Objective:To investigate the current situation of the use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for portal hypertension, which should aid the development of TIPS in China.Methods:The China Portal Hypertension Alliance (CHESS) initiated this study that comprehensively investigated the basic situation of TIPS for portal hypertension in China through network research. The survey included the following: the number of surgical cases, main indications, the development of Early-TIPS, TIPS for portal vein cavernous transformation, collateral circulation embolization, intraoperative portal pressure gradient measurement, commonly used stent types, conventional anticoagulation and time, postoperative follow-up, obstacles, and the application of domestic instruments.Results:According to the survey, a total of 13 527 TIPS operations were carried out in 545 hospitals participating in the survey in 2021, and 94.1% of the hospital had the habit of routine follow-up after TIPS. Most hospitals believed that the main indications of TIPS were the control of acute bleeding (42.6%) and the prevention of rebleeding (40.7%). 48.1% of the teams carried out early or priority TIPS, 53.0% of the teams carried out TIPS for the cavernous transformation of the portal vein, and 81.0% chose routine embolization of collateral circulation during operation. Most of them used coils and biological glue as embolic materials, and 78.5% of the team routinely performed intraoperative portal pressure gradient measurements. In selecting TIPS stents, 57.1% of the hospitals woulel choose Viator-specific stents, 57.2% woulel choose conventional anticoagulation after TIPS, and the duration of anticoagulation was between 3-6 months (55.4%). The limitation of TIPS surgery was mainly due to cost (72.3%) and insufficient understanding of doctors in related departments (77.4%). Most teams accepted the domestic instruments used in TIPS (92.7%).Conclusions:This survey shows that TIPS treatment is an essential part of treating portal hypertension in China. The total number of TIPS cases is far from that of patients with portal hypertension. In the future, it is still necessary to popularize TIPS technology and further standardize surgical indications, routine operations, and instrument application.

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of different doses and withdrawal time of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide （VCD） on the reproductive endocrine levels of female rats， and to explore the effective， stable， and safe dosage of VCD for constructing a premature ovarian insufficiency （POI） rat model. MethodSD rats with regular estrous cycles were randomly divided into three groups： blank group， low-dose VCD group （80 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）， and high-dose VCD group （160 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）， with 24 rats in each group. After drug intervention， samples were collected on the 15th day （D15） and the 45th day （D45） after intervention. The general condition， rate of estrous cycle disturbance， serum hormone levels， ovarian histomorphology， follicle count， pregnancy outcome， and the protein and mRNA expression of transforming growth factor （TGF）-β and Smad2/3 were assessed. ResultCompared with the blank group， the low-dose VCD group showed no significant differences in the rate of estrous cycle disturbance or serum follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and estradiol （E₂） levels. Ovarian tissue was damaged. Specifically， the number of primordial and primary follicles decreased on D15 （P<0.01）， and the number of secondary follicles （P<0.01） and antral follicles （P<0.05） further decreased on D45. The litter number decreased on D15 （P<0.05）， but there was no significant difference on D45. Furthermore， TGF-β protein levels increased on D15 （P<0.05） and D45 （P<0.01）. The Smad2/3 levels increased on D45 （P<0.01）， and TGF-β and Smad2/3 mRNA levels increased on D45 （P<0.05）. Compared with the results in the blank group， the disturbance rate of the estrous cycle increased on D45 in the high-dose VCD group （P<0.01）. The serum of FSH and LH increased （P<0.01）， while E₂ decreased （P<0.05）. Ovarian tissue was damaged， and the downward trend of follicles at all levels was similar to that in the low-dose VCD group. The litter number significantly decreased on D15 and D45. TGF-β and Smad2/3 protein levels increased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and TGF-β mRNA increased on D45 （P<0.05）. ConclusionHigh-dose VCD is an ideal method for constructing a POI rat model， being effective， stable， and safe.

To study the technical principles and case analysis of typical fault of fully automatic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)analyzer,in order to improve the usage effect of the analyzer.The microparticle enzyme immunoassay(MEIA)analysis technique was used to complete the ELISA test.The main calibration,standard calibration,qualitative calibration and calibration solution correction were used as the calibration methods of the ELISA analyzer to improve the analytic precision of ELISA.By analyzing the cases of typical faults encountered during the use of the fully automatic ELISA analyzer,such as washing machine,startup initialization alarm,boot disk,sampling arm and filter,the corresponding solutions of fault were proposed to provide reference for the maintenance and management of the fully automatic ELISA analyzer at later stage.

