Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of J147 on the injury of human neuroblastoma cells(SH-SY5Y)induced by high glucose(HG).Methods We established HG-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury model.Then SH-SY5Y cells were divided into blank control(Con)group HG group,HG+J147 0.5 μmol/L(HG+J147 0.5)group,HG+J147 1 μmol/L(HG+J147 1)group,HG+J147 2 μmol/L(HG+J147 2)group,HG+PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002(LY)10 μmol/L(HG+LY)group,HG+ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126(U0)5 μmol/L(HG+U0)group,HG+J147 2 μmol/L+LY 10 μmol/L(HG+J147 2+LY)group,HG+J147 2 μmol/L+U0 5 μmol/L(HG+J147 2+U0)group.Cell viability was detected by MTS cell proliferation and toxicity detection kit;LDH activity was tested by lactate dehydrogenase kit;morphological changes of SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated by microscope;cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry;and apoptosis-related proteins(Bcl-2,Bax)and signaling pathway-related proteins(p-AKT,AKT,p-ERK1/2,ERK1/2,p-CREB,CREB,BDNF)were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with Con group,the cell viability,Bcl-2/Bax ratio,p-AKT/AKT,p-ERK/ERK,p-CREB/CREB and BDNF protein expressions decreased(P<0.01),while LDH activity and apoptosis rate increased in HG group(P<0.01).Compared with HG group,the cell viability,Bcl-2/Bax ratio,p-AKT/AKT,p-ERK/ERK,p-CREB/CREB and BDNF protein expressions increased(P<0.01),while LDH activity and apoptosis rate decreased in HG+J147 2 group(P<0.01).Compared with HG+J147 2 group,the cell viability,Bcl-2/Bax ratio,p-AKT/AKT and BDNF protein expression decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while LDH activity and apoptosis rate increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the expression of p-ERK/ERK protein in HG+J147 2+LY group decreased(P<0.05),and the expression of p-CREB/CREB protein in HG+J147 2+U0 group decreased in HG+J147 2+LY and HG+J147 2+U0 groups(P<0.05).Conclusions J147 can alleviate HG-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage,and the mechanism may be related to the activation of PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling and the reduction of apoptosis.

Improper control of depth of anesthesia is not only detrimental to the rapid and stable recovery of anesthesia, but also affects the postoperative outcome of patients. Therefore, accurate control of anesthesia depth is an urgent clinical and scientific problem in the field of anesthesiology. At present, different algorithm models derived from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are used to monitor the depth of anesthesia, but they cannot meet the requirements of anesthesiologists to accurately evaluate the depth of anesthesia. In recent years, the research on the mechanism and modulation of anesthesia-related neural network suggests that it has potential value as a method to monitor depth of anesthesia. Anesthesia-related neural networks mainly include sleep-wake circuit, thalamic-cortical circuit and corticocortical network. A thorough understanding of the neural network involved in the loss of consciousness caused by anesthesia will guide the depth of anesthesia monitoring more accurately and provide possibility for improving the quality of clinical anesthesia resuscitation.

Objective To evaluate the risk factors of early gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis.Methods Clinicopathological data of 461 early gastric cancer cases admitted at Drum Tower Hospital from June 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of these 461 cases of early gastric cancer there were 338 male cases and 123 female cases,with male to female ratio of 2.74∶ 1.There were 48(10.4％) patients with lymph node metastasis.Female patients had a higher rate of metastasis (P =0.000).Lymph node metastasis rate in males,menopause females,premenopause females is 7.3％,16.3％,29.0％ respectively.Females had metastasis 5 years earlier than males (x2 =31.877,P =0.000).Metastasis rate in M invasion was 6.0％ and in SM invasion was 17.4％ (x2 =12.055,P =0.001).Conclusions There were much more males than females in early gastric cancer patients though females having a higher rate of lymph node metastasis.Gender,age and depth of invasion is independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.

Surgery is so far the most widely used and effective treatment of neoplastic diseases.However,residual tumour cells during surgery remain a major trigger of cancer recurrence and matastasis.Although intraoperative rapid pathological R0 resection can be achieved based on preoperative imageological examination,but for small satellite lesions and the naked eye can not find the error quickly and so often cause pathological presence of residual tumour cells.Thus,quick and accurate identification of residual cancer cells is crucial for prognosis of cancer patients.Indocyanine green (ICG) is a new type of fluorochrome that can stain tumours under the near-infrared fluorescence during surgery,the paper will be reviewed latest developments in the reagent for fluorescence in tumours.

