G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of membrane protein receptors, and Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) is a member of this family. As a membrane receptor, TGR5 is widely distributed in different parts of the human body and plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, including the processes of energy consumption, weight loss and blood glucose homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that TGR5 plays an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism disorders such as fatty liver, obesity and diabetes. With the global obesity situation becoming more and more serious, a comprehensive explanation of the mechanism of TGR5 and filling the gaps in knowledge concerning clinical ligand drugs are urgently needed. In this review, we mainly explain the anti-obesity mechanism of TGR5 to promote the further study of this target, and show the electron microscope structure of TGR5 and review recent studies on TGR5 ligands to illustrate the specific binding between TGR5 receptor binding sites and ligands, which can effectively provide new ideas for ligand research and promote drug research.

Objective:To explore the possible effects of Bushen Huoxue Formula (the kidney tonifying and blood activating prescription) on the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells by regulating the circ_0036763/miR-583 axis.Methods:Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of circ0036763 and miR-583 in normal and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) nucleus pulposus cells; IDD nucleus pulposus cells were divided into pcDNA group, pcDNA circ_0036763 group, pcDNA circ_0036763+ mimic NC group, and pcDNA circ_0036763+ miR-583 mimic group. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels of circ_0036763 and miR-583 in nucleus pulposus cells in each group, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) was used to detect cell proliferation (A value), and Western blot was used to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), collagen Ⅰ, and collagen Ⅱ proteins in nucleus pulposus cells, The dual luciferase assay reported experimental validation of the targeting relationship between circ_0036763 and miR-583. 27 mice were divided into sham surgery group, IDD group, and kidney tonifying and blood activating formula group. IDD models were established in all groups except for the sham surgery group. After successful modeling, the sham surgery group and IDD group were given physiological saline by gavage, while the kidney tonifying and blood activating formula group was given 1.5 g/ml of kidney tonifying and blood activating formula by gavage for 3 consecutive weeks. QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels of circ0036763 and miR-583 in the nucleus pulposus cells of mice in each group, MTT was used to detect cell proliferation, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of PCNA, collagen Ⅰ, and collagen Ⅱ proteins.Results:The expression level of circ_0036763 in IDD nucleus pulposus cells decreased, while the expression level of miR-583 increased (all P<0.05); Overexpression of circ_0036763 can promote proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells (all P<0.05); Circ_0036763 targets miR-583 and upregulates miR-583 reversible overexpression. Circ_0036763 enhances the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis ability of IDD nucleus pulposus cells. Compared with the sham surgery group, the IDD group showed an increase in collagen Ⅰ protein expression and miR-583 expression levels (all P<0.05), while the cell A value, PCNA and collagen Ⅱ protein expression, and circ_0036763 expression levels decreased (all P<0.05); Compared with the IDD group, the Kidney Tonifying and Blood Activating Formula group showed a decrease in collagen Ⅰ protein expression and miR-583 expression levels (all P<0.05), while the cell A value, PCNA and collagen Ⅱ protein expression, and circ_0036763 expression levels increased (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The kidney tonifying and blood activating formula (Bushen Huoxue) may induce proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells by regulating the circ_0036763/miR-583 axis.

Objective To investigate the influence of changes in blood flow parameters on pulse rate characteristics by taking the advantage of controllable parameters in an experimental cardiopulmonary bypass system.Methods A set of human circulatory system equipped with an in vitro wrist model was established.By changing parameters such as the heart rate,wrist flow,pressure,and system compliance,a photoplethysmography pulse wave signal was obtained from the wrist model,and the time-and frequency-domain indices of pulse rate variability were extracted.Results Changes in heart rate,pressure,and system compliance caused a change in pulse shape,but the time domain indices NN50 and PNN50,which indicate pulse rate variability,were zero,and the other indices and frequency domain indices were in the very low value category.Conclusions In the absence of heart rate variability,hemodynamic changes in heart rate,wrist flow,blood pressure,and system compliance did not produce significant pulse rate variability.This study can provide a reference for studies on pulse rate variability and heart rate using more convenient wrist acquisition equipment.

