ObjectiveTo identify the characteristic exhaled volatile organic compounds （VOCs） associated with postoperative pulmonary complications （PPCs） in patients after abdominal surgery. MethodsThis study prospectively enrolled 76 patients with tracheal intubation who were transferred to intensive care unit （ICU） after abdominal surgery at Peking University People's Hospital between December 10， 2022 and June 30， 2023. The patients' basic information was collected during their perioperative period， and their exhaled VOCs were collected within 24 hours after their admission to the ICU， and then analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. According to whether PPCs occurred 24 hours after surgery， the patients were divided into PPCs group （n=44） and non-PPCs group （n=32）， and the differences of VOCs were compared between the two groups. Lasso regression analysis was used to screen the valuable variables of VOCs， and Logistics regression analysis to determine the characteristic VOCs associated with the occurrence of PPCs. ResultsAmong the 76 patients， 44 had PPCs and 32 had no PPCs. Lasso regression analysis screened 4 PPCs-related compounds from exhaled VOCs of two groups for further analysis and Logistics regression analysis showed that the increase of 1-Hexadecanol content in exhaled breath was significantly correlated with the occurrence of PPCs （OR： 1.000， P=0.002）. ConclusionThis study indicated that the increased content of 1-Hexadecanol in patients' exhaled breath after abdominal surgery may be associated with the occurrence of PPCs.

One of its primary surgical treatments of tricuspid regurgitation is tricuspid valve biological valve replacement. Catheter tricuspid valve-in-valve implantation is a novel interventional alternative for biological valve failure. The non-invasive lung fluid measuring device remote dielectric sensing (ReDSTM) has been increasingly incorporated into clinical practice as a means of monitoring chronic heart failure in recent years. This report describes the process and outcomes of the first instance of perioperative lung fluid volume evaluation following transcatheter tricuspid valve implantation utilizing ReDSTM technology. The patient has a short-term, substantial increase in postoperative lung fluid volume as compared to baseline.

OBJECTIVE To develop a prediction model for durable clinical benefit （DCB） in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） receiving programmed death-1 （PD-1） inhibitor. METHODS The clinical data of patients with advanced ESCC who received PD-1 inhibitor in Jieyang People’s Hospital were retrospectively collected between January 2020 to December 2023. Predictors were screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator （Lasso） regression， and a multivariable Logistic regression model was developed to predict DCB. A nomogram was constructed based on the model. Internal validation of the prediction model was performed by using the Bootstrap method， and the model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve， calibration curve， and decision curve analysis. RESULTS A total of 91 patients with advanced ESCC were included. The results of Lasso regression combined with Logistic regression analysis indicated that the baseline lymphocyte monocyte ratio （LMR） [odds ratio （OR）＝1.97， 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.15-3.36， P＝0.013]， albumin （ALB） content （OR＝1.35， 95%CI： 1.13-1.60， P＜0.001）， body mass index （BMI） category 1 [normal vs. low： OR＝ 0.28， 95%CI （0.09-0.96）， P＝0.042]， BMI category 2 [overweight-obesity vs. low： OR＝0.08， 95%CI （0.01-0.59）， P＝0.013]， and treatment regimen [monotherapy vs. monotherapy combination therapy： OR＝0.07， 95%CI （0.01-0.50）， P＝0.008] were predictive factors for patients with advanced ESCC to achieve DCB when treated with PD-1 inhibitor. A prediction model was constructed based on the above indicators. Internal validation of the model using the Bootstrap method showed an area under the curve of 0.831 （95%CI： 0.746-0.904）， with specificity of 74.4% and sensitivity of 75.0%. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test yielded χ2＝ 9.930， P＝0.270， and the calibration curve slope was close to 1. The decision curve analysis demonstrated that the model exhibited good clinical utility within a threshold range of 0.1 to 1.0. CONCLUSIONS The prediction model based on baseline LMR， ALB content， BMI， and treatment regimen demonstrates robust predictive performance and clinical utility for assessing therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor in the treatment of advanced ESCC.