OBJECTIVETo explore the tracing role of nanometer microspheres tagged by fluorescent dye NIR-797 in gastric cancer cells in order to guide precise resection for gastric cancer.

METHODSTargeted polymer segment NH2-PEG-Pep-PCL and non-targeted polymer segment NH2-PEG- PCL(without Pep) were synthesized with NH2-PEG-NH2, gelatinase substrate peptides (Pep) and PCL-COOH by amidation method. Then nanometer microspheres were prepared by self-assemebly method. NIR-797 was linked into the end of PEG through chemical reaction. Molecular weight, particle size, polydispersity and surface potentials of the nanometer microspheres were detected. Uptake degree of human gastric SGC-7901 cells with targeted and non-targeted nanometer microspheres was observed under fluorescence microscope. Fluorescence intensity of above two nanometer microspheres in tumor sites of tumor-burdened nude mice after intravenous injection of nanometer microspheres at different time points was detected by multispectral imaging system.

RESULTSThe molecular weight of NH2-PEG-Pep-PCL and NH2-PEG-PCL were similar to original design. The diameter of targeted nanometer microspheres before and after NIR-797-tagging was (124.1±2.1) nm and (129.7±2.8) nm, and the diameter of non-targeted ones before and after NIR-797-tagging was (120.6±2.6) nm and (124.3±2.9) nm (all P>0.05). Fluorescence intensity of SGC-7901 cells and tumor sites was significantly higher in the targeted nanometer microspheres group as compared to the non-targeted group.

CONCLUSIONTargeted nanometer microspheres tagged by flourescent dye have higher targeted affinity to gastric cancer cells and better enrichment in tumor site, indicating a good tracing of tumor and a guidance for accurate resection of tumor.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microspheres ; Nanoparticles ; Peptides ; Polymers ; Stomach Neoplasms

Objective To study the expression of intestinal dipeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) protein in gastric cancer patients at different nutritional status,and to explore the possible regulatory mechanism.Methods According to Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score,a total of 60 gastric cancer patients were divided into nutritional risk group (NRS 2002 score ≥ 3,n =18) and non-nutritional risk group (NRS 2002 score ＜ 3,n =42).With specimens of the small intestinal mucosa taken during operation,the expression of intestinal PEPT1 protein was detected using Western blot.The serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-o) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of PEPT1 in Caco-2 cells treated with different concentrations of TNF-α (20,50,100 μg/L) were detected using Western blot at different time points (24,48,72 hours).Results The expression of intestinal PEPT1 (0.63 vs.0.23,P =0.000) and serum TNF-o concentration (0.23 μg/L vs.0.17 μg/L,P =0.001) in the nutritional risk group were significantly higher than those in the non-nutritional risk group.In Caco-2 cells,those treated with different concentrations of TNF-α (20,50,100 μg/L) for 24 hours had significantly higher PEPT1 expression than the blank group did (0.68 vs.0.54,P =0.005 ; 0.72 vs.0.54,P =0.001 ;0.78 vs.0.54,P =0.000).The Caeo-2 cells treated with 50 μg/L TNF-α for 24,48,and 72 hours had significantly higher PEPT1 expression compared with the cells in the blank group (0.57 vs.0.52,P =0.004 ; 0.75 vs.0.52,P =0.000 ; 0.77 vs.0.52,P =0.000).Conclusion The expression of intestinal PEPT1 protein was increased in gastric cancer patients with nutritional risk,which was probably attributed to the regulation of TNF-α.

Objective To review the safety and efficacy of fast track surgery in gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The computer retrieved databases, including Pubmed, Medline, Cochrane library and Web of science, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) or controlled clinical trials (CCTS) on FTS was used in gastrectomy for gastric cancer between January 1994 and march 2014, and manual retrieval in Google.Using RevMan5.0 software analysis data that extract from collect literature.Results A total of five RCTs and two CCTs, involving 636 patients,were included, there were 309 cases in experimental group (FTS group) and 327 cases in control group.Meta-analysis showed: the FTS group had earlier postoperative flatus [WMD =-18.74, 95％ CI (-34.31,-3.17), P ＜ 0.05], shorter postoperative hospital stay [WMD =-2.46, 95％ CI (-3.75,-1.17), P=0.000 2], and lower hospital charge [SMD =-0.67, 95％ CI (-1.00,-0.34), P ＜ 0.000 1].However, there were no statistically significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the number of retrieved lymph node intraoperative, the time of catheter removal and postoperative complication rate (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion FTS in gastrectomy for gastric cancer can promote postoperative bowel function recovery, decrease postoperative hospital stay and reduce hospital charge.

