Objective To investigate the awareness of malaria-related knowledge, the use of mosquito nets and their influencing factors among residents in Banlao Township, Cangyuan County, Yunnan Province.. Methods In August 2020, 19 settlement sites in Banlao Township, Cangyuan County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province were selected as study areas, and permanent residents at ages of 10 years and older were enrolled for a questionnaire survey, including residents’ demographics, family economic status, malaria control knowledge and use of mosquito nets. In addition, the factors affecting the use of mosquito nets in the night prior to the survey were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 320 questionnaires were allocated, and all were recovered (a 100% recovery rate). There were 316 valid questionnaires, with an effective recovery rate of 98.75%. The 316 respondents included 152 men and 164 women and 250 Chinese respondents and 66 foreign respondents. The awareness of clinical syndromes of malaria was significantly higher among Chinese residents (71.60%) than among foreign residents (50.00%) (χ² = 11.03, P < 0.01), and the proportions of Chinese and foreign residents sleeping under mosquito nets were 46.00% and 69.70% on the night prior to the survey, respectively (χ² = 11.73, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified ethnicity group and type of residence as factors affecting the use of mosquito nets in the night prior to the survey. Conclusions The awareness of malaria control knowledge, the coverage and the use of mosquito nets were low among residents in Banlao Township, Cangyuan County, Yunnan Province. Targeted health education is recommended to improve the awareness of malaria control knowledge and self-protection ability. In addition, improving the allocation of long-lasting mosquito nets and health education pertaining to their uses and increasing the proportion of using mosquito nets correctly is needed to prevent re-establishment of imported malaria.

Abstract: Objective To compare the screening effects of RDT, microscopy and PCR for malaria among residents in low malaria areas and elimination areas, and to investigate the presence of malaria in residents of border Villages in Cangyuan Va County and asymptomatic infections in surrounding areas, providing a basis for preventing re-introduction of malaria after elimination. Methods From August 2020 to March 2021, the fingertip blood of the investigated subjects was collected from three survey sites in the border area between China and Myanmar, namely Banlao Township in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County of Lincang City, Banwai District, Mengmao County, the Second Special Zone of Shan State, Myanmar, Yongmo and Dayan Township, Nandeng Special Zone, the Second Special Zone of Shan State, Myanmar. The malaria parasite antigen detection test kit, malaria parasite microscopic examination, fluorescent quantitative PCR and nested PCR were used to detect the asymptomatic infection of malaria parasites. Results A total of 1 040 blood samples were collected, including 606 from China and 434 from Myanmar, with 506 males and 534 females. Among them, , there were 51 individuals aged 0 to <5 years, 283 aged 5 to < years, 187 aged 15 to < years, 232 aged 30 to <45 years, 205 aged 45 to < years, and 82 aged ≥60 years. All 1 040 people tested negative for plasmodium antigen detection kit. One case of Plasmodium vivax detected by plasmodium microscopic etiology, with a detection rate of 0.10%. One case of P. vivax was also detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR and nested PCR, with a detection rate of 0.10%. Among them, one case of P. vivax was detected in Banwai District, Mengmao County, the Second Special Zone of Shan State, Myanmar, with a detection rate of 0.35%. The detection rates of malaria parasites in Banlao Township in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County of Lincang City, Yunnan Province and Yongmo Township and Dayan Township, Nandeng Special District, the Second Special Zone of Shan State, Myanmar were both 0. The difference in the detection rate of malaria parasites among the three survey sites was not statistically significant (χ2 =2.682, P>0.05). The asymptomatic P. vivax infection was detected in a 6-year-old girl from Banwai District, Mengmao County, the Second Special Zone of Shan State, Myanmar. Conclusions RDT is not suitable for malaria screening in low malaria area and elimination area. Microscopic examination and PCR can be used for malaria screening, but PCR operation is complex and costly. In surrounding areas outside of China, malaria is still prevalent, while there is no source of malaria infection in border villages of Cangyuan Va County. However, there is a risk of importation, and timely and effective measures should be taken to prevent reintroduction and transmission.