Objective To explore the early predictors of macrolide-unresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MUMPP)and construct a nomogram prediction model.Methods The clinical data of 159 chil-dren with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to Februar-y 2024 were retrospectively collected.According to the time of admission,they were divided into modeling group(112 cases)and validation group(47 cases).The modeling group was further divided into MUMPP group(51 cases)and MPP group(61 cases)according to the drug response.The clinical data and laboratory indexes of each group were compared.The independent predictors of MUMPP were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis,and a nomogram prediction model was constructed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,area under the curve(AUC),decision curve,calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test were used to evaluate the discrimination,clinical practicability and calibration of the model.Results The systemic immune inflammation index(SII),C-reactive protein(CRP)/albumin(ALB)and D-dimer were independent influencing factors of MUMPP(P＜0.05).The AUC was 0.938(95％CI 0.890-0.986)in the modeling group and 0.912(95％CI 0.832-0.992)in the validation group.x2 was 3.768 and P was 0.877 in Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test,threshold probability between 5％and 99％had high net clinical benefit.Conclusion The nomogram prediction model established by SII,CRP/ALB and D-dimer has good prediction accuracy and high clinical application value for children with MUMPP.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of bortezomib-related peripheral neuropathy (BIPN) and the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of patients in treatment of multiple myeloma (MM).Methods:The clinical data of 71 newly diagnosed MM patients treated with BD (bortezomib + dexamethasone) regimen in Yancheng First People's Hospital from March 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The bone marrow morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, molecular biology (MICM), routine electrophysiological examination before and after treatment were performed. All patients were divided into the peripheral neuropathy (PN) group and the non-PN group according to the presence or not of BIPN, and the clinicopathological differences of both groups were also compared; a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the occurrence of PN. The electrophysiological characteristics were summarized and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect karyotype of BIPN patients.Results:Among 71 MM patients, there were 40 cases (56.3%) of PN and 31 cases (43.7%) of non-PN. The proportion of patients at international staging system (ISS) staging Ⅲ, and the levels of IgA, IgG, IgM, serum creatinine, β 2-microglobulin (β 2-MG) in the PN group were higher than those in the non-PN group, and hemoglobin (Hb) level in the PN group was lower than that in the non-PN group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that increased IgA ( OR = 1.151, 95% CI 1.012-1.309, P = 0.033), increased IgG ( OR = 1.055, 95% CI 1.000~1.112, P = 0.049), increased IgM ( OR = 1.010, 95% CI 1.001-1.018, P = 0.022), increased serum creatinine ( OR = 1.037, 95% CI 1.011~1.065, P = 0.005), increased β 2-MG ( OR = 1.564, 95% CI 1.039-2.354, P = 0.032) were risk factors for BIPN. Among 40 patients with BIPN, 33 cases (82.5%) of sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) were abnormal, 23 cases (57.5%) of motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) were abnormal; 31 cases (77.5%) showed demyelination damage, 9 cases (22.5%) had axonal damage. Among 40 patients with BIPN, 24 cases underwent FISH detection, including 19 cases (79.2%) with chromosomal mutations, of which 12 cases (50.0%) were mixed subtype abnormal. Conclusions:MM patients with high levels of β 2-MG, IgA, IgG, IgM and serum creatinine are more prone to PN when treated with bortezomib. The electrophysiology of patients with BIPN is mainly characterized by demyelination of sensory nerves.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia is a primary lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia, and is generally considered to be a subtype of lichen planopilaris due to similar histopathological changes. Its etiology is still unclear. With the deepening of research on this disease, more and more cases of frontal fibrosing alopecia have been reported in China and other countries. This review summarizes research progress in pathogenesis, clinical and pathological characteristics, and treatment of frontal fibrosing alopecia.

Objective:To evaluate modified Lanza score (MLS) of gastric mucosa for predicting the prognosis of geriatric patients with sepsis.Methods:Data of 50 patients with sepsis, who were over 60 years old and underwent gastroscopy for suspected gastrointestinal bleeding in the Department of Geriatric Critical Care Medicine of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to April 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the death group ( n=32) and the survival group ( n=18) according to their regression within 28 days after gastroscopy. Their gastric mucosa was scored by using MLS system, and the mortality of patients with MLS≥1 was calculated, then the patients were further divided into 2 groups, MLS=0-2 ( n=23, less than 2 regions of lesions ) and MLS=3-5 ( n=27, two or more regions of lesions). The relationship between MLS and acute physiology and chronic health status evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ score, risk factor of death and mortality in each group were compared. The correlation between MLS and mortality was analyzed. The influence of geriatric sepsis risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients within 28 days were analyzed by using logistic regression. Results:Among the 50 geriatric patients with sepsis, those with gastric mucosal lesions, i.e., MLS ≥1, accounted for 68.00% (34/50), including 84.38% (27/32) patients with MLS≥1 in the death group, which was significantly higher than the 38.89% (7/18) patients with MLS≥1 in the survival group ( χ 2=10.593, P<0.001). Patients with MLS=3-5 had significantly higher APACHE Ⅱ scores (26.09±6.47 VS 18.57±7.66, t=3.527, P=0.001) and higher mortality [85.19% (23/27) VS 39.13% (9/23), χ 2=11.434, P=0.001] compared with MLS=0-2. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between MLS and mortality ( r=0.886, P=0.019). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MLS=4-5 was an independent risk factor for death in geriatric patients with sepsis ( OR=17.055, 95% CI: 1.387-209.744, P=0.027). Conclusion:MLS presents high sensitivity in predicting 28-day outcomes for geriatric patients with sepsis. Two or more than 2 regions of gastric mucosal lesions can significantly increase the risk of death in geriatric patients with sepsis.

