BACKGROUND:In the process of exploring the mechanism of Alzheimer's disease,the important role of bioinformatics for common target screening has been revealed,enabling the use of its screening results as a basis for exploring the therapeutic effects of drugs on the disease. OBJECTIVE:To predict the targets of liraglutide,a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist,in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by bioinformatics and molecular biology. METHODS:DisGeNET database and SEA database were used to obtain the common genes of Alzheimer's disease and liraglutide.GO/KEGG enrichment analysis of common targets was conducted using DAVID online database.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using STRING database.The optimal dosage of liraglutide was determined using cell counting kit-8 assay.Expression of key proteins was analyzed using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting techniques.The mouse hippocampal neuron HT22 cell line was used for ex vivo experiments,and the cells were randomly divided into three groups:HT22 group,HT22+Aβ group,and HT22+Aβ+Lir group.No special treatment was done in the HT22 group,while Aβ1-42 was used to intervene in the HT22 cell line for 24 hours to construct an Aβ injury cell model in the HT22+Aβ group.In additional to modeling,liraglutide was added to the HT22+Aβ+Lir group for 12 hours. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 3 333 genes associated with Alzheimer's disease were screened from DisGeNET database.Then 147 potential targets of liraglutide were obtained from SEA database.Finally,64 common targets of Alzheimer's disease and Liraglutide were determined using R packets.GO/KEGG analysis of common targets using DAVID online database suggested that common targets were mainly enriched in the following biological processes:neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,renin-angiotensin system,bladder cancer,endopeptidase activity,peptide receptor activity,G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity,and transport vesicles.The obtained 64 common target proteins were imported into SRTING online database for protein-protein interaction network construction,and the top three genes,matrix metalloproteinases 2,9 and interleukin 1β,were obtained.The activity of cultured cells was detected by the cell counting kit-8 kit.Liraglutide at 100 nmol/L was the optimal concentration for antagonizing Aβ1-42.In the western blot and immunofluorescence assays,the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2,9 and interleukin 1β was significantly increased in the HT22+Aβ group compared with the HT22 group(P＜0.05)but significantly decreased in the HT22+Aβ+Lir group compared with the HT22+Aβ group(P＜0.05).To conclude,the above bioinformatics data and secondary validation of differential genes in the GEO database suggest that both matrix metalloproteinases 2,9 and interleukin 1β could be potential targets of liraglutide in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

It is believed that the pathogenesis of oculomotor nerve palsy is insufficient marrow sea （髓海）， withered yang qi， poor contraction of eyelids and periocular meridians， and inability to open and close the eyes. The eye system is connected to the marrow sea， as well as the the foot taiyang （太阳） channel， foot yangming （阳明） channel， foot jueyin （厥阴） channel， yinqiao mai （阴跷脉） and yangqiao mai （阳跷脉）， and is nourished by the liver， spleen and kidney. Treatment should take into account both the branch and the root cause. It is suggested to treat the root by regulating the marrow sea， and treat the branch by unblocking the meridians and dredging the collaterals， thereby balancing the mild and the urgency of the yinqiao mai and yangqiao mai. Using the "Gen （根）-Liu（溜）-Zhu （注）-Ru （入）"acupoints to bypass the various meridians and taking the gallbladder meridian according to twelve major meridians that run on both sides of the body， both of which can provide ideas for improving symptoms such as ptosis and limited eye movement caused by oculomotor nerve palsy.