Objective:To investigate the association between pulse pressure(PP) and new-onset diabetes in overweight and obese people.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted in overweight or obese participants selected from Kailuan Study who underwent 2006-2007 annual checkup and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. PP was calculated by blood pressure and participants were divided into 4 groups according to PP quartile. The cumulative incidence of new-onset diabetes of different PP groups was calculated by Kaplan- Meier method and compare by Log- Rank test. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the association between different PP groups and new-onset diabetes. Results:During an average follow-up of 8.45 years, 8 922 diabetes was identified. The cumulative incidence rate of the Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups were 22.12%, 24.48%, 27.97%, and 33.44% respectively, which were statistically different( χ2=368.16, P<0.01). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that after adjusting for multiple confounding factors, compared with Q1 group, the hazard ratio for diabetes in Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups were 1.07(1.00-1.14), 1.13(1.05-1.21), and 1.17(1.09-1.27) respectively. And the HR of diabetes event in pulse pressure(per 1 SD increase) was 1.04(1.02-1.07). Similar results were found in participants who were over-weight, obese, with normal blood pressure or hypertensive without drugs use. Conclusion:PP is positively correlated with the new-onset diabetes. High PP is one of the risk factors for developing diabetes in overweight and obese people.

Objective To explore the limits of fluid-inversion prepared diffusion weighted imaging (FLIPD) in detection of acute cerebral ischemic lesions.Methods From January 2012 to March 2014,forty-nine patients (33 males,16 females,age (55.6± 12.3) years) clinically diagnosed as transient ischemic attack (TIA) were included.Patients underwent brain MRI (conventional diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and FLIPD) within 3 d after the onset of TIA.The detection ability of MRI with the two sequences was compared,and the relative signal intensity (rSI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of acute ischemic lesions based on two sequences were compared.Kappa test and two-sample t test were used to analyze the data.Results A total of 87 acute ischemic lesions were detected in 21 patients by conventional DWI,and 54 were detected in 19 patients by FLIPD (Kappa=0.916,P＜0.05).The rSI of ischemic lesions on FLIPD was significantly lower than that on conventional DWI (1.37±0.22 vs 1.57±0.26;t=6.647,P＜0.001).The ADC value of ischemic lesions on FLIPD was slightly lower than that on conventional DWI:(0.54 ±0.10) ×10-3 mm2/s vs (0.57±0.13)×10-3 mm2/s (t=2.120,P＜0.05).The missed lesions on FLIPD were located in the white matter (n =18),cerebellum and brainstem (n =8),and the cortex (n =7).Conclusions A slight diffuse abnormality may be missed on FLIPD,so this method is not suitable for the detection of acute ischemic lesions.FLIPD technology still needs improvement.

Objevtive To investigate the efficacy of Xuebijing injection combined with Ulinastatin for acute pancreatitis.Methods Databases were searched,like Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL),China Biology Medicine disc (CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Cochrane library,and Wangfang for randomized controlled trial (RCT) about the treatment of Xuebijing injection combined with Ulinastatin for acute pancreatitis.After evaluating the quality of literatures objectively,data were analyzed by RevMan 5.0 software.we evaluated abdominal pain relief time,recovery time of blood amylase,recovery time of white blood cell (WBC),concentration of interleukin (IL)-6,IL-8,tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-o) and total effective rate.Results Eleven studies and 893 patients were accepted into this article.Meta-analysis showed that abdominal pain relief time [weighted mean difference (WMD) =-1.71,95 ％ CI:-2.21,-1.21,P ＜ 0.01],recovery time of blood amylase (WMD =-1.82,95 ％ CI:-2.39,-1.25,P ＜ 0.01),recovery time of WBC (WMD =-2.75,95 ％ CI:-3.19,-2.31,P ＜ 0.01),and hospital stay time (WMD =-5.99,95 ％ CI:-7.73,-4.26,P ＜ 0.01)in experimental group was better than control group.Compared to control group,on the seventh day after treatment,inflammatory cytokines,including IL-6 [standardized mean difference (SMD) =-1.09,95％ CI:-2.66,0.48,P=0.17],IL-8 (SMD=-1.02,95％ CI:-1.66,-0.38,P＜0.01),andTNF-α (SMD =-1.10,95％ CI:-1.68,-0.53,P ＜ 0.01) were lower.In experimemal group,total effective rate was better than the control group (RR =1.16,95％ CI:1.07,1.25,P=0.0002).Conclusions Xuebijing injection combined with Ulinastatin for acute pancreatitis was more effective than traditional basal treatment or using Ulinastatin alone.However,the literature quality were mediocre,we need more large,random,double blind,and polycentric clinical study to prove further.

