDA decreased significantly(P＜0.05).In HG+sh-Gas6 group,the cell via-bility,SOD and GSH-Px levels decreased significantly(P＜0.05),while the levels of lipid-ROS and MDA in-creased significantly(P＜0.05).In addition,the expression of GPX4 protein in HG+Gas6 group was significant-ly higher than that in HG group(P＜0.05),and the expression of GPX4 protein in HG+sh-Gas6 group was sig-nificantly lower than that in HG group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the average thickness of reti-nal nerve fiber layer in DR group significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while that in DR+Gas6 group increased sig-nificantly(P＜0.05).In addition,the levels of MDA and iron in retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)tissues of DR+Gas6 group decreased significantly(P＜0.05),while the levels of GSH and the expressions of Gas6,MerTK and GPX4 proteins increased significantly(P＜0.05).Conclusion HG treatment accelerates the clearance of GPX4 by inhibiting the Gas6/MerTK signaling pathway,inducing ferroptosis and cell growth inhibition in ARPE-19 cells.In addition,up-regulating the expression of Gas6/MerTK signal in DR rat retina can alleviate ferroptosis and oxidative stress in RPE tissue,and help to restore the average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.

177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China.Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints,the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.

Endodontic diseases are a kind of chronic infectious oral disease.Common endodontic treatment concepts are based on the removal of inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and the replacement by gutta-percha.However,it is very essential for endodontic treatment to debride the root canal system and prevent the root canal system from bacterial reinfection after root canal therapy(RCT).Recent research,encompassing bacterial etiology and advanced imaging techniques,contributes to our understanding of the root canal system's anatomy intricacies and the technique sensitivity of RCT.Success in RCT hinges on factors like patients,infection severity,root canal anatomy,and treatment techniques.Therefore,improving disease management is a key issue to combat endodontic diseases and cure periapical lesions.The clinical difficulty assessment system of RCT is established based on patient conditions,tooth conditions,root canal configuration,and root canal needing retreatment,and emphasizes pre-treatment risk assessment for optimal outcomes.The findings suggest that the presence of risk factors may correlate with the challenge of achieving the high standard required for RCT.These insights contribute not only to improve education but also aid practitioners in treatment planning and referral decision-making within the field of endodontics.

Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment.However,irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear.The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved,impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes.Additionally,ambiguous clinical indications for root canal medication and non-standardized dressing protocols must be clarified.Inappropriate intracanal medication may present side effects and jeopardize the therapeutic outcomes.Indeed,clinicians have been aware of these concerns for years.Based on the current evidence of studies,this article reviews the properties of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments and elucidates their effectiveness and interactions.The evolution of different kinetic irrigation methods,their effects,limitations,the paradigm shift,current indications,and effective operational procedures regarding intracanal medication are also discussed.This expert consensus aims to establish the clinical operation guidelines for root canal irrigation and a position statement on intracanal medication,thus facilitating a better understanding of infection control,standardizing clinical practice,and ultimately improving the success of endodontic therapy.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of TACE combined with propranolol for treating giant infantile hepatic hemangioma(IHH).Methods Ten infants with giant IHH who underwent TACE combined with propranolol were retrospectively enrolled.The technical success rate,complications and recurrence were recorded.The therapeutic effect was evaluated according to clinical symptoms and changes of IHH volume before and 6 months after TACE.Results Totally 15 times of TACE were successfully performed in 10 infants,with technical success rate of 100%.Bleomycin-lipiodol emulsion+poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)+coil embolization were performed in 3 cases,while bleomycin-lipiodol emulsion+PVA embolization were performed in 7 cases.Complications of TACE included subcutaneous hematoma around the puncture site in 1 case and transient hypothermia within 24 h after TACE in 2 cases,all alleviated after symptomatic treatments.No other complication occurred.Six months after the last TACE,significantly effective was observed in 9 cases(9/10,90.00%),while effective was noticed in 1 case(1/10,10.00%),with total therapeutic effective rate of 100%.No serious complication such as gallbladder necrosis,liver necrosis,death,nor recurrence of hepatic hemangioma occurred during follow-up.Conclusion TACE combined with propranolol was effective and safe for treating giant IHH.

