Objective To investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infections among patients with hematological diseases, so as to provide insights into improving the prognosis and quality of life among patients with hematological diseases. Methods A total of 240 patients with hematological diseases (including 170 patients with hematological tumors and 70 patients with non-tumor hematological diseases) admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University during the period from January 1, 2021 through October 10, 2023 and 500 healthy volunteers in the hospital during the same period were enrolled. Subjects’ demographics and serum samples were collected, and serum specific IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii were detected using the chemiluminescence assay, with any of a positive IgG or IgM antibody defined as a positive T. gondii infection. The seroprevalence of specific IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii was compared between patients with hematological diseases and healthy volunteers. Results The mean age (F = 2.034, P > 0.05) and gender distribution (χ² = 0.462, P > 0.05) were comparable among patients with hematological tumors, patients with non-tumor hematological diseases and healthy volunteers, and there was no significant difference in the proportion of history of cat or dog contacts between patients with hematological diseases and healthy volunteers (χ² = 0, P > 0.05). The seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibody was significantly higher among patients with hematological diseases than among healthy volunteers (15.8% vs. 0.6%; χ² = 71.902, P < 0.01), and there was a significant difference in the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibody among patients with hematological tumors (18.2%), patients with non-tumor hematological diseases (10.0%) and healthy volunteers (χ² = 78.327, P < 0.01). The seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibody was significantly higher among patients with hematological tumors and non-tumor hematological diseases than among healthy volunteers (both P values < 0.05), while no significant difference was seen in the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibody between patients with hematological tumors and non-tumor hematological diseases (P > 0.05). In addition, the proportion of history of cat or dog contacts was significantly higher among patients with hematological diseases that were positive for serum anti-T. gondii anti-body than among those negative for serum anti-T. gondii antibody (21.1% vs. 5.4%; χ² = 8.653, P < 0.05). Conclusions There is a high seroprevalene rate of T. gondii infections among hematological diseases, which is significantly greater than that among healthy volunteers.

The online and offline hybrid teaching model of evidence-based medicine (EBM) is currently in the stage of development. Previous teaching focused on the teaching process in the classroom, and did not organically combine all the course contents before, during, and after class. The BOPPPS model can be used to establish coherence and integrity in the EBM teaching process. Considering the discipline characteristics and teaching objectives of EBM, this study initially explored and designed a BOPPPS-based online and offline hybrid teaching model. Taking the "diagnostic evidence" module as an example, the teaching implementation details were introduced. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to conduct baseline survey and follow-up survey on students before and after class to evaluate the teaching model and effect. The surveys showed that half of the students (77/154) preferred the new online and offline hybrid teaching model of EBM. The students found that all aspects of BOPPPS teaching were generally acceptable and satisfactory. Compared with before teaching, the students' proficiency in EBM was significantly improved after the teaching ( P<0.001), particularly in their ability to retrieve literature and evaluate the quality of evidence, which is of great significance for expanding their knowledge and clinical thinking.

Gegen Qinliantang is a representative prescription for dual releasing of exterior and interior and treating diarrhea with fever in the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases （《伤寒杂病论》）. This prescription consists of Puerariae Lobatae Radix， Scutellariae Radix， Coptidis Rhizoma， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle. The combination of the four herbal medicines has the ability to clear both the exterior and the interior， thereby halting diarrhea and clearing heat. According to the idea of treating different diseases with the same method， Gegen Qinliantang is used in clinical practice to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）， which demonstrates positive outcomes. T2DM is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. The etiology and pathogenesis of T2DM are complex， mainly related to heredity， lifestyle， environment， diet and other factors. Clinical observations and experimental studies have shown that Gegen Qinliantang and its effective ingredients have significant effects of preventing and treating T2DM. Clinically， Gegen Qinliantang is often applied with modification， or in combination with Western drugs， demonstrating better therapeutic effects than Western drugs alone. Clinical practice has confirmed that Gegen Qinliantang can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms， reduce the occurrence of complications， and alleviate gastrointestinal adverse reactions in T2DM patients. Experimental studies have demonstrated that Gegen Qinliantang can ameliorate insulin resistance and boost pancreatic function by regulating the insulin and inflammation signaling pathways， alleviating oxidative stress， and modulating gut microbiota to treat T2DM. Nevertheless， more thorough studies remain to be carried out to decipher the mechanism of Gegen Qinliantang in ameliorating insulin resistance in T2DM. To provide theoretical and data references for the subsequent in-depth research on the mechanism of Gegen Qinliantang in treating T2DM and the prevention and treatment of this disease， this article systematically reviews the clinical and experimental research progress of Gegen Qinliantang in ameliorating insulin resistance in T2DM.