Objective To construct an NZB/W(F1)mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus and evaluate the effects of nicotinamide on each index of lupus nephritis pathogenesis of NZB/W(F1)mice in order to provide data for research on the role of nicotinamide in the treatment of lupus nephritis.Methods Female NZB/W(F1)mice were obtained by crossing male NZW mice with female NZB ones.Urine samples were collected using metabolic cages and proteinuria test strips were used to detect proteinuria.Blood samples were collected through the orbital venous plexus in mice.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the level of anti-dsDNA antibody.Levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen and liver function indexes were detected using an automatic blood analyzer.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescence technique were used to detect the pathological state of the kidney.Results The levels of proteinuria,double-stranded DNA antibodies,serum creatinine,and urea nitrogen were gradually increased during the natural course of the disease in female NZB/W(F1)mice,indicating that the lupus nephritis disease model was constructed in female NZB/W(F1)mice.Compared to the control group,nicotinamide feeding could obviously decrease the level of proteinuria(P=0.0070),inhibit the production of double-stranded DNA antibodies(P=0.0325),and retard the progression of serum creatinine(P=0.0067)and urea nitrogen indexes(P=0.0166)in serum.In addition,the pathological state of the kidney in the nicotinamide feeding group was significantly alleviated compared with the control group.Conclusion A lupus nephritis disease model is constructed in NZB/W(F1)mice.Nicotinamide feeding can obviously alleviate the disease state of lupus nephritis in NZB/W(F1)mice.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is extensively utilized for clinical disease prevention and treatment.However,due to the intricate nature of its material basis and the multiple factors involved in the preparation process,ensuring comprehensive quality control of TCM proves to be challenging.By instilling a clear understanding of its effective and harmful substances and implementing control over the content and limit of TCM during the preparation process,the controllability and repeatability of its quality can be guaranteed.Currently,China is facing a dearth of innovative technology for drug development,necessitating an increase in research and development efficiency,especially in the realm of high-throughput precision analytical equipment.The country has long relied on imported pharmaceutical analysis equipment with a particular efficiency in high-end intelligent analysis equipment.This is especially concerning considering the urgent requirement to establish a"pharmaceutical intelligent analysis system."This project,supported by the Major Instrument Development Project of the National Science and Technology Funds,employs cell membrane chromatography technology,complemented by biotechnology and artificial intelligence technology,to devise a two-dimensional cell membrane chromatography(2D/CMC)analyzer.The project has successfully conducted a demonstration application of the"2D/CMC-Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacodynamic Substance Analyzer"and the"2D/CMC-Traditional Chinese Medicine Injection Allergen Analyzer".These tools have enhanced the screening and discovery efficiency of TCM's effective substances and allergen components.Moreover,the equipment amalgamates qualitative and quantitative analysis,thereby serving as an effective analytical tool to enhance the quality and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.

The standardization of classification methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) ancient books can provide a clear and reliable reference for all kinds of TCM ancient books collection units, which can also promote the sharing and utilization of TCM ancient books. We studied and investigated the classification methods of TCM ancient books in past dynasties. The standard on classification of TCM ancient books was formulated by compared with the classification table of Zhongguo Zhongyi Guji Zongmu, and referred to the classification table of Zhonghua Guji Zongmu. This standard specified three-level categories and classification principles of TCM ancient books, and mainly composed of basic categories, three-level category table, classification principles and examples, and instructions for use.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation-based treatment combined with entecavir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Methods A total of 80 outpatients with chronic hepatitis B were randomly divided into the observation group (n=40) and control group (n=40).The patients in the control group were treated with entecavir tablets. The patients in the observation group were given TCM syndrome differentiation-based treatment in addition to the treatment received by the control group. Clinical symptoms relief, improvement of liver function indexes, serological conversion and HBV-DNA negative rate were compared between the two groups after 48 weeks of treatment. Results The clinical symptoms of abdominal distension, fatigue, pain and anorexia were relieved better in observation group than in control groups. The difference was significant between the two groups (P<0.05). The observation group had significant therapeutic advantages over the ALT recurrence rate compared to the control group, especially 24 weeks ago (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the combined group and the control group after 12, 24, 48 weeks after treatment, and the HBV-DNA (both greater than 0.05) were clinically modified. Conclusion TCM syndrome differentiation-based treatment combined with entecavir had significant therapeutic advantages in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, which could relieve clinical symptoms, improve liver function indexes, and converse serological changes and be worthy of clinical popularization.

