Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype, molecular characteristics, and differential diagnosis of primary intracranial DICER1-mutant sarcoma in order to better understand this tumor type.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 7 cases of primary intracranial DICER1-mutant sarcoma diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China between 2021 and 2023 using next-generation sequencing. At the same time, 10 gliosarcomas, 4 intracranial FET::CREB fusion-positive mesenchymal tumors, 4 malignant meningiomas, 3 malignant solitary fibrous tumors, 3 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, 3 synovial sarcomas and 3 rhabdomyosarcomas (total 30 cases) were selected as control.Results:Among the 7 patients with primary intracranial DICER1-mutant sarcoma, 6 were male and 1 was female, aged 10-32 years (median, 23 years). The tissue morphology was predominantly spindle or pleomorphic sarcoma-like, with 6 cases exhibiting eosinophilic globules, and 3 cases showing rhabdomyoblastic or rhabdomyosarcoma-like cell differentiation. Immunohistochemistry revealed focal desmin expression in 3 cases (3/7), ATRX loss in 3 cases (3/7), and p53 mutant pattern in 4 cases (4/7). Additionally, 4 cases (4/7) showed focal or diffuse SALL4 expression, whereas the control cases (30 cases) did not exhibit SALL4 protein expression, suggesting that SALL4 may possess certain auxiliary diagnostic value. Next-generation sequencing confirmed that all 7 cases of primary intracranial DICER1-mutant sarcoma harbored mutations in the DICER1 gene, with 5 cases having the mutation site at p.E1813D. Until May 2024, all 7 patients were alive.Conclusions:Primary intracranial DICER1-mutant sarcoma is a rare tumor. Understanding its morphological characteristics, immunohistochemical and molecular markers and differential diagnosis is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis and to improve diagnostic accuracy of this tumor.

Objective:To compare the efficacy between dual stability constructs and modified Scott techniques for treatment of symptomatic spondylolysis in active adolescents.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical date of 64 active adolescents who had been treated for symptomatic spondylolysis at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force from January 2017 to October 2021. There were 59 males and 5 females with an age of (24.9±5.2) years. Responsible vertebral bodies were L 3 in 2 cases, L 4 in 10 cases, L 5 in 47 cases, and L 4 to L 5 in 5 cases; spondylolisthesis was accompanied in 9 cases. Depending on the surgical methods, the patients were divided into a dual stability constructs (pedicle screws and laminar screws) group (observation group, 31 cases) and a modified Scott group (control group, 33 cases). The 2 groups were compared in terms of operative time, bleeding volume, postoperative drainage volume, isthmus healing rate, rate of internal fixation failure, visual analogue scale (VAS) for low back pain, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and the good and excellent rate by JOA at postoperative 1 month, 3 months, and the last follow-up, and the incidence of complications. Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up. The operation time in the observation group [(94.7±14.9) min] was significantly longer than that in the control group [(84.4±16.4) min] ( P=0.011), but there was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding volume or postoperative drainage volume ( P>0.05). The healing rate of bilateral isthmi in the observation group was 93.5% (29/31), significantly higher than that in the control group [60.6% (20/33)], and the rate of internal fixation failure in the observation group (0) was significantly lower than that in the control group (12.1%, 4/33) ( P<0.05). At postoperative 1 month, 3 months, and the last follow-up, the VAS scores were significantly lower than the preoperative value in all patients while the JOA scores significantly higher ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, in the observation group the VAS score [0 (0, 1.0)] was significantly lower than that in the control group [1(0, 2)], and the JOA score [(27.1±1.2) points] and the excellent and good rate by JOA [93.5% (29/31)] were significantly higher than those in the control group [(25.7±2.1) points and 75.8% (25/33)] ( P<0.05). In the control group, follow-ups revealed internal fixation failure in 4 cases due to the cable cutting out of the spinous processes, yielding a failure rate of 12.1%, while no internal fixation failure was observed in the observation group. Conclusions:Both dual stability constructs and modified Scott techniques can relieve the clinical symptoms of spondylolysis in active adolescents to various extents. However, dual stability constructs with pedicle screws and laminar screws may lead to a higher isthmus healing rate and better curative effects.

