ObjectiveTo investigate the influenza virus infection status of influenza-like illness (ILI) at a sentinel hospital in Baoshan District of Shanghai, to explore the seasonal patterns of influenza, so as to provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in Baoshan District of Shanghai. MethodsSurveillance data and pathogenic testing results of ILI from the monitoring year of 2015 to 2023 were collected from the sentinel hospital to describe the seasonal epidemic characteristics of influenza in this district. ResultsThe proportion of ILI visits to sentinel hospital in Baoshan District of Shanghai showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2023 (Z=2.598, P=0.09). The positive rate of influenza virus in ILI was 20.43% (1 761/8 621), of which 14.17% were positive for influenza A virus, including 8.43% for influenza A/H3N2 and 5.74% for influenza A/H1N1. The positive rate of influenza B virus was 6.25%, of which the positive detection rate of influenza B/Victoria virus was 5.35%, while that of influenza B/Yamagata virus was 0.90%. Influenza B/Yamagata virus was not detected in 2019‒2023. The highest positivity rate was observed in the 5‒<15 years age group (25.57%). The positive rate of ILI was lower in males (19.90%) than that in females (20.90%). There were three patterns of influenza epidemic in the district: with year-round circulation in 2016‒2017 and 2021‒2022; with bimodal peaks in 2015‒2016, 2017‒2018 and 2022‒2023; and with one peak in 2018‒2019 and 2019‒2020. The positive rate of influenza virus exhibited seasonal variations, with influenza A virus predominated in summer and autumn. However, influenza B virus showed an increase in spring and winter. ConclusionThe influenza epidemic in Baoshan District, Shanghai exhibits diverse patterns with heterogeneous epidemiological characteristics across different age groups and seasons. Notably, children and adolescents aged 5‒<15 years constitute the key target population for influenza prevention and control. Enhanced surveillance and targeted control measures against influenza A/H3N2 lineage viruses are particularly warranted during summer and autumn seasons.

AIM:To investigate the expression of centromere protein-H(CENP-H)in adrenocortical carcino-ma(ACC)and its relationship with disease progression and prognosis,and to explore the impact of CENP-H gene knock-down on the viability and migration of ACC cells.METHODS:The mRNA expression level of CENP-H in 76 ACC pa-tients and 128 healthy controls,and its correlations with tumor stages and prognosis were analyzed by GEPIA2 database.The mRNA expression of CENP-H in different stages of ACC and its correlation with disease prognosis were further ana-lyzed by ULCAN database.The protein expression of CENP-H was examined by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded ACC and normal adrenal gland specimens.Knockdown of CENP-H by siRNA(siCENP-H)was performed in human ACC cell line H295R.The viabilty of H295R cells transfected with siCENP-H or siNC was measured by CCK-8 as-say,the cell migration was detected by wound-healing assay,and the protein levels of CENP-H,p-ERK1/2,t-ERK1/2,p-P38,t-P38,p-JNK1/2 and t-JNK1/2 were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:The mRNA level of CENP-H was signifi-cantly higher in ACC than that in normal controls,and was correlated with tumor stages and prognosis.The protein level of CENP-H was significantly higher in ACC specimens than that in normal adrenal gland.Knockdown of CENP-H in H295R cells resulted in decreased cell viability and migration.The protein levels of p-P38 and p-JNK1/2 were decreased in si-CENP-H group.CONCLUSION:CENP-H is highly expressed in ACC,and is correlated with tumor stages and poor prognosis.Knockdown of CENP-H can inhibit the viability and migration of ACC cells,and its mechanism may related to inactivation of P38 and JNK signaling pathways.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of 5,6-dimethylxanthe-none-4-acetic acid(DMXAA)on metastasis of Lewis lung cancer(LLC)in mice.METHODS The inhibi-tory effect of DMXAA on tumor metastasis was analyzed via an LLC xenograft tumor model and LLC metastatic tumor model.The mice of LLC xenograft tumor model were randomly divided into three groups:model group(physiological saline containing 1%DMSO,ip,once every two days),model+suni-tinib group(30 mg·kg-1,ip,once every two days),and model+DMXAA group(25 mg·kg-1,ip,once).Tumor volume and body mass were measured once every two days after administration.Two and five days after administration,tumor mass was measured by sacrificing the mice,followed by immunofluores-cence staining of tumor tissues.Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(CD31)and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)were used to analyze the vascular structure of tumor tissues.The tumor hypoxia level was detected using the hypoxia probe pimonidazole staining.The mice of LLC metastatic tumor model were randomly divided into three groups:model group(physiological saline containing 1%DMSO,ip,twice a week),model+sunitinib group(60 mg·kg-1,ip,twice a week),and model+DMXAA group(25 mg·kg-1,ip,once).At the Two and five weeks after administration,the in vivo tumor growth and metastasis were observed and quantified using a small animal live imaging system.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the tumor volume and mass of the model+sunitinib group and model+ DMXAA group were significantly reduced(P<0.05,P<0.01),and DMXAA took effect faster and more significantly than sunitinib.At the same time,compared with the model group,the body mass in the model+sunitinib group decreased significantly(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in body mass the model+DMXAA group.Compared with the model group,model+sunitinib had no effect on tumor metastasis,but model+DMXAA significantly reduced tumor metastasis two weeks after administration(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the coverage rate of α-SMA/CD31 in the model+sunitinib group and model+DMXAA group increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,there was no significant change in the tumor hypoxia area in the model+sunitinib group,but this in the model+DMXAA group decreased significantly(P<0.01).CONCLUSION DMXAA significantly inhibits the growth and metastasis of LLC in mice,and its mechanism may be related to its improvement of tumor vascular normalization and hyposic microenvironments.

Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment.However,irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear.The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved,impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes.Additionally,ambiguous clinical indications for root canal medication and non-standardized dressing protocols must be clarified.Inappropriate intracanal medication may present side effects and jeopardize the therapeutic outcomes.Indeed,clinicians have been aware of these concerns for years.Based on the current evidence of studies,this article reviews the properties of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments and elucidates their effectiveness and interactions.The evolution of different kinetic irrigation methods,their effects,limitations,the paradigm shift,current indications,and effective operational procedures regarding intracanal medication are also discussed.This expert consensus aims to establish the clinical operation guidelines for root canal irrigation and a position statement on intracanal medication,thus facilitating a better understanding of infection control,standardizing clinical practice,and ultimately improving the success of endodontic therapy.

Extrahepatic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension(NH-PH),a disease of portal hypertension repre-sented by extrahepatic non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis and budd-chiari syndrome,both of which are caused by splanchnic vein thrombosis and share a variety of common genetic susceptibility factors.The review summarized the research progress on genetic susceptibility to thrombotic NH-PH in recent decades,collating the reported genetic susceptibility genes and their mutation loci,as well as suggesting other potential gene tar-gets.The results of the study provided screening targets for subsequent large-sample validation in clinic,and delivered new ideas for the development of early diagnostic methods and pathogenesis of NH-PH.

Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1) inhibitor combined with albumin-binding paclitaxel and platinum in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:The clinical data of 64 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy from June 2020 to June 2020 in Huainan Dongfang Hospital Group General Hospital were 2021, the mean age was (57.76 ± 4.68) years, ranging from 36 to 69 years. The patients were randomly divided into control group ( n=32) and observation group ( n=32), the patients in the observation group were treated with PD-1 inhibitor on the basis of the control group. The therapeutic effect and safety were evaluated every 2 cycles with a treatment cycle of 21 days. SPSS26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The mean ± standard deviation ( ± s) was used for measurement data of normal distribution. T test was used for comparison between groups, and count data was expressed as n(%). Chi square test was used for comparison between groups. Results:The effective rate was 78.13% in the observation group and 53.13% in the control group ( P=0.035). Before chemotherapy, there was no significant difference in KPS scores between the two groups ( P>0.05), but after chemotherapy, the karnofsky performance scale (KPS) scores of both groups were improved, and the effect of observation group was better than that of control group ( P=0.029). The levels of serum CA125, carcinoembryonic antigen and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were not significantly different between the two groups before treatment ( P>0.05), but after treatment the levels of serum CA125, carcinoembryonic antigen and NSE were decreased in both groups, after treatment, the levels of CD3 + and CD4 + in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.001), but the levels of CD3 + and CD4 + in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05), the level of CD8 + in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P<0.001), and the level of serum inflammatory factors had no significant difference between the two groups before treatment ( P>0.05), the 2-year mortality rate in the observation group was 59.37% (19.32), which was significantly lower than that in the control group (81.25%, 26/32)( P=0.015). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P=0.768). Conclusion:PD-1 inhibitor in combination with paclitaxel and platinum is a potential treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of SR9009 and LXH0225,nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member(REV-ERB)agonists,on mood disorders and cognitive impairment in over-training mice.METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal control,over-training model,model+fluoxetine(15 mg?kg-1),model+SR9009(100 mg?kg-1)and model+LXH0225(50 mg?kg-1)groups.Mice in the normal control group were ip given15%cremophor without extra stress while those in other groups were ip given 15%cremophor or different drugs respectively 30 min before daily forced swimming stress.When stressed,mice were forced to swim in 19-21℃water for 20 min per day for 18 d.After that,locomotor activity was assessed.Rotarod test and weight-loaded swimming test were performed to measure physical strength,while open field test and stair-climbing test were performed to measure anxiety-like behavior.Tail suspension test and forced swimming test were used to measure depression-like behavior while novel object recognition test and Y maze test were conducted to measure recogni-tion function.ELISA was used to measure serum corticosterone contents.RESULTS Compared with the normal control group,the locomotor activity of mice in the model group was significantly increased(P<0.01).There were anxiety-like behaviors with a significant increase in the number of times of stair-climb-ing and rearing(P<0.01).Depression-like behaviors were observed with a significant increase immobile time in forced swimming test(P<0.01).Cognitive impairment was manifested as decreased accuracy of Y-maze spontaneous alternation response(P<0.01).The corticosterone content was significantly elevated(P<0.01)in forced swimming mice.Compared with the model group,the accuracy of Y-maze spontaneous alternations was higher(P<0.01)and the content of serum corticosterone was lower(P<0.01)in the model+fluoxetine group.The immobile time was shorter(P<0.01),the spontaneous alternation response of Y maze was was less accurate(P<0.05)and serum corticosterone content was lower(P<0.01)in the model+SR9009 group than in the model group.The latency to fall off the rotarod was longer(P<0.05),the immobile time was shorter(P<0.01)and the content of serum corticosterone was lower(P<0.01)in the model+LXH0225 group compared with the model group.CONCLUSION The REV-ERBs agonists SR9009 and LXH0225 may protect against forced swimming over-training induced mood disorders and cognitive impairment.

Humans ; Aortic Valve/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Sex Factors ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Treatment Outcome ; China ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery* ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment

Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects* ; Risk Assessment ; China ; Prognosis ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Risk Factors ; Aortic Valve

Objective:To explore the value of liver stiffness and spleen stiffness measured by two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) in predicting high-risk varices (HRV) with compensated cirrhosis patients.Methods:Seventy patients with compensated cirrhosis who attended the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from November 2019 to April 2022 were recruited. All patients underwent examinations of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) by 2D-SWE. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the occurrence of HRV. The diagnostic performances of LSM, liver stiffness (by 2D-SWE)-spleen length-to-platelet (LSPS) score, and SSM in predicting HRV were compared.Results:SSM was not technically feasible in 6/70 (8.6%) patients due to small volume of spleen.Among 64 patients with compensated cirrhosis, 30/64 (46.9%) were HRV. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that SSM and platelet counts were independent influencing factors for predicting HRV, with OR values of 1.126 ( P=0.006) and 0.971 ( P=0.039), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of LSM, LSPS score, and SSM were 0.660, 0.828 and 0.858, respectively. The AUCs of SSM and LSPS score were significantly higher than that of LSM ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference between SSM and LSPS score ( P=0.608). Conclusions:LSM and SSM measured by 2D-SWE have high success rate. SSM and LSPS score have high value in predicting HRV in patients with compensated cirrhosis, and the diagnostic performances of the above two methods are significantly higher than that of LSM.