ObjectiveTo explore the mechanisms of action of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan in treating viral pneumonia by combining network pharmacology and molecular docking with in vivo experimental validation. MethodsNetwork pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict the core components， target genes， and major pathways of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan. Molecular docking was then applied to verify the interactions between the core components and key targets. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups （n = 10 per group）， including blank， model， dexamethasone， and Ganlu Xiaodu Dan low-， medium-， and high-dose groups. The blank and model groups were gavaged with physiological saline （10 mL·kg^-1） every 12 h. The dexamethasone group received intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone （5 mg·kg^-1）. The low-， medium-， and high-dose groups of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan were gavaged with solutions at concentrations of 7.2， 14.4， and 21.6 g·kg^-1， respectively， every 12 h. Lung wet/dry weight ratio （W/D） was measured. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe pathological changes in lung tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to determine the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin （IL）-17， and IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K） and protein kinase B （Akt） in lung tissue for further validation. ResultsTwelve potential active components of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan were identified through network pharmacology. A total of 306 overlapping target genes were obtained between Ganlu Xiaodu Dan and viral pneumonia. PPI network analysis identified the top 20 key targets， and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed the top 20 signaling pathways. An “active component–target–pathway” network was constructed. Molecular docking demonstrated strong affinity between the core components of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan and key targets related to viral pneumonia. In animal experiments， compared with the blank group， the model group showed severe bronchial epithelial damage， disordered alveolar structure， massive inflammatory cell infiltration， widened alveolar septa， and obvious interstitial edema. W/D， levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， and IL-17 in BALF， and protein expression of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt in lung tissue were all significantly increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， lung injury in the Ganlu Xiaodu Dan groups and the dexamethasone group was alleviated. W/D and TNF-α levels were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. IL-1β and IL-17 levels were significantly reduced in the medium- and high-dose groups and the dexamethasone group， and the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt in lung tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. ConclusionGanlu Xiaodu Dan can alleviate lung injury in viral pneumonia by suppressing the inflammatory response， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway activation.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanisms of action of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan in treating viral pneumonia by combining network pharmacology and molecular docking with in vivo experimental validation. MethodsNetwork pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict the core components， target genes， and major pathways of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan. Molecular docking was then applied to verify the interactions between the core components and key targets. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups （n = 10 per group）， including blank， model， dexamethasone， and Ganlu Xiaodu Dan low-， medium-， and high-dose groups. The blank and model groups were gavaged with physiological saline （10 mL·kg^-1） every 12 h. The dexamethasone group received intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone （5 mg·kg^-1）. The low-， medium-， and high-dose groups of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan were gavaged with solutions at concentrations of 7.2， 14.4， and 21.6 g·kg^-1， respectively， every 12 h. Lung wet/dry weight ratio （W/D） was measured. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe pathological changes in lung tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to determine the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin （IL）-17， and IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K） and protein kinase B （Akt） in lung tissue for further validation. ResultsTwelve potential active components of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan were identified through network pharmacology. A total of 306 overlapping target genes were obtained between Ganlu Xiaodu Dan and viral pneumonia. PPI network analysis identified the top 20 key targets， and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed the top 20 signaling pathways. An “active component–target–pathway” network was constructed. Molecular docking demonstrated strong affinity between the core components of Ganlu Xiaodu Dan and key targets related to viral pneumonia. In animal experiments， compared with the blank group， the model group showed severe bronchial epithelial damage， disordered alveolar structure， massive inflammatory cell infiltration， widened alveolar septa， and obvious interstitial edema. W/D， levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， and IL-17 in BALF， and protein expression of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt in lung tissue were all significantly increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， lung injury in the Ganlu Xiaodu Dan groups and the dexamethasone group was alleviated. W/D and TNF-α levels were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. IL-1β and IL-17 levels were significantly reduced in the medium- and high-dose groups and the dexamethasone group， and the protein expression levels of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt in lung tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. ConclusionGanlu Xiaodu Dan can alleviate lung injury in viral pneumonia by suppressing the inflammatory response， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway activation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of super-thin