Objective To evaluate the measurement uncertainty of endocrine test items by"top-down"method.Methods The"top-down"method in the technical report of CNAS-CL01-G003:2021"Medical Laboratory-Evaluation and Expression of Measurement Uncertainty"was used,collecting the laboratory's internal quality control data and the external quality assurance results of Beijing Clinical Laboratory Center from 2019 to 2021.To evaluate the measurement uncertainty of 11 endocrine tests including free triiodothyronine(FT3),total triiodothyronine(TT3)and free thyroxine(FT4).Results The relative expanded uncertainties of 11 endocrine test items in laboratory were FT3:12.658％,TT3:13.372％,FT4:10.468％,total thyroxine(TT4):32.382％,thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH):8.594％,estradiol(E2):18.656％,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH):14.650％,luteinizing hormone(LH):29.384％,progesterone(PRO):28.806％,prolactin(PRL):13.810％and testosterone(TESTO):31.610％.At the normal concentration level,the relative expanded uncertainties were FT3:12.424％,TT3:12.462％,FT4:8.606％,TT4:14.130％,TSH:12.536％,E2:19.586％,FSH:14.382％,LH:23.400％,PRO:38.346％,PRL:16.014％and TESTO:39.352％.The relative expanded uncertainties at high concentration levels are FT3:13.882％,TT3:14.096％,FT4:11.040％,TT4:8.614％,TSH:7.782％,E2:14.366％,FSH:13.436％,LH:14.804％,PRO:11.574％,PRL:17.742％,TESTO:39.322％.The relative extended measurement uncertainty of TT4,LH near low concentration levels,PRO near low and normal concentration levels,and TESTO near three concentration levels was higher than the target uncertainty(25％),and the remaining items are less than the target uncertainty.Conclusion The quality control data in the laboratory can reflect the measurement uncertainty of 11 endocrine detection items including FT3,TT3 and FT4 in Abbott i2000SR automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer,which has important clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of segmental decompression combined with corrective short-segment fusion surgery for the treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis.Methods In total,124 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis were selected and divided into short-and long-segment fusion groups using the random number table method,with 62 patients in each group.Posterior short-segment decompression,fixation,and fusion were performed in the short-segment fusion group;the fusion segment was the adjacent lumbar vertebra.Posterior long-segment decompression,fixation,and fusion were performed in the long-segment fusion group;the fusion segments included multiple adjacent lumbar vertebrae.At the 6th month after surgery,the coronal Cobb angle of lumbar convexity,sagittal Cobb angle of lumbar lordosis,intervertebral foramen height,intervertebral space height,intervertebral foramen area,spinal canal area,spinal canal diameter,Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA)score,Oswestry Disability Index(ODI),degree of pain in the lower back and lower limbs,and postoperative complications were compared between the groups.Results The Cobb angle of the coronal lumbar scoliosis in the short-and long-segment fusion groups was significantly higher than that before surgery(P<0.05).At the 6th month after surgery,the intervertebral foramen height,intervertebral space height,intervertebral foramen area,spinal canal area,and spinal canal diameter in both groups increased,and those in the short-segment fusion group were higher than those in the long-segment fusion group(P<0.05);at the 6th month after the operation,the JOA scores of the short-segment and long-segment fusion groups were higher than those before surgery,and the JOA score of the short-segment fusion group was higher than that of the long-segment fusion group(P<0.05).The ODI score was lower than that before surgery in the short-and long-segment fusion groups,and the ODI score in the short-segment fusion group was lower than that in the long-segment fusion group(P<0.05).At the 6th month after surgery,the pain scores of the lower back and lower limbs in the short-and long-segment fusion groups were significantly higher than those before surgery(P<0.05).There were two cases of dural tears during decompression caused by lamina dura adhesion in the long-segment fusion group,and no serious complications were observed in the short-segment fusion group.Conclusions Both short-and long-segment decompression fixation fusion using a posterior approach can achieve good therapeutic effects for treating degenerative lumbar scoliosis.However,compared to the long-segment fusion group,the short-segment fusion group undergoing short-segment decompression fixation fusion through a posterior approach had a shorter surgical period,lower intraoperative blood loss,better recovery of lumbar function,and a lower risk of postoperative complications.

