Objective:To evaluate the surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation in locally advanced neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (NECC) .Methods:This is a single-center retrospective cohort study. Locally advanced NECC patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Acadmy of Medical Sciences from January 2011 to April 2022 were enrolled. They were divided into concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, and surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiation group. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), recurrence rate, and mortality rate.Results:(1) Forty-six cases were included, 22 in concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, 24 in surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation group. With 16 patients (35%, 16/46) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), the NACT effective rate was 15/16. (2) The median follow-up time was 27.5 months (range: 10-106 months), with 26 (57%, 26/46) experienced recurrences. There were 4 (9%, 4/46) pelvic recurrences and 25 (54%, 25/46) distant recurrences, and 3 (7%, 3/46) both pelvic and distant recurrences. Compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation group had lower pelvic recurrence rate [14% (3/22) vs 4% (1/24); χ2=1.296, P=0.255] but without statistic difference. Both groups had similar distant recurrence rate [55% (12/22) vs 54% (13/24); χ2=0.001, P=0.979] and overall recurrence rate [59% (13/22) vs 54% (13/24); χ2=0.113, P=0.736]. (3) During the follow-up period, 22 cases (48%, 22/46) died, with 11 cases (50%, 11/22) in concurrent chemoradiotherapy group and 11 cases (46%, 11/24) in surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation group, without significant difference ( χ2=0.080, P=0.777). The postoperative 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 62.3% and 36.9%. Compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, the patients in surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation group showed an extended trend in PFS (17.0 vs 32.0 months) and OS (37.0 vs 50.0 months) but without statistic differences ( P=0.287, P=0.125). Both groups had similar 3-year OS rate (54.2% vs 69.9%; P=0.138) and 5-year OS rate (36.1% vs 38.8%; P=0.217). Conclusions:Our study supports the multi-modality treatment strategy (including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation) as an important component in the treatment of locally advanced NECC. The combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation seems to have advantages in the treatment of locally advanced NECC, but needs to be confirmed by further multicenter studies.

Derived from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, or adult stem cells, liver organoids not only mimic the tissue structure, gene expression patterns, and genetic characteristics of in vivo liver but also demonstrate significant potential in simulating liver diseases, drug screening, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine. This technology is particularly valuable in modeling various conditions such as malignant liver tumors, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, and a range of genetic and metabolic liver diseases. However, challenges remain in enhancing the derivation and proliferation efficiency of organoids, constructing immune microenvironments, developing functional vascular networks, and achieving standardization and automation in the organoid preparation process. Looking forward, with continued technological advancements and innovations, these issues are expected to be resolved, paving the way for liver organoids to play a more substantial role in clinical and research applications, ultimately contributing significantly to public health. This review comprehensively explores the development and extensive applications of liver organoid technology in the field of biomedical science. The aim is to inform subsequent research.

Objective: To analyze the recent postoperative and long-term postoperative complications of open-splenectomy and disconnection in patients with portal hypertension. Methods: There were 1 118 cases with portal hypertension who underwent open splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection from April 2010 to September 2015 at Department of Surgery, People′s Liberation Army 302 Hospital. Retrospective case investigation and telephone follow-up were conducted in October 2016. All patients had history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding before operation. Short-term complications after surgery were recorded including secondary laparotomy of postoperative abdominal hemostasis, severe infection, intake disorders, liver insufficiency, postoperative portal vein thrombosis and perioperative mortality. Long-term data including postoperative upper gastrointestinal rebleeding, postoperative survival rate and incidence of postoperative malignancy were recorded, too. GraphPad Prism 5 software for data survival analysis and charting. Results: Postoperative short-term complications in 1 118 patients included secondary laparotomy of postoperative abdominal hemostasis(1.8%, 21/1 118), severe infection(2.9%, 32/1 118), intake disorders(1.0%, 11/1 118), liver dysfunction (1.6%, 18/1 118), postoperative portal vein thrombosis(47.1%, 526/1 118)and perioperative mortality(0.5%, 5/1 118). After phone call following-up, 942 patients′ long-term data were completed including 1, 3, 5 years postoperative upper gastrointestinal rebleeding rate(4.4%, 12.1%, 17.2%), 1, 3, 5-year postoperative survival rate(97.0%, 93.5%, 90.3%); the incidence of postoperative malignant tumors in 1, 3 and 5 years were 1.7%, 4.4% and 6.2%. Conclusions Reasonable choosing of surgical indications and timing, proper performing the surgery process, effective conducting perioperative management of portal hypertension are directly related to the patient′s short-term prognosis after portal hypertension. Surgical intervention can reduce the rates of patients with upper gastrointestinal rebleeding, improve survival, and do not increase the incidence of malignant tumors.

