Background: Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor that has a high tendency to metastasis to the bone, leading to cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). Ghrelin can not only stimulate appetite and regulate energy balance, but also alleviate CIBP by inducing NPY expression. Octanoic acid (OA), a type of medium chain fatty acids, provides an energy substrate and promotes acylation of ghrelin. However, it remains to be elucidated whether an OA-rich diet can alleviate CIBP by activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Methods: First, thirty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham, CIBP, CIBP + OA (20), CIBP + OA (40), CIBP + OA (60) and CIBP + OA (80) groups to investigate the effects of diets with different ratios of OA on CIBP and the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Next, a ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) inhibitor was exogenously administered to investigate whether an OA-rich diet alleviated CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Results: An OA-rich diet significantly alleviated nociceptive behaviors and increased the levels of acyl-ghrelin and NPY in a dose-dependent manner in cancer-bearing rats. With the exogenous administration of the GOAT inhibitor, the beneficial effects of an OA-rich diet on the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway and its pain-relieving effects were attenuated. Conclusions An OA-rich diet could alleviate CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acylghrelin/NPY pathway.

Background: Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor that has a high tendency to metastasis to the bone, leading to cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). Ghrelin can not only stimulate appetite and regulate energy balance, but also alleviate CIBP by inducing NPY expression. Octanoic acid (OA), a type of medium chain fatty acids, provides an energy substrate and promotes acylation of ghrelin. However, it remains to be elucidated whether an OA-rich diet can alleviate CIBP by activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Methods: First, thirty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham, CIBP, CIBP + OA (20), CIBP + OA (40), CIBP + OA (60) and CIBP + OA (80) groups to investigate the effects of diets with different ratios of OA on CIBP and the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Next, a ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) inhibitor was exogenously administered to investigate whether an OA-rich diet alleviated CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Results: An OA-rich diet significantly alleviated nociceptive behaviors and increased the levels of acyl-ghrelin and NPY in a dose-dependent manner in cancer-bearing rats. With the exogenous administration of the GOAT inhibitor, the beneficial effects of an OA-rich diet on the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway and its pain-relieving effects were attenuated. Conclusions An OA-rich diet could alleviate CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acylghrelin/NPY pathway.

Background: Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor that has a high tendency to metastasis to the bone, leading to cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). Ghrelin can not only stimulate appetite and regulate energy balance, but also alleviate CIBP by inducing NPY expression. Octanoic acid (OA), a type of medium chain fatty acids, provides an energy substrate and promotes acylation of ghrelin. However, it remains to be elucidated whether an OA-rich diet can alleviate CIBP by activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Methods: First, thirty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham, CIBP, CIBP + OA (20), CIBP + OA (40), CIBP + OA (60) and CIBP + OA (80) groups to investigate the effects of diets with different ratios of OA on CIBP and the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Next, a ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) inhibitor was exogenously administered to investigate whether an OA-rich diet alleviated CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Results: An OA-rich diet significantly alleviated nociceptive behaviors and increased the levels of acyl-ghrelin and NPY in a dose-dependent manner in cancer-bearing rats. With the exogenous administration of the GOAT inhibitor, the beneficial effects of an OA-rich diet on the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway and its pain-relieving effects were attenuated. Conclusions An OA-rich diet could alleviate CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acylghrelin/NPY pathway.

Background: Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor that has a high tendency to metastasis to the bone, leading to cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). Ghrelin can not only stimulate appetite and regulate energy balance, but also alleviate CIBP by inducing NPY expression. Octanoic acid (OA), a type of medium chain fatty acids, provides an energy substrate and promotes acylation of ghrelin. However, it remains to be elucidated whether an OA-rich diet can alleviate CIBP by activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Methods: First, thirty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham, CIBP, CIBP + OA (20), CIBP + OA (40), CIBP + OA (60) and CIBP + OA (80) groups to investigate the effects of diets with different ratios of OA on CIBP and the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Next, a ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) inhibitor was exogenously administered to investigate whether an OA-rich diet alleviated CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Results: An OA-rich diet significantly alleviated nociceptive behaviors and increased the levels of acyl-ghrelin and NPY in a dose-dependent manner in cancer-bearing rats. With the exogenous administration of the GOAT inhibitor, the beneficial effects of an OA-rich diet on the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway and its pain-relieving effects were attenuated. Conclusions An OA-rich diet could alleviate CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acylghrelin/NPY pathway.