Objective:To investigate the application value of major anatomical structure recognition model of minimally invasive liver resection based on deep learning.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The 31 surgical videos of laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy performed in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2019 to April 2023 were collected. Video clips containing the surgical procedure of left lateral lobe liver pedicle and left hepatic vein were screened by 2 liver surgeons. After quality control, screening and frame extraction, the major anatomical structures on the images of these clips were annotated. After pre-processing, these images were transported to the DeepLab v3+neural network framework for model training. Observation indicators: (1) video annotation and classification; (2) results of arti-ficial intelligence anatomical recognition model testing. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Video annotation and classification. A total of 4 130 frames of images were annotated in the 31 surgical videos, including 2 083 frames of annotated images for the left lateral lobe liver pedicle, 1 578 frames of annotated images for the left hepatic vein and 469 frames of annotated images for both the left lateral lobe liver pedicle and left hepatic vein. (2) Results of artificial intelligence anatomical recognition model testing. In four application scenarios (clean scene, bloodstain scene, partially obstruction by instrument scene, and small exposed area scene), the model was able to successfully recognize the left lateral lobe liver pedicle and left hepatic vein, with a recognition speed for anatomical markers >13 frames/s. When performing anatomical recognition on images with only the left lateral lobe liver pedicle, the Dice coefficient, intersection over union, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the model were 0.710±0.110, 0.560±0.120, 0.980±0.010, 0.640±0.030, and 0.980±0.010, respectively. The above indicators of the model were 0.670±0.180, 0.530±0.200, 0.980±0.010, 0.600±0.040, and 0.990±0.010 when performing anatomical recognition on images with only the left hepatic vein, and 0.580±0.180, 0.430±0.190, 0.980±0.010, 0.580±0.020, and 0.990±0.010 when per-forming anatomical recognition on images with both the left lateral lobe liver pedicle and left hepatic vein.Conclusion:The major anatomical structure recognition model of minimally invasive liver resection based on deep learning can be applied in identifying liver pedicle and hepatic vein.