Objective To compare the impact on ¹⁸F fluorodeoxyglucose （¹⁸F-FDG） positron emission tomography （PET） image quality when block sequential regularized expectation maximization （BSREM） algorithm and ordered subset expectation maximization （OSEM） algorithm were used at various acquisition times （ATs）, and to discuss the feasibility of AT optimization with BSREM algorithm. Methods In the phantom experiment, the NEMA/IEC PET phantom was adopted. In the clinical study, 66 pulmonary nodules with high uptake values from 61 patients who underwent a ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT examination for pulmonary nodules from March to September 2020 were included. PET images were reconstructed according to BSREM algorithm and OSEM algorithm at various ATs in both the phantom experiment and the clinical study. Coefficient of variation, signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, and activity values （uptake value in the phantom experiment; standardized uptake value in the clinical study） were compared between the above sequence images for quality evaluation. Results The phantom experiment showed that the image quality of 120 s BSREM sequence was superior to that of 120 s OSEM sequence, and the image quality of 75 s BSREM sequence was similar to that of 120 s OSEM sequence. The clinical study showed that the image quality of 120 s BSREM sequence was superior to that of 120 s OSEM sequence, and the image quality of 75 s BSREM sequence was slightly better than that of 120 s OSEM sequence. Conclusion In the PET phantom experiment and the clinical study of pulmonary nodules with high uptake values, BSREM algorithm can significantly improve the image quality as compared to OSEM algorithm, and the image quality of 75 s BSREM sequence is slightly better than that of 120 s OSEM sequence.

Objective To understand the relationship of anxiety and depression with AIDS knowledge,cognition of risk and sex behavior among young men who have sex with men(YMSM).Methods The study was conducted by the snowballs sampling method for the recruitment and serological examination of YMSM aged 15-24 in Mianyang city,Sichuan province.The anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed by the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the self-rating depression scale (SDS).Chi-square test was used to implement single-factor analysis and non-conditional logistic regression for multiple-factor analysis.Results Totally 356 cases completed the SAS and 355 cases completed the SDS.And the total scores of SAS and SDS were (42.96± 10.81) and (45.63± 12.40).The detection rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 23.60％ and 33.24％ respectively.There was no statistical difference in the incidence of HIV infection with or without anxiety and depression (x2=2.235,1.718,both P＞0.05),and there was a statistical difference in the incidence of syphilis infection (x2 =6.840,P＜0.05).Multi-factor analysis results showed that HIV infection risk awareness(β=1.101,P=0.015),number of anal sex in nearly 1 week (β=1.111,P=0.005),and the diagnosis of STD in nearly 1 year(β=1.996,P=0.010) were independent factors influencing anxiety symptoms,meanwhile occasional sex in nearly six months (β=0.692,P=0.037),and the number of anal sex in nearly one week (β=0.969,P=0.012) were independent factors in depressive symptoms (P＜0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of anxiety and depressive symptoms among YMSM is high.Anxiety and depressive symptoms are related to AIDS related factors,which has certain characteristics to the YMSM sex behavior and is of great health risk.AIDS prevention should combine behavior with psychological intervention.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with different intensity conditioning regimen in the treatment of childhood aplastic anemia (AA) . Methods: Thirty-seven AA patients who underwent haploidentical transplantation in BaYi Children's Hospital Affiliated to PLA Army General Hospital from January 2013 to January 2017 were enrolled. According to the dosage of conditioning regimen, 34 patients excluding 3 other conditioning regimens were divided into high-dosage group (regimen 2, 22 cases) and low-dosage group (regimen 3, 12 cases). The data of Engraftment, graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), hematopoietic reconstitution, relapse, infection, overall survival (OS) were analyzed. The comparison between the two groups was tested by χ² test. Results: A total of 35 of 37 patients achieved primary engraftment; 2 cases died of regimen-related toxicity and severe infection before the infusing of the grafts. The activation rate of CMV and EBV was 60% (21/35) . Post-transplant lymphocyte disease (PTLD) of lung occurred in one case. The cumulative incidences of acute GVHD grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ and chronic GVHD were 29% (10/35) and 34% (12/35) respectively and the incidence of extensive chronic GVHD was 6% (2/35) . The median follow-up time was 18.8 (2.9-44.1) months, the OS was 92% (34/37) .All survived patients were no longer dependent on blood transfusion and none of them had recurrence. Comparing the rates of overall survival(86%(19/22) vs.100%(12/12)) and rates of chronic GVHD(40%(8/20) vs. 17%(2/12)) in regimen 2 and regimen 3 group, there were no significant difference (χ²=1.742, 1.841, all P>0.05) . Significant difference was found at the incidence of Ⅰ-Ⅳ acute GVHD (10% (2/20) vs. 50% (6/12) ,χ²=6.200, P=0.013). Conclusions Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is effective and safe. It is suitable for patients who are not eligible for matched donor transplantation. Application of reduced dose preconditioning in haploid transplantation is worth exploring.

Objective To study the relationship between executive function and activities of daily living for patients with periventricular white matter lesions (PWMLs). Methods From January, 2016 to January, 2017, 35 PWMLs patients and 35 normal controls were collected. Their executive function and activities of daily living were assessed with neuropsychological tests and Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL).Results Compared with the normal control group, the scores of Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) significantly decreased (t>13.726, P<0.001), the times of Trail-Making Test and Stroop Colour Word Test significantly lengthened, the Verbal Fluency Test score decreased (t=6.891, P=0.013) and the Digit-Symbol Substitution Test score did not improve (t=3.372, P=0.072) in PWMLs group. The Z score of executive function was positively correlated with ADL score (r=0.438, P=0.008).Conclusion The executive function and activities of daily living are impaired in PWMLs patients, and their activities of daily living is related to the severity of the executive function impairment.

