Objective:To compare the efficacy of fusion and non-fusion hybrid operation with Dynesys system with the traditional fusion operation with rigid instrumentation in the patients with multi-segment lumbar degenerative disease.Methods:A total of 30 patients with multi-segment lumbar degenerative disease who were subjected to operation from January 2017 to October 2019 in Shenzhen People's Hospital were included in the study. There were 13 males and 17 females, age: 60.8±13.2 years, range: 25 to 83 years. 28 patients with two segments, 1 with three segments, and 1 with four segments. The patients were divided into two groups, i.e the hybrid operation group (13 cases, 9 males and 4 females, average age: 56.6 years, range: 25 to 83 years) versus the traditional fusion group (17 cases, 4 males and 13 females, average age: 63.9 years, range: 46 to 80 years). The main outcome measures were visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), range of motion (ROM), adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) and complications.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in operation data, such as operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume and length of hospitalization, between the two groups. There were no significant differences for ROM in the surgical segments between the two groups before operation (hybrid group and traditional group were 9.6°±4.9° vs. 8.9°±6.1°, t=0.341, P=0.736, respectively). However, after 12 months follow-up, the ROM disappeared in the traditional group and was partially preserved in the hybrid group, with statistically significant differences (hybrid group and traditional group were 5.4°±2.7° vs. 0°, t=9.104, P=0.001, respectively). There was a statistical difference in intervertebral disc height between the two groups at 12 months post-operation, though no statistical difference was found before operation (8.8±1.9 mm vs. 10.5±1.7 mm, t=2.927, P=0.006). There was no statistically significant difference in the intervertebral disc height of the upper adjacent vertebrae between the two groups before and after operation. There were statistically significant differences in ODI scores before operation (63.4%±11.0% vs. 71.3%±9.2%, t=2.146, P=0.041), and 12 months post-operation (17.2%±2.1% vs. 15.5%±2.3%, t=2.091, P=0.046), while no statistical difference was found in VAS scores. Conclusion:The fusion and non-fusion hybrid operation with Dynesys system has comparable clinical efficacy with the traditional fusion operation with rigid instrumentation in the treatment of multisegment lumbar degenerative disease. Meanwhile, the hybrid surgery can preserve the motion of surgical segments and provide a dynamic stability of the vertebral body. The hybrid surgery can be used as a new surgical method for multi-segment lumbar degenerative disease.

Objective To analyze the clinical value of transforaminal endoscopic minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of recurrent lumbar disc herniation.Methods Strictly included in the criteria,47 patients diagnosed with recurrent lumbar disc herniation who was treated unsuccessfully with conservative treatment were selected from our department from May 2011 to December 2015.There were 31 males and 16 females,with an average age of 43.45 ±3.37 years old (29-62 years old).There were L3,4 section in 4 cases,L4,5 section in 32 cases,and L5S1 section in 11 cases.The interval between the first operation and the reoperation was between 10 and 185 months,with an average of 49 months.In the first operation,there were 11 cases of posterior intervertebral disc endoscopy (MED) surgery,and 36 cases of decompression of vertebral disc nucleus pulposus surgery.Take a prone position under local anesthesia percutaneous puncture intervertebral foramen in the endoscopic minimally invasive surgery,intraoperative decompression of vertebral canal and nerve root canal,removal of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus tissue,explore and release nerve root.The Oswestry disability index (ODI),visual analogue scale (VAS) and improved Macnab standard were used to assess the efficacy of the operation.Operation segments intervertebral height change,lumbar power X-ray slice of intervertebral Angle was measured according to preoperative and last follow-up of lumbar lateral X-ray observation,and lumbar spine motion (the range of motion,ROM) was calculated.Results All cases were successfully performed,no open surgery,and all cases were followed up.The average surgical blood volume was 10.3± 2.7 ml,the operation time was 63.5±11.6 min,no nerve root injury,dural injury,cerebrospinal fluid leakage,muscle strength decline,secondary obstruction,lumbar instability or other serious complications occurred.The follow-up time was from 18 to 52 months,with an average of 35.5±5.1 months.The preoperative ODI 51.35± 15.29 decreased to 3.31 ±2.17 at the last postoperative follow-up,the preoperative VAS score 8.11 ± 1.05 decreased to (1.03± 0.81) at the last postoperative follow-up,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).As to the last follow-up evaluation of curative effect,according to the modified MacNab method,the fine rate was 87.2％;At the time of the last follow-up,surgery intervertebral disc height of front and rear section before and after surgery had no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05),the motion of operation segmental lumbar (the range of motion,ROM) had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Under the premise of strict control of surgical indications,the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of recurrent lumbar disc herniation is reliable.The transforaminal approach does not affect the stability of the spine.The operation has the advantages of small trauma,fewer complications,and is safe and effective.

Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism

BACKGROUND:At present, vertebroplasty and spinal canal decompression are common methods for treatment of metastatic spinal tumors. Iodine-125 (125 I) radioactive seed implantation has been shown to control the tumor. However, there were few clinical studies on combined therapy using above-mentioned methods. OBJECTIVE:To compare the differences of 125I radioactive seed implantation combined with vertebroplasty and titanium al oy nail-rod fixation and vertebroplasty combined with titanium al oy nail-rod fixation for treating thoracolumbar metastases on pain control, general performance and improvement of the spinal cord function, and to evaluate clinical value of 125 I radioactive seed implantation combined with therapeutic plans. METHODS:Thoracolumbar metastases patients undergoing titanium al oy nail-rod fixation were selected in the Department of Spinal Surgery, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital in China from October 2009 to March 2013. They were assigned to experimental and control groups according to with or without 125 I radioactive seed implantation. Improvement in neurological function was observed before and 2 weeks, 1, 6, and 12 months after titanium al oy nail-rod fixation in both groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients were fol owed up for 7 to 29 months, averagely 15.8 months. There was no loosening of titanium al oy nail-rod fixation and the position of bone cement was good. No seed migration or radioactive spinal cord injury was observed. No relapse or diffusion in the surgical site was observed during fol ow up. Visual Analogue Scale and Karnofsky Performance Status scores were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Frankel level was obviously improved after fixation in both groups compared with preoperation. No significant difference in the improvement of neurological function was detected between the two groups (P>0.05). Results indicated that 125 I radioactive seed implantation combined with vertebroplasty and titanium al oy nail-rod fixation for treatment of metastatic spinal tumors showed obvious outcomes in relieving cancer pain.

Objective To explore the value of combining Uniplate anterior cervical plate system with titanium cage to treat single level cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Method Observing the clinical outcome and X-ray results of 32 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy undergone anterior decompression, autograft fusion and internal fixation with Uniplate anterior cervical plate system and titanium cage. Results All patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months. According to bony fusion criteria,no implants breakage, dislocation or loosening was found in all cases in 3 months' postoperatively radiological review. According to Odom classification,excellent outcome was 27 patients, good was 5 patients, the excellent and good rate was 100%(32/32). Conclusions Combining Uniplate anterior cervical plate system with titanium cage to treat single level cervical spondylotic myelopathy has advantages of easy manipulation,safe, less complication and higher fusion rate. It is an ideal way for cervical anterior fixation.

BACKGROUND: Gallium is a non-essential trace element in the human body. In vivo experiments have confirmed that gallium can directly inhibit bone osteelysis, prevent bone calcium release, increase bone calcium content, serves as a new drug treatment of metabolic bone disease, its anti-bone transformation mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of gallium nitrate on collagen and bone calcium protein in osteeporotic rat model. METHODS: Ninety female SD rats were divided into control group (n = 20) and osteoporosis group (n = 70) at random. Control group rats were sutured to close abdominal cavity after bilateral ovarian was exposed. Osteoporosis group rats received the bilateral ovariectomy to produce osteoporotic rat models, which then were assigned into 4 groups by random digits table: osteoporotic control group (n = 16) by intraperitoneal injection of saline, 3 times per week; Low-dose gallium salt group (n = 16) by intrapedtoneal injection of I mg/kg of galfium nitrate, 3 times per week; High-dose gallium salt group (n = 15) by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg ofgallium nitrate, 3 times per week; Estrogen group (n = 15) by intraperitoneal injection of estradiol, 3 times per week. After 12 weeks of the treatment, the bone collagen, osteocalcin protein and hydroxyproline levels in bone specimens were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with control group, the content of collagen in osteoporosis control group was reduced (P < 0.05), the contents of aminohexose and hydroxyproline increased (P < 0.05), no significant differences were observed in the content of sulfate-base for both groups. Following gallium and estradiol treatment, the collagen contents enhanced (P < 0.05), while the contents of aminohexose and hydroxyproline reduced (P < 0.05). High-dose gallium salt group had a remarkable curative effect compared with low-dose gallium salt group (P < 0.05), and was similar to estradiol group (P > 0.05). it is indicated that gallium nitrate can improve bone metabolism status with osteoporosis through increasing the content of collagen and decreasing the content of hydroxyproline, 2 mg/kg gallium nitrate are similar to estrogen treatment.