Objective:To summarize the clinical diagnosis and treatment process of breast implant associated-anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) in symptomatic patients with textured breast implants in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in order to provide reference for the management of such patients in China.Methods:From January 2019 to September 2021, 23 symptomatic patients with textured breast implants were admitted to the Peking Union Medical College Hospital, aged 29-52 years, with an average of 36.2 years. All patients agreed to remove the prosthesis by surgery, and accepted cytology, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical examination of the fluid around the implants and capsule tissue before or during the operation to complete the BIA-ALCL screening process.Results:All 23 patients presented with unilateral periprosthetic fluid accumulation, with fluid volume ranging from 20 to 130 ml, of which 7 cases were combined with periprosthetic contracture. No tumor cells were found in the pathological findings of effusion and the capsule tissue, and the BIA-ALCL pathologic screening results (CD 30 and ALK) were all negative. No bleeding, infection, wound dehiscence and other complications occurred after the operation.Conclusions:A personalized clinical process should be developed for symptomatic patients with textured breast implants. Attention should be paid to imaging and pathological examinations.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of thromboelastogram in early diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing free flap surgery of lower extremity.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 192 patients undergoing surgical repair of soft tissue defects at lower extremity with free anterolateral femoral flap at Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital from January 2018 to June 2022. There were 117 males and 75 females, with an age of (45.6±12.7) years and an area of skin defects ranging from 5 cm × 3 cm to 18 cm × 9 cm. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether DVT occurred on the first day after surgery. In the DVT group of 22 patients, there were 14 males and 8 females, with an age of (47.7±14.3) years; in the DVT-free group of 170 patients, there were 103 males and 67 females, with an age of (45.3±12.5) years. The 2 groups were compared in terms of reaction time, coagulation time, maximum amplitude and coagulation angle in the thromboelastogram. Diagram of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluate the predictive value of thromboelastography in assessing the risk of DVT after surgery.Results:The 2 groups were comparable because there was no significant difference in the baseline information or operation time between them ( P>0.05). The reaction time [(5.21±0.85) min] and coagulation time [(1.12±0.30) min] in the DVT group were significantly shorter than those in the DVT-free group [(6.48±0.06) min and (1.60±0.03) min], and the maximum amplitude [(71.45±1.17) mm] and coagulation angle [69.54° (64.59°, 76.64°) ] in the DVT group were significantly larger than those in the DVT-free group [(66.63±0.40) mm and 64.92°(54.11°, 74.21°)] (all P<0.05). The optimal cut-off points in the ROC diagram were 5.46 min at reaction time, 1.52 min at coagulation time, 72.31 mm at maximum amplitude and 59.89° at coagulation angle. The sensitivity and specificity of detecting DVT on the first day after surgery were 80.7% and 71.6%, respectively, according to the combination of the best cut-off points in the ROC diagram and all the indexes in the thromboelastogram. Conclusion:Thromboelastogram is of a great value for the diagnosis of lower extremity DVT, and of a positive significance for the prevention of serious complications after surgery in patients undergoing free flap surgery of lower extremity.

Objective:To explore the construction and application methods of multicenter bone tumor-specific database.Methods:Experts from multiple centers including Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital established a standard dataset for bone tumors through research and discussion. Clinical data will be automatically collected and standardized according to standard fields. A database will be built and a users' interface will be developed to ensure secure data storage, while providing services such as exporting raw data, visualizing statistical analysis, establishing clinical queue research projects, et al. Finally, the bone tumor database will be shared by integrating with the Shenkang's Big Data Platform to achieve multi-center data integration.Results:A standard data set for bone tumors containing 603 fields has been established and published. An automated data collection system for bone tumors has been established, including complete data collection, data collation and visualization functions. The data categories include modules such as patients' electronic case information, laboratory information on blood routine, biochemistry and tumor markers, imaging information, surgery information, pathology information and radiotherapy records. Personal information such as patients' names and ID numbers are desensitized and encrypted and can be exported for further research. From 2015 to 2023, the total number of bone tumor cases collected in the database was 10,789. From 2015 to 2019, 112 cases of the osteosarcoma cohort were retrospectively analyzed for admission, with a statistical 5-year survival rate of 68%.Conclusion:A regional bone tumor specialty big data network and data sharing platform has been established, along with data sharing mechanisms and standards including data standards, security standards, and quality evaluation standards. This provides data and efficient new solutions for the construction of China's bone tumor database, as well as a research and development platform for standardized diagnosis and treatment of bone tumors and new technologies.

Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Insulin Resistance ; Metformin/therapeutic use* ; Phosphatidate Phosphatase ; Pioglitazone/therapeutic use* ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/genetics*