Objective To establish an animal behavioral model of tinnitus with step -down test ,and make use of the model to analyze the tinnitus genesis site in the salicylate-rats .Methods Forty wistar rats were includscl in this study ,they were randonly into 2 groups(experinent group and constrot group ,20 rats each group) .Ascertain that the animals treated with sodium salicylate(SS) have the sensation of tinnitus with the method of step -down test behavioral model .After having established a behavioral conditioned reflex ,subjects responded correctly to jump onto a climbing pole after hearing the sound .Then animals were under bilateral auditory nerves section ,to test whether the ablated-animals could still jump onto the pole after being treated with SS .Results Animals with the ab‐lating surgery could seldom jump onto the pole ,only reaching 1 .59 ± 0 .12 times average per 10 tests .Compared with con‐trol group ,there were significant differences with t-Test (P<0 .05) ,suggesting that subjects could not hear the tinnitus after the surgery .Conclusion Sodium salicylate could not make the animals with bilateral auditory nerves section to have the sensation of tinnitus .The peripheral auditory system plays an extremely important role in salicylate-induced tinnitus .

Objective To explore the efficiency and prognosis of hematological malignancies treated by haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Methods 70 patients who received haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were analyzed retrospectively.According to tumor burden before transplantation,the patients were divided into three groups,the low tumor burden group,the mediate tumor burden group and the high tumor burden group.And then the effection of the tumor burden to survival was analyzed,and the engraftment,GVHD,infection,conditioning related toxicity,relapse and survival rate were also observed.Results The follow-up was terminated on January 1,2014.Follow-ups were performed for a median of 34.05 (7.4-83.6) months after transplantation.All patients achieved engraftments.The cumulative incidence of GVHD of grades 2-4 was 47.14 ％ (33/70) and that of grades 3-4 was 21.4 ％ (15/70).The chronic extensive GVHD was 20.0 ％ (14/70).The overall survival was 68.6 ％.Transplant-related mortality was 12.8 ％ and the relapse was 18.6 ％.The overall survivals in low tumor burden group,mediate tumor burden group,high tumor burden group were 91.67 ％,72.7 ％,33.3 ％ respectively.By SPSS 20.0,tumor burden was the high risk factor affecting the survival (low tumor group vs high tumor group,mediate tumor group vs high tumor group,low tumor group vs high tumor group,P =0.000,P =0.038,P =0.016).Conclusions Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in hematological malignancies is safe and effective.And for hematological malignancies with poor prognosis disease,it should be accepted the HSCT as soon as possible after remission in order to reduce the recurrence rate of malignancy.

A 55 year old man complained of a painless mass at the left maxillofacial region. The mass had continuously grown over 10 years. Upon physical examination a cystic mass with size of 5 cm in length with bulging smooth surface was seen on the left maxillofacial region. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed a giant cyst with bone destruction and invasion in the left maxilla, maxillary sinus and nasal cavity. Needle aspiration of the mass yielded 80 milliliter of brown fluid. The excisional biopsy was made which revealed ghost cells and dysplastic dentin that were features of dentinogenic ghost cell tumor. Finally, a dentinogenic ghost cell was diagnosed.
Cysts ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus ; Middle Aged ; Odontogenic Tumors ; pathology

Objective:To evaluate the expression of CXCR4 and the migration rate of bone marrow stromal CD34+cells in differ-ent risk groups with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) using correlation analysis. Methods: Forty MDS patients were divided into low-and high-risk groups based on the International Prognosis Scoring System (IPSS). The former was composed of 20 patients with IPSS<1.5, whereas the latter was composed of 20 patients with IPSS≥1.5. Bone marrow (BM) samples of these patients and 10 nor-mal controls were collected. CD34+cells were separated and purified. The expression of CXCR4 was determined by flow cytometry. The migration rate of CD34+cells on the chemotactic effect of SDF-1αand on the effect of bone marrow stromal cells were measured. Results:The expression rate of CXCR4 was higher in the high-risk MDS group than in the low-risk and control groups (P<0.000 1). No significant differences existed between the low-risk and the control groups (P>0.05). The migration rate of CD34+cells on the ef-fects of SDF-1αand marrow stromal cells were significantly increased in the high-risk MDS group compared with those in the low-risk and control groups (P<0.000 1). Migration rate of CD34+cells on the effect of marrow stromal cells was positively correlated with CX-CR4 expression (P=0.000 1). Conclusion:The CXCR4 expression and migration rates of CD34+cells on the effect of marrow stromal cells are significantly higher in the high-risk MDS group than in the low-risk group. Migration rate has a positive correlation with the CXCR4 expression, which further indicates that MDS is a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic stem cell malignancies. The expres-sion and function of SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 differ within each group with various risks. SDF-1 and CXCR4 may be involved in MDS pathogenesis.