Objective To explore the tracing role of nanometer microspheres tagged by fluorescent dye NIR-797 in gastric cancer cells in order to guide precise resection for gastric cancer. Methods Targeted polymer segment NH2-PEG-Pep-PCL and non-targeted polymer segment NH2-PEG-PCL(without Pep) were synthesized with NH2-PEG-NH2, gelatinase substrate peptides (Pep) and PCL-COOH by amidation method. Then nanometer microspheres were prepared by self-assemebly method. NIR-797 was linked into the end of PEG through chemical reaction. Molecular weight, particle size, polydispersity and surface potentials of the nanometer microspheres were detected. Uptake degree of human gastric SGC-7901 cells with targeted and non-targeted nanometer microspheres was observed under fluorescence microscope. Fluorescence intensity of above two nanometer microspheres in tumor sites of tumor-burdened nude mice after intravenous injection of nanometer microspheres at different time points was detected by multispectral imaging system. Results The molecular weight of NH2-PEG-Pep-PCL and NH2-PEG-PCL were similar to original design. The diameter of targeted nanometer microspheres before and after NIR-797-tagging was (124.1±2.1) nm and (129.7±2.8) nm, and the diameter of non-targeted ones before and after NIR-797-tagging was (120.6±2.6) nm and (124.3±2.9) nm (all P>0.05). Fluorescence intensity of SGC-7901 cells and tumor sites was significantly higher in the targeted nanometer microspheres group as compared to the non-targeted group. Conclusion Targeted nanometer microspheres tagged by flourescent dye have higher targeted affinity to gastric cancer cells and better enrichment in tumor site, indicating a good tracing of tumor and a guidance for accurate resection of tumor.

Objective To explore the tracing role of nanometer microspheres tagged by fluorescent dye NIR-797 in gastric cancer cells in order to guide precise resection for gastric cancer. Methods Targeted polymer segment NH2-PEG-Pep-PCL and non-targeted polymer segment NH2-PEG-PCL(without Pep) were synthesized with NH2-PEG-NH2, gelatinase substrate peptides (Pep) and PCL-COOH by amidation method. Then nanometer microspheres were prepared by self-assemebly method. NIR-797 was linked into the end of PEG through chemical reaction. Molecular weight, particle size, polydispersity and surface potentials of the nanometer microspheres were detected. Uptake degree of human gastric SGC-7901 cells with targeted and non-targeted nanometer microspheres was observed under fluorescence microscope. Fluorescence intensity of above two nanometer microspheres in tumor sites of tumor-burdened nude mice after intravenous injection of nanometer microspheres at different time points was detected by multispectral imaging system. Results The molecular weight of NH2-PEG-Pep-PCL and NH2-PEG-PCL were similar to original design. The diameter of targeted nanometer microspheres before and after NIR-797-tagging was (124.1±2.1) nm and (129.7±2.8) nm, and the diameter of non-targeted ones before and after NIR-797-tagging was (120.6±2.6) nm and (124.3±2.9) nm (all P>0.05). Fluorescence intensity of SGC-7901 cells and tumor sites was significantly higher in the targeted nanometer microspheres group as compared to the non-targeted group. Conclusion Targeted nanometer microspheres tagged by flourescent dye have higher targeted affinity to gastric cancer cells and better enrichment in tumor site, indicating a good tracing of tumor and a guidance for accurate resection of tumor.

Liposome is an artificially prepared spherical vesicle that has a phospholipid bilayer. Given that the basic structure of its biological membrane is also a lipid bilayer membrane, liposome shares similar structures with body cells Therefore, liposome has good biocompatibility and advantages such as biodegradability, low immunogenicity, and subtle toxicity. Liposome has been widely ap-plied as an effective drug carrier. Studies on liposome-encapsulated fluorescent dye on tumor tracing have been reported in recent years. Liposome can become a more advantageous transport carrier with continuous development of surface modification materials and prepa-ration methods. The long cycle, targeted liposome-encapsulated drugs, and fluorescent dye have become the focus of interest for several researchers. This article mainly discusses the application and progress of long cycle and targeted liposome in cancer research.