Objective:To investigate the familial inheritances, clinical features, treatments and outcomes of familial Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) patients.Methods:The clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, diagnosis and treatments, and follow-up data of 6 familial WM patients who were admitted to Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital from June 2002 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and the literature was reviewed.Results:Among 6 WM patients, 4 patients had dizziness and fatigue at the onset, 1 patient had recurrent low-grade fever and abnormal sweating as the first manifestations, 1 patient was hospitalized due to pulmonary infection, and WM was found later. Two brothers of the patients were diagnosed with WM, another 2 brothers of the patients had IgM-type monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) during the physical examination. All the 6 patients were middle-aged/elderly men, with a median age of 63 years old (51-70 years old). The median follow-up time were 71.5 months (4-217 months), and by the end of the follow-up (June 2020), 2 cases died of pulmonary infection, and 1 of them developed acute myeloid leukemia; the other 4 cases were in regular chemotherapy. Two IgM-MGUS patients were followed up without symptoms.Conclusions:WM patients have familial aggregation, and their clinical manifestations are highly heterogeneous. Patients with family history may have poor prognosis. It is necessary to strengthen the awareness of WM and family history screening.

Background: ASF was first reported in Kenya in 1910 in 1921. In China, ASF spread to 31 provinces including Henan and Jiangsu within six months after it was first reported on August 3, 2018. The epidemic almost affected the whole China, causing direct economic losses of tens of billions of yuan. Cause great loss to our pig industry. As ELISA is cheap and easy to operate, OIE regards it as the preferred serological method for ASF detection. P54 protein has good antigenicity and is an ideal antigen for detection. Objective: To identify a conservative site in the African swine fever virus (ASFV) p54 protein and perform a Cloth-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting the ASFV antibody in order to reduce risks posed by using the live virus in diagnostic assays.Method: We used bioinformatics methods to predict the antigen epitope of the ASFV p54 protein in combination with the antigenic index and artificially synthesized the predicted antigen epitope peptides. Using ASFV-positive serum and specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), we performed indirect ELISA and blocking ELISA to verify the immunological properties of the predicted epitope polypeptide. Results: The results of our prediction revealed that the possible antigen epitope regions were A23–29, A36–45, A72–94, A114–120, A124–130, and A137–150. The indirect ELISA showed that the peptides A23–29, A36–45, A72–94, A114–120, and A137–150 have good antigenicity.Moreover, the A36–45 polypeptide can react specifically with the mAb secreted by hybridoma cells, and its binding site contains a minimum number of essential amino acids in the sequence 37DIQFINPY44. Conclusions Our study confirmed a conservative antigenic site in the ASFV p54 protein and its amino acid sequence. A competitive ELISA method for detecting ASFV antibodies was established based on recombinant p54 and matching mAb. Moreover, testing the protein sequence alignment verified that the method can theoretically detect antibodies produced by pigs affected by nearly all ASFVs worldwide.

Objective:To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.Methods:The data in the Oncomine database was used to analyze the difference of TLR8 mRNA expression between DLBCL tumor tissues and normal lymphocytes, and the result was verified in two independent subsets GSE 25638 and GSE 32018 of the NCBI-GEO database. The OSDLBCL online survival analysis tool was used to analyze the correlation of TLR8 mRNA relative expression level with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of DLBCL patients. Gene ontology bioprocess (GO_BP) enrichment analysis was performed by using GSEA software. The correlation of TLR8 mRNA expression with tumor immune cell infiltration degree and immune checkpoint-related molecule expression was analyzed by TIMER online tool website. A total of 53 DLBCL patients who underwent lymph node biopsy in Yancheng No. 1 People's Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TLR8 protein, and its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed.Results:The analysis result of data from Oncomine and GEO databases showed that the relative expression levels of TLR8 mRNA in tumor tissues of patients with DLBCL or activated B cell-like DLCBL were higher than those in normal lymphocytes (all P < 0.001). The results of OSDLBCL online survival analysis indicated that the OS ( P = 0.020) and PFS ( P = 0.004) in DLBCL patients with high TLR8 mRNA expression were worse than those in patients with low TLR8 mRNA expression. The level of TLR8 was related to the abnormal function of immune response, cytokine metabolism and DNA damage monitoring; the result of TIMER online analysis showed that the expression level of TLR8 mRNA was positively related to the degree of neutrophil infiltration ( r = 0.78, P < 0.001) and the expression of immunosuppressive molecules [HAVCR2 ( r = 0.85, P < 0.001), LAG3 ( r = 0.63, P < 0.001), CD274 ( r = 0.77, P < 0.001), TIGIT ( r = 0.32, P = 0.037), and C10ORF54 ( r = 0.34, P = 0.029)]. Among 53 DLBCL patients, 29 patients (54.7%) had low expression of TLR8 protein and 24 patients (45.3%) had high expression of TLR8 protein. There were statistical differences in the expressions of TLR8 protein in DLBCL patients with different serum lactate dehydrogenase and β 2-microglobulin levels (both P < 0.05). Conclusions:TLR8 is highly expressed in DLBCL patients, and TLR8 may be a prognostic marker of DLBCL.