Objective    To investigate the effect of multidisciplinary team (MDT) on perioperative complications and clinical efficacy of patients who were receiver radical operation to treat lung cancer by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Methods    Eighty patients in the Thoracic Surgery Department of First Hospital of Lanzhou University from December 2017 to February 2019 who were diagnosed lung cancer were divided into two groups. Forty patients in the MDT group were treated with MDT discussion. The control group consisted of 40 patients who were treated without MDT discussion. The incidence of postoperative complications and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups . Results    There was no statistical difference in incision infection, atelectasis, pleural effusion and pulmonary leakage between the two groups. However, the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection (5% vs. 20%, P=0.043) and the overall postoperative complications (17.5% vs. 42.5%, P=0.015) in the MDT group was lower than that in the control group with a statistical difference. In the MDT group, the operative time (140.3±8.0 min vs. 148.8±6.8 min, P<0.001), intraoperative bleeding ( 207.8±19.4 mL vs. 222.0±28.3 mL, P=0.010), lymph node dissection number (25.1±6.2 vs. 20.1±7.0, P=0.001), postoperative drainage (273.0±33.5 mL vs. 24.0±52.5 mL, P<0.001), drainage duration (81.9±6.1 h vs. 85.3±8.1 h, P=0.039), pain on the first day after surgery (4.6±0.7 vs. 5.4±0.7), P<0.001), pain on the second day (2.5±0.7 vs.  3.0±0.8, P=0.002), pain on the third day (1.1±0.8 vs. 1.5±0.6, P=0.014), postoperative activity time (40.7±6.7 h vs. 35.3±7.1 h, P<0.001), postoperative recovery time (6.8±0.9 d vs. 7.4±0.7 d, P=0.003), patient satisfaction (8.1±1.4 vs. 7.2±2.0, P=0.020) were significantly better than those of the control group with statistical differences. But there was no statistical difference in the conversion to thoracotomy between the two group. Conclusion    MDT discussion can reduce the surgical risk and postoperative complications, improve the clinical efficacy and accelerate the postoperative rehabilitation of patients, which has a good clinical significance.

Objective: To evaluate the residual radioactivity after ¹³¹I treatment in postoperative inpatients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) using service robot in nuclear medicine ward, and assess the time for patients to be released from isolation. Methods: From September 2017 to June 2018, 297 patients (94 males, 203 females, age: 19-80 years) with DTC who underwent ¹³¹I treatment after surgery were included. According to the purpose of treatment and the prescription dosage of ¹³¹I, patients were divided into 8 groups: 4 groups accepted ¹³¹I remnant ablation therapy (RAT) with different dosages, which were 3 700 MBq (RAT1, n=34), 4 440 MBq (RAT2, n=122), 5 550 MBq (RAT3, n=81) and 7 400 MBq (RAT4, n=27), respectively; 4 groups had ¹³¹I treatment for recurrent/metastatic lesions (RMLT), and the dosages were 3 700 MBq (n=1), 4 440 MBq (n=2), 5 550 MBq (n=14) and 7 400 MBq (n=16). At 4, 24, 48 and 72 h after ¹³¹I administration, the dose equivalent rates at 2 cm away from the patient′s neck and at 1 m away from the body were measured by the robot designed for nuclear medicine ward. Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data. Results: Neck dose equivalent rates for patients with RAT at different time points (4, 24, 48 and 72 h) after ¹³¹I administration were significantly different among 4 groups (H values: 20.889-46.410, all P<0.05), as well as the body dose equivalent rates (H values: 27.181-35.497, all P<0.05). The neck dose equivalent rates at 24, 48 and 72 h after ¹³¹I administration were statistically different between group 3 and 4 for patients with RMLT (z values: 2.328-3.076, all P<0.05; data in group 1 and 2 were too limited to be compared), while there was no statistical difference for the body dose equivalent rates (z values: 0.333-1.621, all P>0.05). The radioactivity retention in patients decreased rapidly within 24 h, then slowed down gradually and became extremely low at 72 h. At 72 h after ¹³¹I administration, 96.6%(255/264) patients with RAT and 100%(33/33) patients with RMLT were lower than 23.3 μSv/h, which meant the patients could be discharged from hospitalization. Conclusions Nuclear medicine ward service robots may dynamically measure residual radioactivity in DTC patients who take ¹³¹I treatment, providing individualized isolation solutions.