Background: Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor that has a high tendency to metastasis to the bone, leading to cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). Ghrelin can not only stimulate appetite and regulate energy balance, but also alleviate CIBP by inducing NPY expression. Octanoic acid (OA), a type of medium chain fatty acids, provides an energy substrate and promotes acylation of ghrelin. However, it remains to be elucidated whether an OA-rich diet can alleviate CIBP by activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Methods: First, thirty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham, CIBP, CIBP + OA (20), CIBP + OA (40), CIBP + OA (60) and CIBP + OA (80) groups to investigate the effects of diets with different ratios of OA on CIBP and the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Next, a ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) inhibitor was exogenously administered to investigate whether an OA-rich diet alleviated CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway. Results: An OA-rich diet significantly alleviated nociceptive behaviors and increased the levels of acyl-ghrelin and NPY in a dose-dependent manner in cancer-bearing rats. With the exogenous administration of the GOAT inhibitor, the beneficial effects of an OA-rich diet on the acyl-ghrelin/NPY pathway and its pain-relieving effects were attenuated. Conclusions An OA-rich diet could alleviate CIBP through increasing the level of acyl-ghrelin and activating the acylghrelin/NPY pathway.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

China prospective multicenter birth cohort (Prospective Omics Health Atlas birth cohort, POHA birth cohort) study was officially launched in 2022. This study, in collaboration with 12 participating units, aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20 000 naturally conceived families and assisted reproductive families. The study involves long-term follow-up of parents and offspring, with corresponding biological samples collected at key time points. Through multi-omics testing and analysis, the study aims to conduct multi-omics big data research across the entire maternal and infant life cycle. The goal is to identify new biomarkers for maternal and infant diseases and provide scientific evidence for risk prediction related to maternal diseases and neonatal health.