Objective To evaluate the effect of robot-assisted gait training on the walking ability of hemiplegic patients.Methods Sixty hemiplegic patients were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group,each of 30.Both groups were given traditional rehabilitation and drug therapy.The control group was additionally provided with the traditional gait training,while the treatment group additionally received robot-assisted gait training.The gait training lasted 30 minutes a day,5 days per week.Before and after 8 weeks of training,the time parameters,phase parameters,the joint angles of the lower limbs,and the peak ground reaction forces of both groups were evaluated using a three-dimensional gait analysis system.Results After the intervention,the walking velocity,stride frequency and stride length had increased in the treatment group,while stride width had decreased.Significant improvement was observed in the treatment group in terms of the percentage of swing phase on the paretic side,the percentage of stance phase on the paretic side,the single support time ratio,the percentage of double support phase,the range of motion of the hip and knee joints,and the peak vertical and forward ground reaction force as a percentage of body weight.The improvements were significantly greater than those observed in the control group.Conclusions Compared with traditional walking training,robot-assisted gait training can be more effective in improving the walking ability of hemiplegic patients.

Neurofeedback, as an alternative treatment method of behavioral medicine, is a technique which translates the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to styles as sounds or animation to help people understand their own physical status and learn to enhance or suppress certain EEG signals to regulate their own brain functions after several repeated trainings. This paper develops a neurofeedback system on the foundation of brain-computer interface technique. The EEG features are extracted through real-time signal process and then translated to feedback information. Two feedback screens are designed for relaxation training and attention training individually. The veracity and feasibility of the neurofeedback system are validated through system simulation and preliminary experiment.
Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Neurofeedback

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical application of laparoscopic choledochoduodenstomy in Hepatobiliary Surgery Department.MethodsTwenty-six patients of laparoscopic choledochoduodenstomy were retrospectively analyzed between January 2007 and September 2011 in Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of PLA General Hospital,including 8 cases of choledochalcyst,11 cases of bile duct stone and 7 cases of bile duct cancer.ResultsAll of patients were successfully performed operation of total laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision.The operation time was 60 to 110 minutes.And the time of hospital stay was 3 to 7 days.One patient was found anastomotic stoma stricture,the other cases had no post-operative complication.There was no patient dead.ConclusionLaparoscopic choledochoduodenstomy needs mastering the indication of operation and laparoscopic anastomosis technique.Under this condition,the operation will be safe and feasible.

Objective To determine whether 3'UTR polymorphisms of the NRAMP1 gene are as-sociated with tuberculosis in Uighurs. Methods 3'UTR polymorphisms of NRAMP1 gene were typed by PCR-RFLP among 224 patients with active tuberculosis and 225 healthy individuals. The relationship be-tween 3'UTR polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis was studied, and cases were grouped accord-ing to genotypes. Results In the tuberculosis patients, genotype TGTG/TGTG,TGTG/TGTG deleted, and TGTG deleted/TGTG deleted were observed in 159,56 and 9 cases respectively, while the genotypes of the healthy controls were TGTG/TGTG in 185, TGTG/TGTG deleted in 36 and TGTG deleted/TGTG deleted in 4 case. The frequency of the genotype TGTG/TGTG was found more often among controls than that in pa-tients (X2=7.94 ,P <0.01). The frequency of allele TGTG and the frequency of variant allele were 0.87 and 0.13 respectively. Conclusion 3'UTR polymorphisms of NRAMP1 gene are associated with suscepti-bility to tuberculosis in Uighurs.