free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap at the junction plane of superficial and deep fat of superficial fascia to repair the soft tissue defects of the foot.Methods:The clinical data of patients with foot soft tissue defects admitted to Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University from June 2017 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. During the operation, the super-thin free ALT flap on the affected side was harvested at the junction of superficial and deep fat of superficial fascia to repair the foot wound. The donor site wound was sutured directly or repaired with full-thickness skin graft. The flap survival and complications were observed after the operation, and the operation effect was evaluated from the following five aspects. (1) The Maryland foot function score was used to evaluate the recovery of foot function. The full score was 100 points, of which 90-100 points were excellent, 75-89 points were good, 50-74 points were fair, and < 50 points were poor. (2) The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was used to evaluate the scar condition of the foot. The total score was 0-15 points. The higher the score, the more serious the scar. (3) The cold intolerance symptom severity (CISS) scale was used to evaluate the cold tolerance of the affected foot. The total score was 4-100 points. The higher the score, the more serious the symptoms. (4) Measuring static two-point discrimination to evaluate foot sensation, the smaller the measured value, the better the sensory recovery. (5) The satisfaction of patients with foot appearance was investigated, which was divided into five grades: very satisfied, satisfied, general, dissatisfied and very dissatisfied. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 26.0 software.Results:A total of 13 patients with foot soft tissue defects were enrolled, including 8 males and 5 females. The mean age was 54.7 years (range, 39-70 years). There were 10 cases of left foot and 3 cases of right foot. The wound area after thorough debridement ranged from 5.5 cm ×5.0 cm to 22.0 cm ×18.0 cm. The operation time was (145.1 ± 30.6) min. The area of the flap was 6.0 cm×5.5 cm to 23.5 cm×19.0 cm, and the thickness was (5.2 ± 1.1) mm (range, 3.0- 6.5 mm). The wound at the donor site was sutured directly in 9 cases, and coverd with the abdominal full-thickness skin graft in 4 cases. After the operation, 1 patient had partial epidermal necrosis at the distal end of the flap, 1 patient had venous crisis.The flaps survived after symptomatic treatment. The remaining 11 flaps survived smoothly. The patients were followed up for 12 to 20 months, with an average of 16 months. The foot flaps were soft and free of damage, and no secondary fat reduction or plastic surgery was required. There were no complications such as wound dehiscence, skin graft necrosis, muscle hernia, and quadriceps weakness in 13 cases of donor site except for hypoesthesia caused by scar hyperplasia in 4 cases with skin graft. At the last follow-up, the Maryland foot function score was (87.4±7.3) points, of which 7 cases were excellent, 4 cases were good, and 2 cases were fair. The excellent and good rate was 11/13. The foot scar was not obvious, the VSS score was (3.2±1.2) points. The foot was more tolerant to cold and the sensory recovery was better, the CISS score was (37.5±7.1) points and the static two-point discrimination was (13.9±1.0) mm. One month after the operation, the results of patients’ satisfaction with foot appearance were as follows: 11 cases were very satisfied and 2 cases were satisfied.Conclusion:The super-thin free ALT flap is obtained at the junction plane of superficial and deep fat of superficial fascia to repair the soft tissue defect of the foot, which can optimize the operation time. The appearance and function of the foot recover well after the operation, avoiding the secondary shaping operation, reducing the damage to the donor site, and the patients are satisfied.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of super-thin free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap at the junction plane of superficial and deep fat of superficial fascia to repair the soft tissue defects of the foot.Methods:The clinical data of patients with foot soft tissue defects admitted to Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University from June 2017 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. During the operation, the super-thin free ALT flap on the affected side was harvested at the junction of superficial and deep fat of superficial fascia to repair the foot wound. The donor site wound was sutured directly or repaired with full-thickness skin graft. The flap survival and complications were observed after the operation, and the operation effect was evaluated from the following five aspects. (1) The Maryland foot function score was used to evaluate the recovery of foot function. The full score was 100 points, of which 90-100 points were excellent, 75-89 points were good, 50-74 points were fair, and < 50 points were poor. (2) The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was used to evaluate the scar condition of the foot. The total score was 0-15 points. The higher the score, the more serious the scar. (3) The cold intolerance symptom severity (CISS) scale was used to evaluate the cold tolerance of the affected foot. The total score was 4-100 points. The higher the score, the more serious the symptoms. (4) Measuring static two-point discrimination to evaluate foot sensation, the smaller the measured value, the better the sensory recovery. (5) The satisfaction of patients with foot appearance was investigated, which was divided into five grades: very satisfied, satisfied, general, dissatisfied and very dissatisfied. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 26.0 software.Results:A total of 13 patients with foot soft tissue defects were enrolled, including 8 males and 5 females. The mean age was 54.7 years (range, 39-70 years). There were 10 cases of left foot and 3 cases of right foot. The wound area after thorough debridement ranged from 5.5 cm ×5.0 cm to 22.0 cm ×18.0 cm. The operation time was (145.1 ± 30.6) min. The area of the flap was 6.0 cm×5.5 cm to 23.5 cm×19.0 cm, and the thickness was (5.2 ± 1.1) mm (range, 3.0- 6.5 mm). The wound at the donor site was sutured directly in 9 cases, and coverd with the abdominal full-thickness skin graft in 4 cases. After the operation, 1 patient had partial epidermal necrosis at the distal end of the flap, 1 patient had venous crisis.The flaps survived after symptomatic treatment. The remaining 11 flaps survived smoothly. The patients were followed up for 12 to 20 months, with an average of 16 months. The foot flaps were soft and free of damage, and no secondary fat reduction or plastic surgery was required. There were no complications such as wound dehiscence, skin graft necrosis, muscle hernia, and quadriceps weakness in 13 cases of donor site except for hypoesthesia caused by scar hyperplasia in 4 cases with skin graft. At the last follow-up, the Maryland foot function score was (87.4±7.3) points, of which 7 cases were excellent, 4 cases were good, and 2 cases were fair. The excellent and good rate was 11/13. The foot scar was not obvious, the VSS score was (3.2±1.2) points. The foot was more tolerant to cold and the sensory recovery was better, the CISS score was (37.5±7.1) points and the static two-point discrimination was (13.9±1.0) mm. One month after the operation, the results of patients’ satisfaction with foot appearance were as follows: 11 cases were very satisfied and 2 cases were satisfied.Conclusion:The super-thin free ALT flap is obtained at the junction plane of superficial and deep fat of superficial fascia to repair the soft tissue defect of the foot, which can optimize the operation time. The appearance and function of the foot recover well after the operation, avoiding the secondary shaping operation, reducing the damage to the donor site, and the patients are satisfied.

Objective:To explore the real experience and needs of successful aging among urban elderly people who participated in intergenerational raising.Methods:This study was a qualitative study. From February to April 2023, purposive sampling was used to select 10 elderly individuals from Fanjingjiayuan Community in Changqing District, Jinan City who participated in intergenerational raising as the research subject. Semi-structured interviews and face-to-face nonverbal behavior observation methods were used to collect data, while Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method was used to summarize, analyze the data and extract themes.Results:A total of three themes and 10 sub-themes were extracted, namely positive psychological feelings (self-realization, obtaining emotional support, health benefits), negative psychological feelings (intergenerational raising pressure, decreased life satisfaction, mental stress, physical and mental exhaustion), and the need to promote successful aging (family support, community support, policy support) .Conclusions:Urban elderly people who participate in intergenerational raising have both negative and positive psychological experiences. Families and society should pay attention to the psychological feelings of participating in intergenerational raising of elderly people in urban communities, so as to promote successful aging of the elderly people.

Objective To systematically evaluate the experiences of drug self-management in elderly patients with multiple chronic illnesses,so as to provide references for the development of personalized drug self-management intervention programs.Methods Qualitative research on drug self-management experiences of elderly patients with multiple chronic diseases was retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,Scopus,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and SinoMed.The retrieval time limit is from the establishment of the databases to November 2023.The qualitative research quality evaluation criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-based Health Care Center in Australia was used to evaluate quality of studies.The results were integrated by meta-integration method.Results A total of 9 studies were included,and 33 research results were extracted,and 4 integrated results and 12 categories were synthesized.The integration results included the objective dilemmas and challenges of drug self-management,the low level of drug literacy,willingness to engage in positive behavior attempts,need of multi-party assistance.Conclusion The objective dilemmas of drug self-management and low level of drug literacy in elderly patients with multimorbidity will seriously affect their health outcomes.Medical staffs should pay attention to the different experiences of patients in the process of drug self-management,identify the needs of patients,formulate targeted intervention support strategies,and improve the level of drug self-management in elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of primary suture after laparoscopic choledochotomy in the treatment of elderly patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones. Methods A total of 148 elderly patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent laparoscopic choledochotomy, among whom 88 received primary suture (primary suture group) and 60 underwent routine T-tube drainage (routine group). Surgical-related indicators, changes in inflammatory factor levels, recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The operative time, postoperative drainage time, hospital stay, first exhaust time and bowel sound recovery time were significantly shorter in the primary suture group than in the routine group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in intraoperative blood loss and overall treatment efficacy between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with preoperative levels, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) increased initially and then decreased in both groups after surgery, with statistically significant differences at different time points (P < 0.05). The serum levels of CRP, TNF-α and IL-1β in the primary suture group were significantly lower than those in the routine group at 1 and 2 days after operation (P < 0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications was 3.41% in the primary suture group, which was significantly lower than the 11.67% in the routine group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in the incidence of common bile duct stenosis within 3 months after surgery between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Primary suture after LCBDE exhibits favorable efficacy in the treatment of elderly patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones, which contributes to shorten operative time, relieve inflammatory response, reduce incidence of postoperative complications, and high safety.