Humans ; Aged ; Acute Kidney Injury ; Risk Factors ; Creatinine

Objective:To assess the differences in multidimensional clinical manifestations between patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) matching the Rome Ⅲ criteria but not matching Rome Ⅳ and IBS patients matching the Rome Ⅳ criteria, among patients diagnosed with IBS according to Rome Ⅲ criteria.Methods:From November 2016 to October 2017, a total of 472 IBS patients admitted to six hospitals were selected, which included Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (139 cases), Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University (95 cases), the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (96 cases), the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University (90 cases), the People′s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (20 cases), and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University (32 cases). The 472 IBS patients were divided into the group that matching the Rome Ⅳ criteria (Rome Ⅳ group), and the group that matching the Rome Ⅲ criteria but not matching the Rome Ⅳ criteria (Rome Ⅲ group). The basic characteristics (IBS course, post-infectious IBS, history of smoking or drinking, etc.), abdominal symptoms, and defecation-related symptoms of two groups were compared and analyzed by face-to-face questionnaires. Multi-dimensional clinical manifestations assessment was completed by questionnaires, which included gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS), irritable bowel syndrome-severity scoring system (IBS-SSS), irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life (IBS-QOL), and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Independent sample t-test, rank sum test, and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:There were 344 patients (72.9%) in Rome Ⅳ group and 128 patients (27.1%) in Rome Ⅲ group. The IBS course of patients in Rome Ⅳ group was longer than that in Rome Ⅲ group (3.0 years (7.0 years) vs. 2.0 years (5.7 years)), and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.73, P=0.006). The GSRS scores of loose stools and abdominal pain of IBS patients in Rome Ⅳ group were higher than those in Rome Ⅲ group, and the GSRS scores of increased exhaust and abdominal distension of IBS patients in Rome Ⅳ group were lower than those in Rome Ⅲ group (3.0(2.0) vs. 2.0(4.0), 3.0(2.0) vs.1.0(2.0), 1.5(3.0) vs. 2.0(3.0), 1.0 (3.0) vs. 2.0(3.0)), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-2.48, -9.90, -2.11 and -2.06, P=0.013, <0.001, =0.035 and =0.040). The proportions of fatigue and dizziness of IBS patients in Rome Ⅳ group were higher than those in Rome Ⅲ group (58.4% (201/344) vs. 43.0% (55/128), 30.8% (106/344) vs. 29.7% (38/128)), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=8.37 and 12.36, P=0.004 and <0.001). The scores of anxiety and depression subscales of the HADS of IBS patients in Rome Ⅳ group were higher than those in Rome Ⅲ group (6.5 (6.8) vs. 6.0 (6.0), 5.0 (6.0) vs. 3.0 (5.0)), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-2.58 and -2.40, P=0.010 and 0.017). The scores of IBS-SSS scale, abdominal pain severity, abdominal pain frequency, and impact on quality of life of IBS patients in Rome Ⅳ group were all higher than those in Rome Ⅲ group (249.5 (108.0) vs. 177.0 (111.8), 50.0 (25.0) vs. 20.0 (30.0), 50.0 (70.0) vs. 10.0 (30.0), 66.0 (42.0) vs. 42.5 (34.0)), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-7.79, -9.64, -10.65 and -2.48, P<0.001, <0.001, <0.001 and =0.013). The score of IBS-QOL for behavioral disorder of IBS patients in Rome Ⅳ group was lower than that in Rome Ⅲ group (74.5±21.6 vs. 79.2±17.7), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-2.22, P=0.027). Conclusion:The clinical symptoms of patients mathching the Rome Ⅳ criteria are more typical and severe, as compared with those of IBS patients matching the Rome Ⅲ criteria but not matching the Rome Ⅳ criteria.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety between WangShiBaoChiWan and mosapride in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD).Methods:From September 2019 to September 2020, patients with postprandial fullness and early satiation who met the Rome Ⅳ criteria for FD diagnosis were enrolled from 15 hospitals, including the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changhai Hospital), Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical College. The subjects were randomly divided into WangShiBaoChiWan (experimental) group and mosapride (control) group in the ratio of 1∶1. The treatment regimens were WangShiBaoChiWan+ mosapride simulator, WangShiBaoChiWan simulator+ mosapride, respectively with a treatment period of 2 weeks. The primary efficacy outcome was the improvement rates of main symptoms before and after treatment, the secondary efficacy primary efficacy outcome was the total clinical effective rate and the change of the single symptom score. And the safety indicator included adverse events. Independent sample t-test, paired t-test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:A total of 251 FD patients were enrolled in the full analysis set, including 124 in the experimental group and 127 in the control group; 241 FD patients were in the per-protocol analysis set, including 117 in the experimental group and 124 in the control group. The analysis of per-protocol analysis set showed that the improvement rates of the main symptoms of the experimental group and the control group were (66±29)% and (60±30)%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The improvement rate of the main symptoms of the experimental group reached 117% of that of the control group, which exceeded the expected non-inferiority standard of 80%. The total clinical effective rates of the experimental group and the control group were 76.07% (89/117) and 75.81% (94/124), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The results of full analysis set showed that the incidence of adverse events of the experimental group and the control group was 1.62% (2/124) and 1.57% (2/127), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). There were no serious adverse events in the two groups. Conclusion:The improvement rate of the main symptoms of WangShiBaoChiWan is not inferior to that of mosapride in the treatment of FD, and it has good safety.