OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effect and mechanism of desloratadine citrate disodium in mice with hypersensitivity pneumonitis （HP）. METHODS Sixty mice were randomly divided into blank control group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， prednisone group （positive control， 20 mg/kg） and desloratadine citrate disodium low-， medium- and high-dose groups （0.5， 1， 2 mg/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. Except for the blank control group， mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with ovalbumin （OVA） and exposed to OVA inhalation to establish the HP model. On day 22 post- modeling， mice in each group were administered the corresponding drugs or normal saline， once a day， for 11 consecutive days. After the last administration， lung function and airway hyperreactivity were assessed. The levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， IL-4 and IL-6 in serum as well as the levels of IL-8， IL-13 and IL-17A in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined. Pathological changes in lung tissue of mice were evaluated using Masson staining. Furthermore， the expressions of fibrosis-related proteins， including transforming growth factor β1 （TGF-β1）， type Ⅲ collagen （Col-Ⅲ） and fibronectin （FN） were determined in lung tissues. RESULTS Compared with the blank control group， the model group showed significant deterioration in lung function （P＜ 0.01）， while airway resistance and serum levels of IL-1β， IL-4， IL-6 and the levels of IL-8， IL-13 and IL-17A in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. The lung tissues exhibited alveolar collapse， atrophy， and structural disarray， along with the formation of extensive deposits of blue collagen fibers， the percentage of positive staining increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Additionally， the expression levels of TGF-β1， Col-Ⅲ， and FN proteins in the lung tissues were also increased significantly （P＜0.01）. After intervention with desloratadine citrate disodium， the pathological changes in the lung tissues of mice in each dosage group of desloratadine citrate disodium showed varying degrees of improvement， and most of the aforementioned indicator levels were significantly reversed （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Desloratadine citrate disodium can improve the lung function and airway hyperreactivity of HP mice， inhibit the release of inflammatory factors in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid， and reduce the deposition of collagen fibers. Its mechanism of action may be related to anti-inflammatory， immunomodulatory， and antifibrotic effects.

Objective:To investigate the effect of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) based catheter information platform in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in intensive care unit to improve the current status of CRBSI.Methods:In this study, a retrospective cohort study was conducted using the purposive sampling method, and 140 patients with indwelling central venous catheters admitted to the ICU of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from August to December 2021 were set as the control group; the 140 patients with indwelling central venous catheters admitted to the ICU from January to May 2022 were set as the observation group. The control group used electronic forms to record and manage at the bedside after CRBSI cluster nursing measures were given, and the observation group used the catheter information platform based on FMEA to conduct information management on catheter evaluation and maintenance process after CRBSI cluster nursing measures were given. Compared the implementation rate (6 items), implementation time, qualification rate, and incidence of CRBSI in ICU patients between two groups of ICU nurses.Results:The implementation rate of CRBSI cluster nursing measures among ICU nurses in the observation group: strict hand hygiene by nurses was 87%(122/140), maximum aseptic barrier during puncture was 97%(136/140), aseptic operation during catheter maintenance was 91%(128/140), 75% alcohol disinfection of connectors was 84%(118/140), 24-hour change of infusion lines was 95%(133/140), and timely change of patches/dressings was 89%(125/140), they were greater than those in the control group 70%(98/140), 87%(122/140), 71%(100/140), 61%(86/140), 71%(99/140), 69%(96/140), the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 9.67 to 29.07, all P<0.05); the execution time and qualification rate among ICU nurses in the observation group were (9.11 ± 2.83) minutes and 91.4% (128/140), the control group were (10.00 ± 2.84) minutes and 60.7% (85/140), with statistically significant differences ( t value was -2.64, χ2 values was 36.28, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The FMEA-based catheterization information platform can help enhance the efficiency of the implementation of CRBSI clustering nursing measures by ICU nurses, improve the quality of care, and thus reduce the occurrence of CRBSI, and the feasibility of clinical promotion is high.

This paper discusses from two aspects of case writing and PBL implementation experience. PBL cases should be based on professional requirements and reflect professional characteristics. Health inspection and quarantine cases targeted at application-oriented talent cultivation can be integrated into relevant experimental skills items. At the same time, the forms of case writing are expanded according to the differences of theme forms, which are designed as parallel cases and serial cases, so as to be applicable to the curriculum integration in different areas. In the implementation of PBL teaching, students' learning status is the key to the efficiency of classroom discussion, which determines whether the implementation of PBL is completely autonomous learning or embedded instruction. Teachers should establish cooperative learning atmosphere to improve the efficiency of classroom discussion