With the continuous evolution and refinement of the healthcare insurance system,there arises a heightened de-mand for the standardization and efficacy of healthcare insurance management.This paper takes a prominent public hospital in Guangzhou City as a case study to delve into the establishment and enhancement of an intelligent monitoring system for healthcare insurance.Initially,an analysis is conducted from the perspectives of the national,policy,and institutional levels to underscore the imperative and urgency of constructing an intelligent monitoring system for healthcare insurance.Subsequently,a comprehen-sive review of the current research landscape,both domestically and internationally,is presented,highlighting the challenges faced by domestic intelligent auditing systems in terms of their level of intelligence,the sophistication of hospital-level intelligent monitoring,and the standardization of rule libraries.Following this,the paper elaborates on the practical endeavors undertaken by large public hospitals in Guangzhou City regarding the construction and optimization of the intelligent monitoring system for healthcare insurance.This encompasses aspects such as the structure of the intelligent monitoring system,collaborative manage-ment in operational modes,and the standardization of rule libraries.Finally,the paper concludes by summarizing the positive im-pact of these practices on the regulation of medical service behaviors and the enhancement of efficiency in healthcare insurance quality management,while also offering insights into future research directions.

OBJECTIVE To explore the material basis and potential mechanism of Kazakh classic prescription Wuzdekh （WZDK） in the treatment of enteritis. METHODS LC-MS/MS technology was used to analyze the chemical components in WZDK. Through network pharmacology and molecular docking technology， the main chemical components of WZDK were screened and the target was predicted； therapeutic effect and target of WZDK on acute enteritis were verified through in vivo experiments. The acute enteritis model of mice was induced by dextran sulfate sodium salt； the general condition of the mice was observed during administration and the disease activity index （DAI） score was calculated； pathological changes of the intestine and mRNA expression of core target were validated by HE staining and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS A total of 316 chemical components were obtained by LC-MS/MS. The core targets of network pharmacological analysis mainly included interleukin 1β（IL- 1β）， protein kinase B1 （AKT1）， tumor protein p53 （TP53）， IL-6， tumor necrosis factor （TNF） and so on. The results of molecular docking showed that chemical components such as mairin， lappadilactone， costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone were stable in binding to the core target. The results of in vivo experiment showed that， compared with model group， high dose （5.00 g/kg） of WZDK could significantly reduce the DAI score （P＜0.05）， improve inflammatory cell infiltration and mucosal tissue damage of colon tissue， and significantly down-regulated mRNA expressions of IL-6， TNF-α， IL-1β and TP53 in colon tissue（P＜ 0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Chemical components of WZDK such as mairin， lappadilactone， costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone may play the role of improving the imbalance of local inflammatory factors in the intestine and repairing damage of colonic mucosal tissue by down-regulating mRNA expressions of TNF-α， IL-6， IL-1β and TP53 in colon tissue.

Skeletal muscle is one of the most important organs in animal, and the regulatory mechanism of skeletal muscle development is of great importance for the diagnosis of muscle-related diseases and the improvement of meat quality of livestock. The regulation of skeletal muscle development is a complex process, which is regulated by a large number of muscle secretory factors and signaling pathways. In addition, in order to maintain steady-state and maximum use of energy metabolism in the body, the body coordinates multiple tissues and organs to form the complex and sophisticated metabolic regulation network, which plays an important role for the regulation of skeletal muscle development. With the development of omics technologies, the underlying mechanism of tissue and organ communication has been deeply studied. This paper reviews the effects of crosstalk among adipose tissue, nerve tissue and intestinal tissue on skeletal muscle development, with the aim to provide a theoretical basis for targeted regulation of skeletal muscle development.
Animals ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism* ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of different treatment modes for locoregional recurrence after nephrectomy in patients with renal cell carcinoma.Methods:A total of 106 patients with locoregional recurrence after nephrectomy without distant metastasis (77 males and 29 females) admitted to Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from October 2001 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The median age was 51 (40, 60) years old. Radical nephrectomy was performed in 90 patients with primary tumor and partial nephrectomy was performed in 16 patients. Pathological diagnosis showed that 54 cases were clear cell carcinoma and 52 cases were non-clear cell carcinoma. 53 cases were in stage T 1-2 and 53 cases in stage T 3-4. The median diameter of recurrent lesions was 3.2 (2.0, 6.3) cm, and the median number was 2 (1, 4). The recurrence sites were divided into renal fossa recurrence (33 cases), renal fossa±retroperitoneal lymph node recurrence (38 cases), and intra-abdominal spread (35 cases). The median duration from primary surgery to local recurrence was 14.8 (7.3, 35.8) months. Two treatment groups were identified as systemic therapy alone (Group A) and local therapy with or without systemic therapy (Group B). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between Group A and Group B. The Cox model was used to perform univariate and multivariate analysis. Results:Of all the 106 patients, 33 patients were in Group A and 73 patients were in Group B. In Group A, 29 patients (87.9%) received targeted therapy, and 4 patients (12.1%) received targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy. In Group B, 34 patients (46.6%) received surgery or ablation and 39 patients (53.4%) received SBRT, of which 62 patients (84.9%) received concurrent systemic therapy. Among them, 58 patients (93.5%) received targeted therapy, and 4 patients (6.5%) received targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy. The median follow-up period was 29.0 (15.4, 45.9) months, 64 patients progressed on tumor including 28 patients died. The median PFS and OS were 15.6 (7.1, 35.2) months and 66.9 (37.8, not reached) months. The median PFS of Group A and Group B were 7.6(5.0, 17.2)months and 22.2(9.6, 63.9)months respectively ( P=0.001), median OS of Group A and Group B were 45.7 (23.4, 62.8)months and 71.0(50.6, not reached)months respectively, and the 2-year OS were 70.6% and 85.5% in Group A and Group B respectively ( P=0.023). The univariate analysis showed local therapy with or without systemic therapy was significantly reduced 56% risk of tumor progression ( HR=0.44, P=0.003) and reduced 60% risk of death ( HR=0.40, P=0.028). The multivariate analysis showed that the OS was associated with ECOG score( HR=10.20, 95% CI 4.13-25.30, P<0.001)and local therapy( HR=0.23, 95% CI 0.09-0.58, P=0.002). Conclusion:Compared with systemic therapy alone, local therapy with or without systemic therapy can effectively improve the PFS and OS of patients with locoregional recurrence after nephrectomy.