Objective To develop an effective method for delivering VEGF and CD47 double-modified exosomes to treat renal damage induced by heat stroke so as to reduce and repair renal damage.Methods A plasmid fusion-expressing VEGF and CD47 targeting renal injury was constructed,transfected into rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs),and then fusion-exosomes were isolated and extracted.Transmission electron microscopy,nanoparticle tracking analysis,and Western blotting were used to identify the obtained exosomes.Rats were intravenously injected with 200 μg of DiD-labeled unmodified exosomes,VEGF-modified exosomes and VEGF-CD47 double-modified exosomes,respectively,through the tail vein,and the effects of exosomes on the kidneys were detected and analyzed using a small animal in vivo imaging instrument.A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups,with 10 rats in each group,that is,blank control group (group A),heat stroke-induced renal injury model receiving PBS in 12,24 and 36 h after modelling (group B),empty plasmid group (group C),Exos group (group D),ExosVEGF group (group E) and ExosVEGF-CD47.Kidney tissue and blood samples were collected in 72 h after 3 times of treatment.Pathological changes in kidney tissue were observed at the tissue level and the damage were scored.Changes in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN)and serum creatinine (Scr)levels were detected to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to analyze the expression of the pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and NF-κB,the proliferation regulatory signaling molecules Ki67,FGF2,pAMPK and pERK,and the fibrosis regulatory molecule FGF23,in order to comprehensively analyze the effects on proliferation and inhibition of fibrosis.Results BMMSCs and ExosVEGF-CD47 were successfully isolated and characterized,and a rat model of acute kidney injury was effectively constructed.Higher fluorescence intensity was found in the kidney tissue of the Exos VEGF-CD47group than the Exos-Ctrl group and Exos VEGF group (P<0.05).In 72 h after treatment,the ExosVEGF-CD47 group had significantly lower serum BUN and Scr levels (P<0.0001),and notably lower Tubular casts score (P<0.0001),decreased levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and NF-κB (P<0.0001),up-regulated Ki67 and FGF2 expression (P<0.05),and down-regulated FGF23 expression (P<0.0001)when compared with the AKI+Exos group and AKI+ExosVEGF group.Conclusion VEGF and CD47 show promise in targeting acute kidney injury induced by heat stroke,effectively mitigate damage and facilitate repair,which may be due to exosome-mediated inhibition of renal tissue inflammation,promotion of proliferation,and inhibition of fibrosis.

Objective:To investigate the difference of condylar bone density,volume and surface area in adult female patients with different vertical skeletal features of skeletal Class Ⅱ.Methods:This study was a retrospective case-control study.150 female patients aged 18-30 years were included as the subjects.Lateral cephalic radiographs were measured and the cases with high angle,average an-gle and low angle of skeletal Class Ⅱ were included and respectively grouped(n=50),the CBCT images were collected,the condyles were reconstructed by Mimics Reseach 20.0 software,the bone density,volume and surface area of the condyles were measured.Univa-riate analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used to compare the difference of condyle measurements among the 3 groups.Results:The overall difference of condylar bone density,volume and surface area among the 3 groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Pair-wise comparison showed that the condyle bone mineral density in high angle group was lower than that in average angle group(P＜0.05),in average angle group was lower than that in low angle group(P＜0.05),in high angle group was lower than that in low angle group(P＜0.001).Condyle volume and surface area in high angle group were lower than those in low angle group(P＜0.05),in aver-age angle group was lower than those in low angle group(P＜0.001),in high angle group was lower than those in average angle group(P＞0.05).Conclusion:The condyle bone density,volume and surface area of the different vertical skeletal features of skeletal class Ⅱ in adult female patients are different.

Objective:To construct an effectiveness evaluation model of internal control of medical equipment in public hospitals based on fuzzy analytic network process(F-ANP),and to improve the level of internal control management of medical equipment in hospitals.Methods:Through literature research and analysis,based on the internal control theory system of The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission(COSO),combined with the characteristics of medical equipment management in public hospitals,the effectiveness evaluation model of internal control of medical equipment in public hospitals was established by F-ANP,which was combining analytic network process(ANP)and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.An empirical analysis was carried out on the internal control of medical equipment in Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University.Results:The index system for model evaluation included 5 first-level indicators of control environment,risk evaluation,control activities,information exchange,and supervision mechanism,17 second-level indicators,and 50 third-level indicators.The model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of internal control of medical equipment in the hospital,its maximum membership value was 0.133 7,and the result was"relatively effective",indicating that the construction and implementation of internal control of medical equipment in the hospital were relatively perfect,while the management of scrapping of medical equipment,cost control and equipment informatization construction still need to be improved.Conclusion:The effectiveness evaluation model of internal control of medical equipment of public hospitals based on F-ANP can provide certain reference value for evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control of medical equipment in public hospitals,which is conducive to standardizing internal control of medical equipment,promoting the fine management of medical equipment and ensuring the safety of medical equipment assets.