Objective To explore the value of pelvic CT angiography(CTA)digital three-dimensional reconstruction model(abbreviated as"three-dimensional model")in the diagnosis of female pelvic mass.Methods A total of 98 patients with pelvic mass who were hospitalized and operated in Xi'an People's Hos-pital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital)from January 2021 to April 2023 were selected.All patients underwent B-ultra-sound and CTA examination before operation,and the original data of CTA were collected.The digital three-dimensional model of pelvic mass was established by three-dimensional reconstruction software,and the source of pelvic mass was judged according to the blood supply of pelvic mass.Taking postoperative pathological di-agnosis as the gold standard,the coincidence rate between different preoperative diagnosis methods(B-ultra-sound,CTA examination and three-dimensional model)was compared.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to evaluate the efficacy of different preoperative diagnostic methods in judging the ovarian origin of pelvic tumors.Results A total of 130 pelvic masses were included in 98 patients,and the average maximum diameter of the mass was(71.61±3.03)mm,including 83 ovarian masses and 47 non-ovarian masses.Taking postoperative pathological diagnosis as the gold standard,the diagnostic coincidence rate of the preoperative three-dimensional model was 72.31％,which was higher than that of B-ultrasound(58.46％)and CTA(52.31％),and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,accuracy,Kappa value,and area under the ROC curve were 79.51％,91.49％,94.29％,71.67％,83.85％,0.67 and 0.855,respectively,when the three-dimensional model showed that the blood supply of the mass originated from ovarian artery or uterine artery-ovarian branch.Conclusion The three-dimensional model of pelvic CTA can directly display the blood supply source,characteristics of mass,and the relationship between mass and adjacent organs,which can guide the clinical treatment.It has certain clinical value to judge the ovarian origin of pelvic mass by using ovarian artery and uterine artery-ovarian branch.

Objective To construct the performance evaluation index system of head nurses in tertiary grade A hospitals in Heilongjiang Province,in order to provide reference for clinical nursing management.Methods Through literature analysis and theoretical research,the framework and content of performance evaluation index system for head nurses in tertiary grade A hospitals in Heilongjiang Province were preliminarily established,and two rounds of expert letters were conducted by Delphi method,and finally the performance evaluation index system for head nurses in tertiary grade A hospitals in Heilongjiang Province was established.Results The evaluation index system of head nurses'performance in a tertiary grade A hospital in Heilongjiang Province included 5 first-class indicators,14 second-class indicators and 49 third-class indicators,and the expert consultation was highly reliable.Conclusion The construction of the performance evaluation index system for head nurses in tertiary hospitals in Heilongjiang Province can not only provide reference for nursing managers and researchers at all levels of medical institutions in the province,but also provide practical guidance for head nurses to improve their own nursing management level.

Child safety seats have been proven to be one of the most effective tools for protecting child passengers. However, the widespread phenomenon of safety seats being "unavailable," "owned but not used," or "used incorrectly" is prevalent globally. This paper aims to summarize the obstacles to the use of child safety seats from four aspects: Individual, society, environment and policy, in order to provide a basis for follow-up comprehensive intervention to ensure the safety of children.

Objective To investigate the expression of lncRNA SNHG8 in placenta accrete(PA)and its effect on trophoblast invasion and migration.Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of lncRNA SNHG8 in placenta tissue of 30 cases in PA group and 30 cases in control group,and the correlation between lncRNA SNHG8 expression and prenatal ultrasound score of 30 cases in PA group was analyzed.Transwell and scratch assay were used to detect the effect of lncRNA SNHG8 interference on the invasion and migration of human chorionic trophoblast cells(HTR8/SVneo cells),and western blot was used to detect the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9.The downstream targets of lncRNA SNHG8 were predicted by StarBase software,and the expression of lncRNA SNHG8 was detected in placental tissues of the two groups.Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between lncRNA SNHG8 and miR-542-3p.Results Compared with that of the control group,the expression of lncRNA SNHG8 was up-regulated in the placenta tissue of the PA group(P<0.05),and it was positively correlated with prenatal ultrasound score.Interference with lncRNA SNHG8 inhibited the invasion and migration of trophoblast cells(P<0.05);the protein expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2 also decreased signifi-cantly(P<0.05).Biological prediction indicates that miR-542-3p had a binding site with lncRNA SNHG8,and miR-542-3p expression was down-regulated in PA placental tissue(P<0.05).Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that lncRNA SNHG8 could target miR-542-3p.Compared with si-SNHG8+inhibitor-NC,co-transfection of si-SNHG8 and miR-542-3p inhibitor enhanced the invasion and migration ability of trophoblast cells(P<0.05).Conclusion lncRNA SNHG8 is highly expressed in PA and is related to the severity of PA.LncRNA SNHG8 promotes the invasion and migration of trophoblast by regulating the level of miR-542-3p.The study suggests that lncRNA SNHG8 plays an important role in the invasion and migration of PA trophoblast cells,which is expected to be a clinical diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