OBJECTIVE To review the application and development of automatic intelligent drug cabinet in hospitals at home and abroad. METHODS The relevant research articles published from 2010 to 2022 were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed and other databases. RESULTS The application of automatic intelligent drug cabinet could shorten the execution time of inpatient medical orders, improve the work efficiency of pharmacists and doctors and nurses, improve the quality of drug management in wards and promote the transformation of hospital pharmaceutical care. CONCLUSION The construction of decentralized dispensing mode with automated intelligent drug cabinets as the core has important theoretical guiding significance and broad application prospects for the automation, informatization, intelligence and whole process management of drugs in medical institutions, and also helps to improve the level of medical pharmacy service management.

Objective:To investigate the effects of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in treatment of high-risk multiple myeloma (MM) patients and its influencing factors of the prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 44 high-risk MM patients treated with allo-HSCT in Changzheng Hospital Affiliated of Naval Military Medical University from April 2003 to March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The overall response rate (ORR), relapse rate, non-relapse-related death (NRM) rate, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) incidence of patients were also analyzed. Kaplan-Meier was used to analyze the overall survival (OS) rate and progression-free survival (PFS) rate after transplantation. Cox proportional hazard model was used to make regression analysis of the factors affecting the prognosis.Results:Among 44 patients, 38 cases could be evaluated for efficacy after transplantation. The median follow-up time was 111 months (0-216) months, 22 cases survived, 22 cases died, 21 cases relapsed. Before transplantation, complete remission (CR) rate was 29.5%(13/44), very good partial remission(VGPR) rate was 45.5%(20/44), partial remission (PR) rate was 22.7% (10/44), stable disease (SD) rate was 2.3% (1/44); After transplantation, CR rate was 71.7%(27/38), VGPR rate was 13.2% (5/38), PR rate was 13.2% (5/38), the progression of the disease (PD) rate 2.6% (1/38). The 5-year OS rate and PFS rate was 51.8% and 47.8%, the 10-year OS rate and PFS rate was 51.3% and 43.1%, respectively; the 5-year and 10-year cumulative disease relapse rate was 38.6% and 45.4%, the 5-year cumulative NRM rate was 25.0%. Acute GVHD rate was 38.6% (17/44) and grade 3-4 acute GVHD rate was 6.8% (3/44); chronic GVHD rate was 27.3% (12/44). Cox univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the use of bortezomib before transplantation ( HR = 3.461, 95% CI 1.211-9.880, P = 0.020) and post-transplant infection ( HR = 0.283, 95% CI 0.098-0.819, P = 0.020) were independent factors affecting OS after transplantation. Conclusions:Allo-HSCT can overcome the high-risk factors of MM and is worth to try for high-risk MM patients. The use of bortezomib before transplantation and post-transplant infection can be important factors affecting OS after transplantation.

Abdomen/diagnostic imaging* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Body Composition ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Practice Guidelines as Topic