The incidence of psycho-cardiological diseases， i.e.， cardiovascular diseases combined with psychological disorders， is increasing year by year. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） plays a role in the pathogenesis of such diseases. According to the theory of collateral diseases， our team innovates the concept of regulating mental activity by dredging collaterals in the treatment of psycho-cardiological diseases and summarizes the concepts of "heart of Qi and collaterals" and "heart of vessels and collaterals". We believe that obstructed collaterals and disturbed mental activity run through the whole course of psycho-cardiological diseases， being the core pathogenesis. BDNF closely related to the core pathogenesis can regulate nerve and vascular inflammation， alleviate oxidative stress， and mediate a variety of signaling pathways， thereby promoting the survival and repair of nerve cells and vascular endothelial cells to regulate emotion and protect the heart. Therefore， BDNF is one of the potential biomarkers for clinical treatment of psycho-cardiological diseases. Collateral obstruction caused by blood stasis is specifically manifested as collateral deficiency， blood stasis， and Qi stagnation in collaterals. It can easily lead to inflammation， free radical generation， and antioxidant system changes in the patients with psycho-cardiological diseases， which can cause oxidative stress damage， affect the BDNF level， and result in mental disorders， such as anxiety and depression. Disturbed mental activity is mainly caused by the disturbance in the heart of Qi and collaterals， which is specifically manifested as the disturbance of the mind and liver soul. It is prone to cause anxiety or depression symptoms， which is closely related to the BDNF-mediated abnormal activation of neural circuits， nerve injury， and inflammation. This article elaborates on the theoretical connotation and pathological mechanism of regulating mental activity by dredging collaterals in the treatment of psycho-cardiological diseases from the perspective of BDNF， aiming to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of psycho-cardiological diseases and collateral diseases.

Objective: To understand the status quo of school bullying among middle school students in Anhui Province and its correlation with family environment and education methods of students related to school bullying, so as to provide corresponding prevention and controlling measures against school bullying. Methods: The investigation has been conducted on the occurrence of school bullying among middle school students ranging from junior grade one to senior grade three in Hefei, Wuhu, Fuyang of Anhui Province, during which up to 1 826 students information has been gathered through Questionnaire Atar Platform using the school bullying scale and self designed questionnaire. SPSS 26.0 statistical software has been applied for data analysis. Results: The incidence of bullying was 41.40%, and among them, 14.46% were reported to bully others, 39.59% of them were of being bullied, and 12.65% of them were reported of bullying others and being bullied at the same time. Multivariate Logistic regression corrected model showed that quiet relationship with mother ( OR=1.76, 95%CI =1.22-2.53) was a risk factor for the bully, quiet relationship with father( OR=1.89, 95%CI=1.47-2.43 ), reorganized family ( OR=2.28, 95%CI =1.22-4.29) were the risk factors for the bullied, quiet/poor relationship between parents ( OR=1.52, 95%CI=1.06-2.17; OR=3.15, 95%CI =1.79-5.57) was a risk factor for the bully-bullied; Punishment and abuse( OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.10-1.90; OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.48-2.23; OR=1.47, 95%CI = 1.10- 1.96) were risk factors for the above three behaviors( P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of school bullying is influenced by family environment and rearing style. In daily life, parents should be mindful of maintaining a good family relationship, fostering active communication with child, which can reduce the occurrence of school bullying.

Objectives:To investigate the clinical value of endoscopy and mucosal histology for digestive tract diseases in infants.Methods:Clinical data of 357 infants who underwent 422 gastrointestinal endoscopies from January 2010 to December 2021 were collected. The indications, endoscopic manifestations, histological features of mucosa and diagnosis were analyzed.Results:A total of 159 gastroscopies and 263 colonoscopies were performed. Diarrhea (185 cases), bloody stool (178 cases) and vomiting (46 cases) were common symptoms. Endoscopy showed manifestations including non-specific inflammatory changes (265 cases), ulcer-like changes (72 cases), and normal mucusa (48 cases). A total of 373 biopsies were performed, including 260 cases of abnormal mucosal histology, 109 cases of normal mucosal histology, and 4 cases of too small biopsy specimens for analysis. Diagnoses were 208 cases of anaphylactic disease, 45 cases of inflammatory bowel disease, 15 cases of variation of structure, 10 cases of intestinal lymphangiectasis, 2 cases of autoimmune enteropathy, and 1 case of celiac disease. There was only 1 colonic perforation complicating endoscopy in terms of endoscopic complication.Conclusions:It is safe and effective to perform endoscopy standardly for digestive tract diseases in infants. Endoscopy with biopsies is a greatly informative test for diagnosis in infants.