BACKGROUND:Laser therapy is a non-invasive and painless treatment that is considered to be an effective method suitable for the treatment of osteoarthritis due to its simplicity and non-invasive nature.Currently,the mechanism of action of laser therapy is unclear and the results of studies on its clinical application are controversial. OBJECTIVE:To review and summarize the latest research progress of laser therapy on chondrocytes,animal experiments and clinical efficacy,and to explore the possible mechanism of laser-mediated multi-pathway biological effects,so as to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the laser treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint. METHODS:A literature search was performed in CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP and PubMed databases for relevant literature published from 2018 to 2023,with"laser therapy,low level laser therapy,high level laser therapy,photobiomodulation,knee osteoarthritis,chondrocytes"as the search terms in Chinese and English,respectively.Together with 14 articles searched manually,70 articles were finally included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Laser therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis is mainly categorized into two types:low-level laser therapy and high-level laser therapy.Differences in laser parameters and treatment protocols have a direct impact on laser efficacy.When appropriate parameters are used,low-level lasers show positive effects in cellular experiments,animal models,and clinical efficacy.High-level lasers have been less studied in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis,but some preliminary clinical studies have shown positive results.Cell experiments have shown that low-level laser promotes chondrocyte proliferation and cartilage matrix synthesis,thereby reducing inflammatory response.Animal experiments have shown that low-level laser can reduce the release of pro-inflammatory factors,promote cartilage matrix synthesis,inhibit matrix degradation,and effectively improve the repair process of cartilage tissue.Low-level laser is also able to reduce oxidative stress damage and relieve pain in knee osteoarthritis.In clinical trials,both low-and high-level laser can reduce patients'pain and improve functional activities.The combination of laser therapy and exercise therapy modalities may improve the therapeutic effect.Lasers may affect intracellular signaling and cellular functions through photobiological or thermodynamic effects.This provides direct evidence that laser promotes articular cartilage regeneration.

AIM: To understand the screening and correction of myopia in children and adolescents from the Gannan region of Gansu Province, and to provide guidance for the prevention and control of myopia.METHODS: A cross-sectional stratified cluster sampling study was conducted to select 2 kindergartens and 12 primary and secondary schools in Hezuo City and Zhouqu County, Gannan region of Gansu Province, two classes were randomly selected from each grade, and the whole class was used as a unit for screening. The screening and correction of myopia in children and adolescents were collected for statistical analysis.RESULTS: A total of 5 072 children and adolescents were selected, and 4 806 valid data were finally included after excluding unqualified records. The overall prevalence of myopia was 45.55%, and the prevalence of myopia showed an increasing trend with the increase of grade(P<0.001). The prevalence of myopia in girls(48.66%)was higher than that in boys(42.18%; P<0.001). The prevalence of myopia increased with age(P<0.001), and the age group of 10-12 years old was the fastest growing for myopia, increasing from 25.62% to 60.57%. Furthermore, moderate myopia and high myopia showed an increasing tread with the increase of the grade(all P<0.001). The overall glasses wearing rate of the Gannan region was 28.55%, with a full correction rate of 50.72%, and the glasses wearing rate showed an increasing trend with the increase of grades(P<0.001). The glasses wearing rate of female students(30.84%)was higher than that of male students(26.69%; P=0.008). The full correction rates of low, moderate and high myopia in junior high were the lowest among the 3 phases of studying. The full correction rate of high myopia was the lowest in all phases of studying.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of myopia in children and adolescents from the Gannan region is lower than the national average, but the myopia of children and adolescents is still a trend of young age and high incidence, and the glasses wearing rate of myopia and full correction rate are low.

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of different treatment modalities for moderate to severe Henoch- Schönlein purpura nephritis （HSPN）. METHODS Literature searches were conducted in the CNKI， VIP， Wanfang Data， SinoMed， PubMed， OVID， Web of Science， Embase， and the Cochrane Library to collect randomized controlled trials （RCTs） and cohort studies on the treatment of moderate to severe HSPN with 12 intervention measures： monotherapy with glucocorticoid （GC）， as well as cyclophosphamide， mycophenolate mofetil （MMF）， Tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside （TWM）， leflunomide， mizoribine， tacrolimus， cyclosporin A， hemoperfusion， tonsillectomy combined with GC， and double filtration plasmapheresis （DFPP） combined with GC and cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil. The search period was from the inception of the databases to March 2024. After literature screening， data extraction， and quality assessment， a network meta- analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS A total of 28 articles were included， with 14 RCTs and 14 cohort studies， involving 1 746 patients. The network meta-analysis results showed the combination of tacrolimus and GC had the highest probability of being the best in overall remission rate， followed by the combination of TWM and GC， and DFPP combined with GC and MMF. The combination of leflunomide and GC had the highest probability of being the best in complete remission rate， followed by the combination of mizoribine and GC， and DFPP combined with GC and cyclophosphamide. The combination of mizoribine and GC had the highest probability of being the best in terms of reducing 24-hour urinary protein quantification， followed by DFPP combined with GC and MMF， and the combination of leflunomide and GC. Moreover， the combination of tacrolimus and GC had the highest probability of being the best in safety， followed by the combination of cyclosporin A and GC， and the combination of leflunomide and GC. CONCLUSIONS Compared to other treatment methods， the combination therapy of tacrolimus and GC shows better efficacy and safety in the treatment of moderate to severe HSPN.