BACKGROUND:Different methods and biomaterials have been applied in animal experiments and clinical practice to prevent the formation of epidural scars,Biodegradable and sticky semi-fluid gels are the most often used material.Salvia miltforrhiza radix (SMR) and carbomer have been clinically confirmed to be the safe and effective drugs and gel agents. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of SMR-gel on preventing epidural adhesion after laminectomy.DESIGN:A complete randomized grouping design, a controlled experiment. SETTING:Department of Orthopaedics,Shenzhen People's Hospital (Second Clinical College of Jinan University). MATERIALS:Thirty-six healthy pure New Zealand rabbits were used,either male of female,clean degree,2-3 years of age. They were randomly divided into four groups with 9 rabbits in each group:blank control group,gel contro group, HA group and SMR-gel group. Carbomer934 powder (Shanghai People's Pharmaceutical Factory, batch number: 20000510) , hyaluronic acid (HA) [Shandong Bausch & Lomb Freda Pharaceutical, Co., Ltd.,No.H10960136,2 mL (20 mg)].METHODS:The experiments were carried out in the animal laboratory of Shenzhen People's Hospital from April 2002 to August 2003.①Preparing SMR-gel:SMR was prepared into extract powder.Carbomer934 powder was added by water for dissolving and swelling and stayed overnight,then SMR-gel was prepared by dipping with triethanolamine,adding with SMR extract powder (2 g),then adding with purified water till 100.0 g and stirring uniformly.②The rabbits were anesthetized. and the lamina of vertebra was totally resected at L3 and L6 (reserving superior and Inferior articular processes).then defects of 10 mm×5 mm were made to expose the dura mater.The vertebral defects were added with 1 mL carbomer gel, 1 mL HA (20 g/L) and 1 mL SMR-gel in the gel control group,HA group and SMR-gel group respectively.whereas nothing was added in the blank control group.③Gross samples:Three rabbits were killed 4,6 and 8 weeks postoperatively in each group.vertebraI ventral fascia were stripped to remove the spinal segments (L3,L6) for operation completely,and totally 24 samples for each time.One sample was selected in each group 4 weeks postoperatively. and the samples were observed under H-600 transmission electron microscope (Hitachi). ④The adhesion compactness of scar tissue with dura mater was evaluated in the 24 samples of the 4 groups at 8 weeks postoperatively:There were 4 grades:No obvious adhesion between dural sac and scar tissue for grade O:Extensive and compact adhesion between dural sac and scar tissue. impossible blunt dissection between dural sac and scar tissue.incomplete dural sac after sharp dissection for grade Ⅲ.Each spinal segment was cut into 4 parts equally,and all were prepared into sections and stained,then the thickness of epidural scar was determined with Tiger2000 image analyzer. ⑤The rank sum test was used in the scar adhesion compactness grading evaluated with naked eyes,whereas analysis of variance.and two-two comparison were used in analyzing the thickness of epidural scar.P＜0.05 was considered as significant difference.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Results of gross scar adhesion compactness grading at 8 weeks and comparison of the thickness of epidural scar at 4.6 and 8 weeks;②Results of gross observation,histological examination and ultrastructure.RESULTS: All the 36 rabbits were involved in the analysis of results. ①Results of gross observation and pathohistological examination:There was compact adhesion at each time point in the blank control group,part adhesion in the gel control group and HA group, and no obvious adhesion in the SMR-gel group.②Results of quantitative analysis:The rabbits with lower scores of scar adhesion compactness grading In the blank control group,gel control group and HA group were obviously fewer than those in the SMR-gel group (W=45-52,P＜0.05-0.01).The scar thickness at 4 and 8 weeks in the SMR-gel group was obviously less than that in the other 3 groups(F=128.657,152.246,80.891,P＜0.01).③Results of observation under transmission electron microscope:The proliferation of fibroblasts at 4 week was active in the blank control group,gel control group and HA group,but inactive in the SMR-gel group.CONCLUSION:①SMR can inhibit the fibroblasts to proliferate,differentiate and synthetize into secretory collagens,and then inhibit the formation of epidural scar adhesion.②HA can be absorbed by organs very early,which reduces its role in preventing adhesion.Whereas carbomer gel can stay longer, and it plays a role in inhibiting and blocking adhesion in the whole process of wound repairing.