Objective: To explore the role of mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms in the relationship between childhood psychological abuse and depressive symptoms among college students, in order to provide a basis for mental health promotion. Methods: From February to May 2023, a stratified random sampling method was used to select 1 799 freshmen to juniors from a university in Wuhu City, Anhui Province. The questionnaire survey was conducted using the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), Child Psychological Maltreatment Scale (CPMS), Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), 2-item General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2). Correlations among each variable were analyzed, and the chain mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms was explored. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among college students was 9.7%, and the positive detection rate of childhood psychological abuse was 28.6%. Depressive symptoms were positively correlated with childhood psychological abuse, mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms ( r =0.28, 0.32, 0.27, P <0.01). Childhood psychological abuse was positively correlated with mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms ( r =0.29, 0.71, P <0.01). Mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms were positively correlated ( r =0.30, P <0.01). Childhood psychological abuse could effectively predict depressiove symptoms, mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms ( β =0.08, 0.06, 0.66, P <0.01). Mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms had a chain mediating effect between childhood psychological abuse and depression symptoms, with a total indirect mediating effect (effect=25.27%, P <0.05), accounting for 72.44% of the total effect. Conclusions Mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms play a chain mediating role between childhood psychological abuse and depressive symptoms. Focusing on childhood psychological abuse, mobile phone addiction and anxiety among college students are beneficial for depression symptoms prevention.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the status quo of cancer communication in breast cancer patients′ families, so as to provide reference for targeted solutions to the communication problems of breast cancer patients' spouses.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. From April to November 2022, 204 pairs of breast cancer patients and their spouses in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College were taken as the research objects, and the basic information questionnaire, Family Avoidance of Communication about Cancer Scale (FACCS) and Female Self-Advocacyin Cancer Survivorship (FSACS) were used to investigate patients. The patient's spouse was investigated with Zarit Caregiyer Burden Interview (ZBI), and the survey data were statistically analyzed with hierarchical regression analysis.Results:The family cancer communication score of breast cancer patients was (65.30 ± 7.63) points. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the patient′s Per capita monthly household income, tumor stage, family history of malignant tumor, and patient′s self advocacy level were the influencing factors of family cancer communication, which could explain 39.1% of family cancer communication variation ( F=22.36, P<0.05). From the aspect of patients′ spouses, the influence of spouse care burden could explain 14.2% of patients′ family cancer communication variation ( F=16.39, P<0.05). Conclusions:Breast cancer patients have poor family cancer communication. There are differences in the degree of family cancer communication among breast cancer patients with different characteristics. Patients with lower self-advocacy score, no previous family history of malignant tumor, higher spouse care burden, lower Per capita monthly household income and higher tumor stage have worse family cancer communication.

Autophagy is a lysosomal dependent metabolic pathway that degrades cytoplasmic proteins and organelles via formation of autophagosomes to maintain homeostasis within the body. In recent years, with the continuous deepening of research and understanding on autophagy, it has been found that autophagy plays an important role in the occurrence of various tumor diseases and regulates autophagy could treat various tumors. Recent evidence suggests that autophagy plays a dual role in the occurrence of liver cancer: autophagy can clear damaged organelles and misfolded proteins, avoiding cell carcinogenesis; At the same time, it can also adapt malignant tumor cells to adverse environments such as chemotherapy drugs and hypoxia. This article aims to review the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of autophagy in liver cancer, and discussing the potential to modulate autophagy as a therapeutic strategy in the context of liver cancer.

The improvement of survival of osteosarcoma patients by the standard treatment strategy of osteosarcoma(neoadjuvant chemotherapy+surgical treatment+adjuvant chemotherapy)has been stabilized in the past 20 years,and the emergence of the slow(controlled)-release drug delivery system has provided a new strategy for the treatment of osteosarcoma.At present,thanks to the development of nanotechnology,great progress had been made to the technology of slow-release chemotherapy for osteosarcoma in China,but the clinical translation of the slow-release chemotherapy system has become the key to constrain its development.Based on this,this review summarizes the preclinical research progress of the main chemotherapeutic agents for osteosarcoma,including methotrexate,doxorubicin,cisplatin,and isocyclophosphamide,in the recent years,with the expectation of clarifying the safety and efficacy of the slow-release chemotherapy system for osteosarcoma,and facilitating the clinical translation of the slow-release chemotherapy system for osteosarcoma.

