Objective To observe the effect of BOC-Phe-Leu-Phe-Leu-Phe(BOC2)on the expression of six types of mitochondrial N-formyl peptides(NFPs)in blood and two formyl peptide receptors(FPRs)in pancreatic tissue of rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),and to explore its mechanism of alleviating inflammatory damage of SAP.Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:the sham group,the SAP model group,the BOC2 low-dose and the BOC2 high-dose group(0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg),with 10 animals in each group.The SAP model was prepared by retrograde injection of 5%sodium taurocholate(50 mg/kg)into biliary and pancreatic ducts in the last 3 groups.BOC2 was intraperitoneally injected at 0.5 hours after SAP modeling,and samples were taken 4 hours after modeling.HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in pancreas.Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of NFPs in plasma.IHC staining was used to detect the expression of FPRs in pancreatic tissue.ELISA was used to detect interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α levels in plasma.qPCR was used to detect expression levels of inflammatory factors in local pancreatic tissue.Results Compared with the model group,the BOC2 high-dose group and the BOC2 low-dose group showed improvement in pathological phenomena,such as pancreatic bleeding,acinar cell necrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration and edema.The pancreatic injury score,pancreatic FPRs expression,plasma MT-ND1,MT-ND2,MT-ND3,MT-ND5,MT-ND6 expression,as well as expression levels of three inflammatory factors in plasma and local pancreatic tissue,were significantly reduced(P＜0.05).Conclusion BOC2 can reduce the production of inflammatory factors and alleviate SAP inflammatory damage by antagonizing mitochondrial NFPs/FPRs signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the behavior and the mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory evoked potential of autistic children.Methods:Thirty-four autistic children were randomly divided into an anode stimulation group ( n=19) and a pseudo-stimulation group ( n=16). Both groups were given one hour of routine rehabilitation five times a week for 4 weeks, while the anode stimulation group was additionally provided with 20 minutes of tDCS 3 times a week. Before and after the treatment, both groups′ behavior was evaluated by using autism behavior checklist (ABC) as well as any changes in MMN of the auditory evoked EEG signals. Results:There were no significant differences between the two groups in any of the measurements before the treatment. Afterwards behavior had improved significantly in both groups, with significantly greater improvement in the stimulated group. In the stimulated group the average MMN amplitude had increased significantly and the average latency had decreased significantly. However, no such significant changes were observed in the pseudo-stimulation group. There was a significant linear correlation between the changes in the incubation period of MMN components and the improvements in ABC, vestibular functioning, tactile defense and proprioception.Conclusion:Anodal tDCS combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy can effectively increase the MMN amplitude and shorten the latency in autistic children, improving their brain function.

Objective To explore the risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) in patients after open biliary surgery excluding cholecystectomy. Methods Clinical data of 241 patients who underwent open biliary surgery excluding cholecystectomy in Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital between April and May 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. There were 109 males and 132 females, aged from 24 to 77 and with a median age of 58 years old. General data of the patients were collected and SSI was observed. Related risk factors for SSI of the patients were analyzed using logistic regression, and the preventive treatments were summarized. Results The incidence of postoperative SSI was 8.3% (20/241). All SSI occurred on postoperative 1-14 d, with a median of 4 d. There were 10 cases whose SSI occurred at the abdomen, 8 cases at the biliary tract and 2 at the incision. Among the 20 cases with SSI, 15 cases suffered from bacterial infection, 1 case suffered from fungal infection and no bacteria was cultured in 4 cases. Multi-factor logistic regression analysis results showed that choledochojejunostomy, preoperative WBC >10×109/L and drainage tube indwelling time >8 d were the independent risk factors for SSI of these patients(OR=0.332,0.177,0.235;P<0.05).Conclusions SSI of patients with open biliary surgery excluding cholecystectomy is closely related to choledochojejunostomy, bile duct inflammation and postoperative drainage. It is of great significance to effectively control bile duct inflammation and ensure postoperative unobstructed drainage in preventing SSI after biliary surgery.