[Objective]To evaluate temporary balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta in sacral tumors surgical operation as a useful adjuvant technique.[Method]Temporary balloon occlusion of abdominal aorta was used in 36 patients during the sacral tumors surgical operations(study group).Another 32 patients with sacral tumors who receive the preoperative arterial embolization theraphy were used as control group.The quantity of blood loss during the surgery,the whole surgery time,the complication,mean days in hospital,recovery days post-operation and recurrence rate were recorded.The results in two groups were compared with each other.[Result]The time of operations of study group was(149.19?73.81)minutes.The loss of blood was(826.67?509.11)ml.Two cases had complication after operation.Mean days in hospital were(26.05?7.08)d.Recovery days post-operation were(34.61? 8.22)d.Recurrence rate of six months was 5.5 %.Recurrence rate of one year was 11%.Recurrence rate of two years was 16%.The time of operations of control group was(221.33?45.19)min.The loss of blood was( 1 652 ?706.99)ml.Eight cases had complications after operation.Mean days in hospital were(37.93?7.63)d.Recovery days post-operation were(46.03?9.67)d.Recurrence rate of six months was 18%.Recurrence rate of one year was 31%.Recurrence rate of two years was 40.6%.[Conclusion]The effect of temporary balloon occlusion of abdominal aorta is reliable.It significantly reduced the time of operations,the loss of blood,complications,mean days in hospital,recovery days post-operation and recurrence rate.It makes the operation of sacral tumors much more safer than before.

[Objective] To evaluate the therapeutic effect of early composite treatment in patients with cervical spinal cord injury(SCI) caused by diving injury.[Method]27 patients of SCI caused by diving injury,including complete SCI in 15 patients and incomplete SCI in 12 patients,were analyzed.Early composite treatment scheme were as follows:(1) systemic treatment: respiratory support and effective circulation volume for maintenance of systolic pressure more than 90mmHg and oxygen saturation more than 90%.(2) Early pharmacological treatment such as methylprednisolone and dexamethasone.(3) Immobilization and reduction of the injured cervical spine by skull traction.(4) Early cervical decompression,reduction,graft and internal fixation.(5) Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy after operation.The stability and fusion of the injured segments and the complications of the hardware were observed on the X-ray film postoperatively.The spinal cord function was evaluated with ASIA grades and sensorymotor scores.[Result]All 27 patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months,with an average of 28 months.No intra-operative and post-operative complications,the incision healed well.The injured segments were stable and all bone grafts acquired fusion in 3 months,no plates or screws broken or loosen.The neurological recovery were detected in 13 patients.The neurological recovery rate was 20% in complete SCI,83.3% in incomplete SCI,48.1% in the total.The ASIA grades of the sensory and motor scores could hardly be improved postoperatively in complete spinal cord injury while in incomplete spinal cord injury the ASIA grades and sensorymotor scores increased significantly.[Conclusion]Early composite treatment of cervical spinal cord injury caused by diving injury can significantly improve neurological function of the cervical spinalcord injury patients.

Objective To investigate the causes and prevention on complications of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP). Methods Forty three cases with 64 vertebrae were performed PVP from May 2001 to October 2003. The incidence of complication was 13 cases (30.2%). Leakage of polymethylmethacry (PMMA) without symptoms occurred in 4 cases. Leakage with pain occurred in 3 cases. No leakage but with pain occurred in 4 cases after the procedure. Fracture of adjacent vertebrae occurred in 2 cases. All cases were followed up from 3 to 29 months (in average of 13.2 months). Results There wasn′t severe complications in 7 leakage cases. The pain in 7 cases was relieved and disappeared at 2-7 days after the procedure. The symptoms of pain in 2 cases of adjacent vertebrae fracture were relieved. Conclusion If sufficient preventive measures are applied before or during the procedure of PVP,the complications may be reduced effectively.