Objective:To investigate the influence of nonylphenol (NP) on cytoactive and the expression of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30) in human colon cancer SW480 cells.Methods:The experimental study was conducted. The human colon cancer SW480 cells were cultured in vitro. The influence of NP on proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and the expression of GPR30 in human colon cancer SW480 cells were analyzed by cell proliferation, cell cycle detection, cell apoptosis and gene expression and protein expression experiments. Cell grouping: SW480 cells cultured with medium were set as the control group, cultured with medium+1×10 ?8 mol/L estradiol were set as the estradiol group, cultured with medium+1×10 ?8 mol/L NP were set as the NP group, cultured with medium+1×10 ?8 mol/L NP+1×10 ?7 mol/L GPR30 specific antagonist G15 were set as the NP+G15 group, respectively. Observation indicators: (1) proliferation index of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups; (2) cycle proportion of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups; (3) apoptosis index of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups; (4) GPR30 messenger RNA(mRNA) expression of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups; (5) GPR30 protein expression of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD and one way ANOVA was used for comparison between groups. The least significant difference method was used to test the pairwise comparison. Results:(1) Proliferation index of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups. Results of the cell proliferation experiments showed that the proliferation indexes of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the control group, the estradiol group, the NP group and the NP+G15 group were 100.00±0.00, 89.19±4.86, 148.96±6.04 and 120.40±3.39, respectively, showing a significant difference among the 4 groups ( F=21.45, P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the control group and the NP group ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the control group and the estradiol group, between the control group and the NP+G15 group ( P>0.05). (2) Cycle proportion of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups. Results of the cell cycle detection experiments showed that the proportions of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the S phase of the cell cycles in the control group, the estradiol group, the NP group and the NP+G15 group were 39.96%±2.02%, 36.67%±0.62%, 43.85%±1.02% and 38.29%±1.42%, respectively, showing a significant difference among the 4 groups ( F=10.08, P<0.05). There were significant differences between the control group and the estradiol group, between the control group and the NP group ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the control group and the NP+G15 group ( P>0.05). (3) Apoptosis index of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups. Results of the cell apoptosis experiments showed that the apoptosis indexes of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the control group, the estradiol group, the NP group and the NP+G15 group were 1.67±0.18, 4.80±0.31, 0.75±0.11 and 2.20±0.19, respectively, showing a significant difference among the 4 groups ( F=136.79, P<0.05). There were significant differences between the control group and the estradiol group, between the control group and the NP group ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the control group and the NP+G15 group ( P>0.05). (4) GPR30 mRNA expression of human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups. Results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detection showed that the relative expression rates of GPR30 mRNA in human colon cancer SW480 cells of the control group, the estradiol group, the NP group and the NP+G15 group were 1.00±0.00, 0.86±0.05, 1.89±0.27 and 0.64±0.12, respectively, showing a significant difference among the 4 groups ( F=26.61, P<0.05). There were significant differences between the control group and the NP group, between the control group and the NP+G15 group ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the control group and the estradiol group ( P>0.05). (5) GPR30 protein expression human colon cancer SW480 cells in the 4 groups. Results of Western blot detection showed that the relative expression rates of GPR30 protein in human colon cancer SW480 cells of the control group, the estradiol group, the NP group and the NP+G15 group were 1.83±0.16, 1.68±0.15, 3.10±0.30 and 1.26±0.11, respectively, showing a significant difference among the 4 groups ( F=34.05, P<0.05). There were significant differences between the control group and the NP group, between the control group and the NP+G15 group ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the control group and the estradiol group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Low dose of NP can increase the proliferation index and the proportion of cells in the S phase of the cell cycles, decrease the apoptosis index, and promote the mRNA and protein expression of GPR30 in human colon cancer SW480 cells.