Objective:To understand the status quo of self-stigma of diabetic patients in college students and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study, and the convenient sampling was conducted online and offline from July 2017 to June 2020. College students with diabetes who were treated in outpatient or inpatient Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism in 5 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals were selected as the research objects, and similar patients who followed 2 diabetes public accounts were selected as online supplements. General information questionnaire and China-Self Stigma Scale (C-SSS) were used for questionnaire surveys. Data were statistically processed by t-test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, and 189 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 94.50%. The self-stigma of 80.42% of college students with diabetes mellitus was at a medium-to-high level. The total average score of C-SSS was (2.34±0.49) , of which the mean scores of cognitive dimension, emotional dimension and behavioral dimension were respectively (2.33±0.50) , (2.41±0.57) and (2.19±0.64) . The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the stigma scores of diabetic patients with different genders, family locations, parental physical conditions, diabetes types, family history, diabetes complications and insulin treatment or not ( P<0.05) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender and type of diabetes were factors affecting the self-stigma level of college students with diabetes mellitus ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The level of self-stigma in college students with diabetes mellitus is generally high. Hospitals, schools and families should strengthen cooperation and pay attention to these with high level of self-stigma. Meanwhile, early prevention and control should be targeted through dynamic tracking, psychological counseling and other interventions.

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic compound that exists in many medicinal species of Boraginaceae and Lamiaceae. The previous studies have revealed that RA had therapeutic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the H22-xenograft models by inhibiting the inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB p65 pathway in the tumor microenvironment. However, its molecular mechanisms of immunoregulation and pro-apoptotic effect in HCC have not been fully explored. In the present study, RA at 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg was given to H22 tumor-bearing mice via gavage once a day for 10 days. The results showed that RA can effectively inhibit the tumor growth through regulating the ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ and the secretion of interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon-γ, inhibiting the expressions of IL-6, IL-10 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, thereby up-regulating Bax and Caspase-3 and down-regulating Bcl-2. The underlying mechanisms involved regulation of immune response and induction of HCC cell apoptosis. These results may provide a more comprehensive perspective to clarify the anti-tumor mechanism of RA in HCC.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Boraginaceae ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Caspase 3 ; Cytokines ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukins ; Lamiaceae ; Mice ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; Therapeutic Uses ; Tumor Microenvironment

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference between acupuncture and estazolam on arousal state in patients of primary insomnia, and to explore its nerve electrophysiology mechanism.

METHODSSixty-four patients of primary insomnia were randomized into an acupuncture group (32 cases) and a medication group (32 cases). After 3 patients were excluded, 31 cases in the acupuncture group and 30 cases in the medication group were included. Patients in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Anmian (Extra), Shenmen (HT 7), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zhaohai (KI 6), Shenmai (BL 62) as main acupoints, combined with supporting acupoints, once a day, five times per week, continuously for 4 weeks. Patients in the medication group were treated with oral administration of estazolam, once a day, continuously for 4 weeks. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and mean sleep latency (MSL) of multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) were compared before and after treatment in the two groups; the polysomnography (PSG) was applied to monitor the indices regarding sleep structure.

RESULTSCompared before treatment, PSQI score was reduced after treatment in the two groups (both<0.01), which was more significant in the acupuncture group (<0.05). Compared before treatment, sleep onset latency (SOL), number of awakenings (NWAK) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) were reduced, while total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE) were significantly increased in the two groups after treatment (all<0.01). Compared before treatment, the percentage of non-rapid eye movement period 1/2/3 (N1, N2, N3) and the percentage of rapid eye movement period (REM) to TST were not significantly changed after treatment in the medication group (all>0.05). Compared before treatment, the percentage of N1, N2 to TST was reduced, while the percentage of N3 and REM to TST was increased after treatment in the acupuncture group (<0.01). The SOL, NWAK, WASO, TST, SE were not statistically changed after treatment in each group (all>0.05). Compared with the medication group, the percentage of N1 and N2 was reduced while that of N3 and REM was increased after treatment in the acupuncture group (all<0.01). After treatment, MSL of MSLT were obviously decreased in the two groups (both<0.01), which were more significant in the acupuncture group (<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAcupuncture can more effectively improve sleep quality of primary insomnia than estazolam, and is more beneficial for regulation of hyperarousal state.

BACKGROUND:The occurrence and severity of denture stomatitis are closely related to denture cleaning methods and wearing time. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the effects of denture cleansers on denture surface roughness and color stability.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of four different denture cleansers on the surface roughness and color stability of heat-curing denture base resins and elastic denture base materials by means of soaking test.METHODS: Samples of heat-curing denture base resins (n=25) and elastic denture base materials (n=25) were polished and soaked in NaClO, Efferdent, Polident partial, Polident overnight and water, respectively. The soak process was repeated 90 times. Then the color aberration and surface roughness were tested using color meter and roughmeter before soaking and after 30, 60, 90 times of soaking.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:These four kinds of denture cleansers have greater influence on the elastic denture base materials than on the heat-curing denture base resins. With the increasing of soaking time, the color aberration and surface roughness of the two kinds of denture materials were increased gradualy after treatment with different denture cleansers, and the values were ranked as follows: NaClO > Efferdent > Polident overnight > Polident partial and water. To conclude, denture cleansers can induce the changes in denture surface roughness and color stability of heat-curing denture base resins and elastic denture base materials. NaClO exerts the strongest effect, followed by Efferdent and Polident overnight, and Polident partial exhibits the weakest effect.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in depression relief in the treatment of depressive disorder at the acute stage between the combined therapy of acupuncture and 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) selective serotonini reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and the single application of SSRIs and explore the impact on the imbalance of 5-HT and TH1/TH2.