Objective To explore the effect on traditional experiment and case teaching method in regional anatomy study. Methods 80 students from 2014 medical students were randomly selected as the teaching subjects and divided into traditional group and case teaching group. The traditional group con-tained 40 students, using the traditional teaching method, while case teaching group had also 40 students with case teaching method. In the process of teaching, three clinical cases were introduced, including thesubtotal thyroidectomy thoracic outlet syndrome andpancreatic cancer. After the end of the course, the students conducted a unified questionnaire and examination. SPSS 18.0 was used for data line t test or chi square test between the two groups. Results The scores of the students in the case group in the selection questions, blanks and essay questions in the final exam were higher than those of the traditional group; The average total score of the case group was (85.69 ±11.61), while the traditional group was (73.19 ±18.66), and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.597, P=0.002). The results of the questionnaire showed that the students in the case group were higher than the traditional group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=14.753, P=0.001). Conclusion The effect on regional anatomy study with case teaching method is better than the traditional teaching method, and it is a promising teaching reform for the med-ical students.

BACKGROUND:Because of complicated biomechanics of lumbar vertebra, mast facet osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease and vertebral subluxation usual y occur fol owing lumbar fusion. To avoid adjacent segment disease, researchers have transformed strong internal fixation into elastic fixation, but the treatment outcomes are barely satisfactory. Furthermore, factors involving adjacent segment disease remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between L3-4 segment disease fol owing lumbar fusion and gender. METHODS:200 patients undergoing lumbar fusion of L4-5 and L5-S1 in the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang ranging from 2007 to 2016 were enrol ed, and then al otted into male and female groups (n=100 per group) for retrospective analysis. The incidence of L3-4 segment disease was compared between two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the male group, in the female group, the incidence of L3-4 segment diseases at different fusion locations and ranges, the Oswestry disability index and visual analogue scale and each migration range were significantly higher. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender was one of the independent factors of L3-4 segment disease following lumbar fusion of L3-4 and L5-S1. These findings suggest that gender is one of the influencing factors of L3-4 segment disease after instrumented lumbar;thereby, adjacent segment disease occurs frequently in female patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of STOML-2 overexpression on apoptosis of human cervical squamous carcinoma Siha cells.

METHODSSiha cells were transfected with an adenoviral vector carrying STOML-2, and 72 h later STOML-2 expression and the proliferation of the cells were detected by Western blotting and MTT assay. The transfected cells were treated with IC50 Cisplatin for 24 h, and the morphological changes of cells were observed using fluorescence, and the cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytomerty; the expression levels of proteins related with mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, including caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome C (Cyt C), were detected by Western blotting.

RESULTSWestern blotting showed a significantly increased STOML-2 expression in the transfected cells. Overexpression of STOML-2 obviously promoted the proliferation of Siha cells. The STOML-2-overexpressing cells exhibited an obvious resistance to IC50 Cisplatin-induced apoptosis as shown by both fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry and presented with decreased expressions of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and cytosol Cyt C and increased expressions of caspase-3, Bcl-2, and mitochondrial Cyt C.

CONCLUSIONSOverexpression of STOML-2 can enhance the proliferation of Siha cells by inhibiting cell apoptosis possibly through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Blood Proteins ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To explore a more effective way to enhance the clinical efficacy of cluster immunotherapy for perennial allergic rhinitis. Methods A total of 60 perennial allergic rhinitis patients were evenly randomized into treatment goup and control group. The two groups were given cluster immunotherapy, and the treatment group was given daily vesiculating moxibustion additionally . Before and after treatment, the scores of traditional Chinese medical constitution and the rhinitis quality of life ( QOL) were observed, and one year after treatment, the therapeutic effect and safety were evaluated. Results ( 1) One year after treatment, the treatment group showed better total clinical efficiency than the control group ( 96.67% vs 80.00%, P<0.05). ( 2) After treatment, the average scores of Qi deficiency constitution, yang deficiency constitution and special constitution were significantly lower than those before treatment in the treatment group ( P<0.01). The improvement of Qi deficiency constitution and yang deficiency constitution in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group ( P<0.05). ( 3) The total QOL scores and the scores of each dimension of QOL scale were improved in both groups, and the differences were significant except for the emotion dimension ( P<0.01). Insignificant differences were shown between the two groups after treatment ( P>0.05). ( 4) Two cases had grade 1 general adverse reaction and 5 cases had local adverse reaction during cluster immunotherapy. During vesiculating moxibustion, 3 cases had blistering and the blistering disappeared after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion Daily vesiculating moxibustion combined with cluster immunity therapy is effective for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, showing good effect on improving Qi deficiency constitution, yang deficiency constitution and special constitution as well as the quality of life of the patients.