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors and management strategies of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation.Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinical data of 358 patients who underwent colonoscopy in the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2011 to March 2021 were collected. There were 216 males and 142 females, aged (59±14)years. Patients underwent colonoscopy for diagnosis or treatment. Observation indicators: (1) situations of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation; (2) analysis of influencing factors of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation; (3) construction of prediction model of colonoscop-associated colorectal perforation; (4) management of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Wilcoxom rank sum test. Count data were discribed as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test. Multivariate ana-lysis was conducted using the binary Logistic regression model. The sensitivity and specificity of the prediction model were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results:(1) Situations of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation. Of the 358 patients, 18 cases developed colorectal perforation, including 6 males and 12 females, with an age of 61(49,69) years. Of the 18 patients, there were 12 cases with colon perforation, including 10 cases of sigmoid colon perfora-tion or rectosigmoid junction perforation, 1 case of transverse colon perforation and 1 case of descending colon perforation, 6 cases with rectal perforation. There were 11 cases with diagnostic perforation and 7 cases with therapeutic perforation. (2) Analysis of influencing factors of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation. Results of univariate analysis showed that gender, age, colorectal ulcer, colorectal diverticulum, colorectal tumor, history of abdominal surgery, type of colonoscopy and the experience of operating physician were related factors for colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation ( χ2=5.77, Z=?3.24, χ2=37.99, 97.34, 37.99, 10.31, 8.07, 6.73, P<0.05). Results of multi-variate analysis showed that colorectal diverticulum and abdominal surgery history were indepen-dent risk factors for colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation ( odds ratios=287.79, 6.74, 95% confidence intervals as 23.14?3 579.11, 1.19?38.27, P<0.05). Therapeutic colonoscopy was an independent protective factor for colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation ( odds ratio=0.11, 95% confidence interval as 0.23?0.52, P<0.05). (3) Construction of prediction model of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation. With the colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation as depen-dent variable, colorectal diverticulum, abdominal surgery history and therapeutic colonoscopy as independent variables, a prediction model of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation was constructed. The ROC of model showed that the sensitivity was 0.56, the specificity was 1.00, and the area under curve was 0.78 (95% confidence interval as 0.63?0.92, P<0.05). (4) Management of colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation. Of the 18 cases with colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation, 15 cases underwent laparoscopic perforation repair surgery immediately, 2 cases under-went endoscopic suture, and 1 case received conservative treatment. All the patients with perfora-tion were cured and discharged from hospital, without death due to colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation. Conclusions:Colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation is easy to occur at sigmoid colon or rectosigmoid junction. Colorectal diverticulum and abdominal surgery history are indepen-dent risk factors for colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation. Therapeutic enteroscopy is an independent protective factor for colonoscopy-associated colorectal perforation. Laparoscopic repair of colon perforation has good effects for patients with colorectal perforation.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radical radiotherapy (SIB-IMRT) on the long-term prognosis of patients with cervical and upper thoracic esophageal cancer.Methods:From January 2011 to December 2014, a retrospective analysis was performed in 172 patients with cervical and upper thoracic esophageal cancer who were eligible for IMRT. First, the prognosis of all the patients was evaluated using single factor and multivariate analyses. According to the different irradiation method of the patients, the patients were divided into two groups, one of which received conventional IMRT (C-IMRT) and the other of which received SIB-IMRT. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was applied to match the two groups of patients and to determine the treatment efficacy of patients after PSM, prognostic factors, failure modes, and side effects. SPSS19.0 statistical software was used to conduct statistical analysis.Results:The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) times of all the patients were 30 months and 20 months, respectively. The fact whether the surrounding tissues and organs of esophageal lesions were invaded, clinical node staging (cN staging), chemotherapy, and GTV-maximum transverse diameter were observed to be independent influencing factors of OS and PFS in all the patients ( P<0.001, P=0.013, 0.005, 0.002; P<0.001, P=0.017, 0.034, 0.002). In addition, the independent influencing factors of PFS showed short-term efficacy ( P=0.036). After PSM, there were 54 patients in each of the two groups. The result of multivariate analysis showed that the fact whether the surrounding tissues and organs of esophageal lesions were invaded, cN staging, cTNM staging, prescribed dose, GTV-maximum transverse diameter, and irradiation method were independent factors affecting the OS ( P<0.001, P=0.008, 0.014, 0.021, 0.010, 0.008). Similarly, the fact whether the surrounding tissues and organs of esophageal lesions were invaded, cN staging, and GTV-maximum transverse diameter were observed to be independent factors that affect the PFS of patients ( P<0.001, P=0.044, 0.013). The difference in the total failure rate (70.4% vs. 50.0%) and the local regional recurrence rate (61.1% vs. 31.5%) between the C-IMRT and SIB-IMRT groups after treatment was significant ( χ2=4.68, 9.53, P=0.031, 0.002). The incidence of radiation pneumonitis of grade ≥ 1 in the C-IMRT group was significantly higher than that of the SIB-IMRT group ( χ2=6.16, P=0.046), whereas the leukocyte suppression of grade ≥ 2 in the C-IMRT group was significantly lower than that in the SIB-IMRT group ( χ2=12.77, P=0.005). Conclusions:As shown by the result of this study, compared with C-IMRT, SIB-IMRT can improve the OS of patients with cervical and upper thoracic esophageal cancer to a certain extent. Whether SIB-IMRT can improve the PFS of patients requires further research.