Objective To analyze the correlation of preoperative serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)level with serum CA125 level in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC),and to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative serum VEGF in these patients.Methods Forty-one patients with EOC were included as study group,while 20 healthy women were selected as control group.Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and chemiluminescence assay were used to measure serum VEGF and CA125 level respectively.The correlations of serum VEGF with CA125 level,postoperative recurrence rate and survival time were analyzed retrospectively.Resuits Serum VEGF levels in patients with EOC were higher than those in healthy women,with the median of 415 and 165 ng/L,range 110-2120 and 100-735 ng/L respectively(P＜0.01).No correlation was found between preoperative serum VEGF and CA125 level (Spearman test,P=0.989).High preoperative serum VEGF was positively correlated with postoperative recurrence.Serum VEGF level in patients with postoperative recurrence was higher than that in patients without recurrence,with the median of 490 and 315 ng/L respectively(P=0.035).Univariate analysis showed that higher serum level was reversely correlated with shorter survival.Median overall survival time in patients with higher serum VEGF level and lower serum VEGF level was 18 months and＞35 months respectively(P=0.010).Multivariate Cox model analysis showed that high VEGF level was an independentfactor for the prognosis of EOC(P=0.042).Conclusion Preoperative serum VEGF level is not correlated with CA125 concentration in patients with EOC,and it is an independent risk factor for prognosis.

Objective To determine the serum level of chernokine CCL27 in patients with psoriasis vulgaris,and to analyse its clinical relevance.Methods A total of 61 patients(40 in progressive stage and 21 in stable stage)with psoriasis vulgaris,with an average disease duration of 37.97±14.34 years,were included in this study.Appropriate thempy was given to these patients.Serum samples were collected from the patients before and after therapy,as well as from 45 healthy human controls.ELISA was applied to examine the serum concentration of CCL27.Clinical severity of psoriasis vulgaris was assessed by psoriasis area and severity index(PASI)score.Results Serum level of CCL27 was 670.02±262.15 ng/L in psoriatic patients,compared to 373.10±92.84 ng/L in the controls(t=8.18.P＜0.01).Increased serum level of CCL27 was observed in patients with progressive psoriasis vulgaris compared to those with stable psoriasis (799.94±214.54 ng/L vs 422.57±135.53 ng/L,t=8.39,P＜0.01).After 8 weeks of therapy,a significant decrease was noticed in the serum level of CCL27 in patients who experienced≥70%reduction in PASI score(t=9.95,P＜0.01).but not in those experiencing a PASI reduction of＜70%(t=1.84,P＞0.05).The serum level of CCL27 was positively correlated with PASI score(r=0.58,P＜0.01).Conclusions The serum level of CCL27 is significantly elevated in patients with psoriasis vulgaris,and it is correlated with the disease severity.

Objective To determine the effect of dihydroartiminisin on the proliferation and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cell lines.Methods Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was performed to evaluate the anti-proliferative effect of dihydroartiminisin in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells,and Western blot was used to determine its effect on phosphorylation level of MAPK,including extra-cell regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and p38 protein kinase,in the two cell lines.Results Dihydroartiminisin inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in vitro,with a mean of 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) at 72 h of (9.0 ±1.4) μmol/L for SKOV3 and (5.5 ±1.2)μmol/L for OVCAR3 respectively. Compared to cells without dihydroartiminisin treatment,phosphorylation level of ERK 1/2 in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells treated with dihydroartiminisin decreased by 64.2% and 75.3% respectively (P＜0.05),while phosphorylation of p38 protein kinase in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 only decreased by 8.5% and 6.4% respectively (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Dihydroartiminisin can inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer cell in vitro, probably through down-regulation of the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 in ovarian cancer cells.