METHODSNinety cases of depressive disorder at the acute stage were randomized into a combined therapy group and a medication group, 45 cases in each one. In the medication group, SSRIs were prescribed forl oral administration, once or twice a day, continuously for 4 weeks. In the combined therapy group, on the basis of treatment as the medication group, acupuncture was combined. The main acupoints were Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 29), Shenting (GV 24), Fengchi (GB 20), Dazhui (GV 14) and Sishencong (EX-HN 1), once every two. days, continuously for 4 weeks. Before treatment, and after the 1st, 2nd and 4th weeks of treatment, the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate the depression severity. Separately, before and after the 4 weeks of treatment, the levels of serum 5-HT, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were determined and compared with those in 45 cases of the healthy group.

RESULTSHAMD score was reduced in the 1st, 2nd and 4th weeks of treatment as compared with that before treatment in the combined therapy group (all P<0 01). HAMD score was reduced in the 2nd and 4th weeks of treatment as compared with that before treatment in the medication group (all P<0. 01). HAMD scores in the combined therapy group were lower than those in the medication group in the 1st, 2nd and 4th weeks of treatment (all P< 0. 01). Before treatment, in the combined therapy group and the medication group, the levels of serum 5-HT, IL-4 and IL-10 were all lower than those in the healthy group (all P<0. 01); the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were higher than those in the healthy group (all P<0. 01). In the combined therapy group and the medication group, the levels of 5-HT, IL-4 and IL-10 in 4 weeks of treatment were all increased as compared with those before treatment (all P<0. 01), and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were lower than those before treatment (all P<0. 01). In the combined therapy group, the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in 4 weeks of treatment were lower than those in the medication group, and the levels of 5-HT, IL-4 and IL-10 were higher than those in the medication group (P<0. 01, P< 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of acupuncture and SSRIs achieves much quicker and more effective re-' sult for relieving depression in the patients of depressive disorder as compared with simple oral administration of' SSRIs, and much more contributes to adjust the imbalance of serum 5-HT and TH1/TH2.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Antidepressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Depressive Disorder ; blood ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-1beta ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serotonin ; blood ; Th1 Cells ; metabolism ; Th2 Cells ; metabolism ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND:In recent years, based on high-throughput molecular imaging, integration of genomics, proteomics and computer aided design and the application of correlative “technical chains” have achieved great achievements in the research of breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer and melanin tumor. However, there are few researches on oral squamous cel carcinoma. OBJECTIVE:To detect the gene expression profile of the oral squamous cel carcinoma tissue and normal paracarcinoma tissue using DNA chip-based gene expression profile. METHODS:Two samples of oral squamous cel carcinoma tissue and normal paracarcinoma tissue of patients who received treatment at Stomatological Hospital of Guangdong Province of China in 2013 were included in this study. The gene expression profiles of oral squamous cel carcinoma and normal paracarcinoma tissue were determined by the Roche NimbleGen gene expression microarrays. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to screening criteria of differential genes, 7 872 out of 32 448 detected genes were differentialy expressed genes of oral squamous cel carcinoma, which accounts for 24% of the total number of the screening genes. 3 800 genes were up-regulated, and 4 072 were down-regulated. The results confirm that through detection with the help of gene expression profile clip, 7 872 differentialy expressed genes were obtained through DNA chip-based gene expression profiles according to the screening criteria. Thus it can be concluded that the occurrence and development of the tumors are not a result of single or several genes. Previous experiments based on a single or several genes have great limitations. These findings also suggest that the occurrence of tumor is a result of mutual regulatory effects of many genes forming a network, moreover, the interactions of the network is quite complicated.

Objective To explore the effect of knowledge , attitude, belief, and practice ( KABP ) model on self-care skills among elder patients with diabetic foot .Methods Seventy-seven elder patients were divided into the intervention group ( n=38 ) and control group ( n=39 ) .The KABP model was used in the intervention group , and the traditional teaching method was used in the control group .The patients were investigated with diabetic foot self-carequestionnaire and diabetic footself-efficacyscale ( DSES ) when they admitted into the hospital and after the intervention .Results The total score of self-care and DSES between the groups had no significant difference ( P >0.05 ).After 3months intervention, the self-care score of the intervention group and the control group were (67.63 ±15.23) and (50.65 ±21.03).The DSES score of the intervention group and the control group were (121.06 ±26.70) and (104.15 ±21.13).There were significant differences between groups (t =18.298,18.016, respectively;P <0.01).The self-care and DSES score compared before and after the intervention had significant differences ( P <0.01).Conclusions Health education using the KAP model can efficiently enhance their self-care skills and diabetic foot self-efficacy.