Objective To implement hypothermia during blood purification to investigate its effect and risk in the treatment of postoperative cardiogenic shock in valvular heart disease.Methods A non-blinded prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted.Patients with valvular heart disease suffering from postoperative cardiogenic shock admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital from January 2011 to December 2014 were enrolled,and they were randomly divided into normothermic continuous blood purification (CBP) group (NT group) and hypothermia C BP group (HT group) according to random number table and envelope enclosed method.The patients in both groups were given continuous renal replacement therapy (CVVH),the blood temperature in NT group was remained at 36.5-37.3 ℃,and it was controlled at 34.0-35.0 ℃C in HT group.The data were collected before and 1,2,3 days after treatment,including cardiac index (CI),the oxygen supply/oxygen consumption ratio (DO2/VO2),acute physiology and chronic health evaluation 1Ⅲ (APACHE Ⅲ) score,multiple organ dysfunction (MODS) score.The length of ICU stay,duration of mechanical ventilation,duration of CBP,ICU mortality and the incidence of complication were recorded.Results A total of 95 patients were enrolled,with 47 patients in NT group,and 48 in HT group.There was no significant difference in gender,age,preoperative cardiac function,cardiothoracic ratio and type of valve replacement between two groups.Compared with those before treatment,no significant difference Was found in CI,DO2/VO2 ratio,APACHE Ⅲ score,MODS score on 1,2,3 days after treatment in NT group (all P ＞ 0.05).But in HT group,DO2/VO2 ratio was significantly improved on 1 day after treatment (2.5 ± 0.7 vs.1.8 ± 0.4,P ＜ 0.05),CI (mL·s-1·m-2:50.01±8.34 vs.31.67±11.67),APACHE Ⅲ score (50.6±6.2 vs.77.5±5.5),and MODS score (6.0± 1.5 vs.9.3±3.4) were significantly improved 3 days after treatment (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with those in NT group,DO2/VO2 ratio in HT group was significantly increased from 1 day after treatment (2.5 ± 0.7 vs.1.8± 0.4,P ＜ 0.05),and CI (mL·s-1·m-2:38.34 ± 10.00 vs.35.01 ± 6.67),APACHE Ⅲ score (68.9 ± 7.1 vs.81.2 ± 7.3),and MODS score (8.9± 2.7 vs.10.6 ± 2.4) were significantly improved from 2 days after treatment (all P ＜ 0.05).In respect of clinical outcomes,compared with NT group,the length of ICU stay (days:6.9 ± 3.4 vs.12.5 ± 3.5,t =2.024,P =0.017) and duration of mechanical ventilation (days:4.2± 1.3 vs.7.5±2.7,t =1.895,P =0.034) in HT group was significantly shortened,duration of C BP was also significantly shortened (days:4.6 ± 1.4 vs.10.5 ± 4.0,t =2.256,P =0.019),and ICU mortality was significantly lowered (12.50％ vs.23.40,x2 =1.987,P =0.024),but there was no significant difference in incidence of infection (54.17％ vs.53.19％,x2 =0.689,P =0.341),ventricular arrhythmia (31.25％ vs.36.17％,x2 =0.772,P =0.237),and muscle fibrillation (14.58％ vs.8.51％,x2 =0.714,P =0.346),and blood loss (mL:617.0±60.7 vs.550.9±85.2,t =1.290,P =0.203) between HT group and NT group.The incidence of bradycardia in HT group was significantly higher than that of the NT group (29.17％ vs.14.89％,x2 =2.368,P =0.029).Conclusion Blood purification under hypothermia is a safe and effective therapeutic procedure for postoperative cardiogenic shock in patients with valvular heart disease,and it may improve the prognosis of postoperative patients.