Objective To investigate the effect of high body mass index (BMI) on perioperative complications under thoracoscope radical resection of lung cancer and its clinical efficacy.Methods A total of 235 patients who received pulmonary radical resection under thoracoscope between January 2012 and December 2017 in Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into normal BMI group (BMI≥ 18.5 kg/m2 and BMI ＜24.0 kg/m2,n =147) and high BMI group (BMI≥24.0 kg/m2,n =88) according to BMI in China.The incidence of postoperative complications and clinical efficacy were compared by using x2 test and t test.Logistic regression was used to identify that if high BMI was the independent risk factor of postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer.Results The incidence of the complications in high BMI group was higher than that in normal BMI group,including pulmonary infection [17.0％ (15/88) vs.6.1％(9/147),x2 =7.162,P ＜ 0.05],pulmonary atelectasis [11.4％ (10/88) vs.3.4％ (5/147),x2 =5.840,P ＜ 0.05],respiratory failure [5.7％ (5/88) vs.0.1％ (1/147),x2 =5.535,P ＜ 0.05] and poor wound healing [10.2％ (9/88)vs.3.4％ (5/147),x2 =4.578,P ＜ 0.05].Postoperative recovery time [(7.1±1.4) d vs.(6.7±0.8) d,t =2.706,P ＜ 0.05],chest drainage tube removal time [(3.8±1.6) d vs.(3.4±0.7) d,t =3.089,P ＜ 0.05] in high BMI group were longer than those in normal BMI group.Multiple-factor analysis showed that the independent risk factors were diabetes,high blood pressure,high BMI,long operation time,old age,smoking history (all P ＜0.05).Conclusions The incidence of pulmonary infection,pulmonary atelectasis and poor wound healing for the patients with high BMI is increased.Besides,postoperative recovery time and chest drainage tube removal time are prolonged.High BMI is an independent risk factor of pulmonary infection.

Objective To explore the altered functional connectivity of the amygdala in adolescents with internet gaming disorder (IGD) using resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analysis.Methods Thirty adolescents with IGD (IGD group) and 30 demographically matched healthy controls (HC group) were recruited.The right and left amygdala were selected as seed regions,the rsFC and dFC between 2 groups were calculated.The regions showing altered connectivity in IGD were adopted as ROIs for correlation analysis.Results Compared to HC group,IGD group had higher rsFC with the right amygdala over the right inferior temporal,middle temporal gyrus,middle frontal gyrus,lower rsFC with the right amygdala over the left inferior temporal,superior temporal and the right inferior occipital gyrus,superior occipital gyrus.The IGD group had lower rsFC with the left amygdala over the right rectal gyrus and thalamus.Compared to HC group,the IGD group showed higher dFC variance with the left amygdala over the right middle temporal and the left media frontal gyrus,and lower dFC variance over the right precuneus,inferior parietal lobe,posterior cingulate and the left postcentral gyrus.The IGD group showed higher dFC variance with the right amygdala over right middle frontal gyrus and lower dFC variance with the right amygdala over the right middle temporal,the left media frontal gyrus and paracingulate cortex,inferior parietal lobe.The rsFC between the left amygdala and right rectal gyrus was negatively correlated with Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) scores.The dFC variance between the left amygdala over the left postcentral gyrus was positively correlated with CIAS scores.The dFC variance between the left amygdala and the right inferior parietal lobe were negatively correlated with CIAS scores.Conclusion The amygdala participates in the development of IGD.