Objective To analyze the distribution of various genotypes of human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein N ( HCMV gN) in patients with HIV infection; to investigate the effects of HCMV-HIV co-in-fection on disease progression and the relationships between HCMV gN genotypes and disease progression. Methods Patients with active HCMV infection were screened out from 359 patients with HIV infection by using the pp65 antigenemia assay.The genes encoding HCMV gN ( UL73 ) were amplified by nested PCR ( nPCR) .The amplicons were digested by restriction enzymes including MboⅠ, ScaⅠ and SalⅠ.Then, the restricted fragment length polymorphisms were further analyzed on 4%agarose gel.The relationships be-tween HCMV genotypes and the morbidity and mortality of acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) were investigated via a prospective study.Results Among the 359 patients with HIV infection, 28 subjects were positive for the HCMV pp65 antigenemia assay.The HCMV gN genotypes in 20 patients with active HCMV infection were distributed as: gN-3a (4/20, 20%), gN-1 (4/20, 20%), gN-4d (1/20, 5%), gN-4b (1/20, 5%) and mixed infection (10/20, 50%).Patients with HCMV-HIV co-infection were more likely to develop AIDS during the follow-up period (RR=9.78).Patients harboring HCMV gN-1 and gN-4 genotypes would seem likely to have 4.6 times of chance leading to AIDS-associated death than those harbo-ring other HCMV gN genotypes.Conclusion HCMV infection ( especially gN-1 and gN-4 genotypes) might accelerate the progression of HIV infection.

Objective To analyze and identify the chemical composition in water extracts from Hugu capsule and provide evidence for its pharmacological study and quality control. Methods A HPLC-DAD method was used. The separation was performed on Kromasil C18 column with acetonitrile and 1%glacial acetic acid as mobile phase by gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The chemical composition in water extracts from Hugu capsule were identified by comparison with the related chromatographic fingerprint. Results Thirteen characteristic peaks were found in the HPLC chromatographic fingerprint, and four peaks were identified. Conclusion The HPLC-DAD fingerprint expressed the general character of the chemical composition in water extracts from Hugu capsule. It can be used for qualitative analysis of water extracts from Hugu capsule, and improve the quality of Hugu capsule.

Objective To investigate the anti-rotavirus effect of Gegen Qinlian decoction on rotavirus (RV)-inducing diarrhea neonatal mice model, and provide evidences for pharmacological and pharmacodynamic studies. Methods Neonatal diarrhea mice model of Kunming family infected with RV-Wa was developed. Symptom, diarrhea ratio and severity level, histological changes of neonatal mice’s small intestine and lung was assessed after Gegen Qinlian decoction (0.78 g/kg) treatment. Results Diarrhea ratio, diarrhea severity level, histological changes of neonatal mice’s small intestine and lung were obviously decreased after Gegen Qinlian decoction (0.78 g/kg) treatment. Conclusion Gegen Qinlian decoction has anti-rotavirus effect on RV induced diarrhea.

Objective To investigate the effects of aloperine (ALO) on a model of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis in C57BL/6 mice.Methods Repeated colitis was induced by administration of four cycles of 4％ DSS.The severity of colitis was assessed on the basis of clinical signs,ratio of colon weight and colon length,and histological grading scores.Moreover,secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) and plasma haptoglobin (HP) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the changes of mRNA expression of ICAM-1and MIF gene in colorectal tissue were detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction using SYBR Green Ⅰ.Results ALO administration significantly attenuated the colon damage,caused substantial reductions of the rise in HP,and maintained the level of cecum S-IgA.ALO inhibited the ICAM-1mRNA expression and had no effect on MIF mRNA expression.Conclusion The effect of ALO on DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice is investigated for the first time,which suggests that ALO could be an attractive therapeutic candidate in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective To develop a qualitative and quantitative simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents in total alkaloid in Sophora alopecuroides (TASA). Methods In the experiment, a new and simple HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous determination of multiple constituents in TASA was developed. The separation was performed on a Kromasil C,8 column (250mmx4.6mm,5.0pm) eluted with 0.02 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (adjusted pH 4.3 using 1% glacial acetic acid) and acetonitrile (75:25) at a flow-rate of 0.7 mUmin. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nn. Results Five constituents (sophoridine, matrine, oxymatnne, aloperme, and lehmamune) were simultaneously analyzed in this study. Four of them were identified and determinated by the developed method. The calibration curves exhibited linear regressions (r~2>0.9995). The injection precision, the intra-day precision, and the ana hsis repeatability were validated with the RSD values less than 5.0%. The mean recoveries of the four constituents were ranged from 98.62% to 100.20%, and the RSD values were all less than 3.37%. Conclusion This method is convenient, fast, accurate, and is applicable to analyze the multi-constituents in TASA.