Objective To systematically evaluate the rehabilitation experience of patients after total knee arthroplasty,and to provide references for improving the effect of rehabilitation treatment and formulating related clinical nursing strategies.Methods We searched PubMed,Web of Science,the Cochrane Library,Embase,CINAHL,Scopus,ProQuest,CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP database and Chinese biomedical literature database.A qualitative study on the experiences,feelings,and needs of patients undergoing rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty was retrieved from the database until April 2023.The quality of literature was evaluated using the Quality Evaluation Criteria of Evidence-Based Health Care Center(2016)of Joanna Briggs Institute in Australia,and the results were summarized and integrated by the aggregation integration method.Results A total of 25 studies were included;82 topics were summarized into 12 categories;4 integrated results were finally formed:rehabilitation treatment was faced with multiple difficulties,and patients lost confidence and needed professional guidance and supervision;unsatisfactory experience in rehabilitation;the perception of the benefits of rehabilitation therapy and the encouragement of medical staff,and firm faith in rehabilitation;seeking understanding and social support can promote the effect of rehabilitation therapy.Conclusion Healthcare professionals should pay attention to and reflect on the challenges and unsatisfactory experiences that patients may face during rehabilitation,and provide them with professional guidance and supervision,as well as personalized rehabilitation treatment.

Objective: : The facial nerve trace on the ipsilateral side of the vestibular schwannoma was reconstructed by diffusion tensor imaging tractography to identify the adjacent relationship between the facial nerve and the tumor, and to improve the level of intraoperative facial nerve protection. Methods: : The clinical data of 30 cases of unilateral vestibular schwannoma who underwent tumor resection via retrosigmoid approach were collected between January 2019 and December 2020. All cases underwent magnetic resonance imaging examination before operation. Diffusion tensor imaging and anatomical images were used to reconstruct the facial nerve track of the affected side, so as to predict the course of the nerve and its adjacent relationship with the tumor, to compare the actual trace of the facial nerve during operation, verify the degree of coincidence, and evaluate the nerve function (House-Brackmann grade) after surgery. Results: : The facial nerve of 27 out of 30 cases could be displayed by diffusion tensor imaging tractography, and the tracking rate was 90% (27/30). The intraoperative locations of facial nerve shown in 25 cases were consistent with the preoperative reconstruction results. The coincidence rate was 92.6% (25/27). The facial nerves were located on the anterior middle part of the tumor in 14 cases, anterior upper part in eight cases, anterior lower part in seven cases, and superior polar in one case. Intraoperative facial nerve anatomy was preserved in 30 cases. Among the 30 patients, total resection was performed in 28 cases and subtotal resection in two cases. The facial nerve function was evaluated 2 weeks after operation, and the results showed grade I in 12 cases, grade II in 16 cases and grade III in two cases. Conclusion : Preoperative diffusion tensor imaging tractography can clearly show the trajectory and adjacent position of the facial nerve on the side of vestibular schwannoma, which is beneficial to accurately identify and effectively protect the facial nerve during the operation, and is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Hand hemangioma combined with aneurysm is rare and its specific clinical diagnosis and treatment method are not yet clear. In February 2021, a 49-year-old female patient with a right small finger hemangioma and aneurysm was diagnosed and treated in the Department of Hand and Foot, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital. The patient was admitted to the hospital due to a tumor in the right little finger for 1 year. A low-echo mass with blood flow in the subcutaneous layer of the right little finger was detected on Doppler ultrasound and considered a hemangioma. Other laboratory tests and physical examinations showed no obvious abnormalities. The preoperative diagnosis was a right little finger mass (hemangioma). After completing the preoperative examination, we performed a resection of the hemangioma of the right little finger. Postoperative pathology showed that the mass located on the volar side of the right little finger was consistent with an aneurysm, and the one on the dorsal side of the right little finger was consistent with a venous aneurysm. After 2 years of follow-up, there was no recurrence of the lesion.