Background: Asthma management should be individualized, evidence-based, aimed at controlling clinical symptoms, preventing severe exacerbations, and improving quality of life. Studies have shown that inhalation therapy with iodine- bromide saltwater improves lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while radon-containing mineral water inhalation reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in asthma. Several studies have analyzed the composition of the Shargaljuut hot spring, with Oyuntsesteg et al. identifying high levels of Na+-HCO3 - and Na+-SO4. Other studies on mineral water therapies have reported benefits such as thinning bronchial secretions, improving sputum clearance, reducing inflammation and acidity, mitigating oxidative stress, and enhancing quality of life. Aim: To study the effectiveness of combined asthma treatment with inhaled corticosteroids and hot spring inhalation. Materials and Methods: The study included 67 participants diagnosed with asthma who consented to participate and underwent 10 days of combined inhaled corticosteroid therapy and mineral water inhalation at Shargaljuut sanatorium. A total of 57 participants completed the pre- and post-treatment assessments. Treatment result was assessed using Asthma control questionnaire 7, asthma symptom control with Asthma Control Test (ACT), and exercise tolerance by a 6-minute walk test. Chest X-rays were taken for all participants to rule out pneumonia, cancer, or pulmonary fibrosis. Treatment outcomes were evaluated using ACT scores, peripheral blood eosinophil count, total IgE levels in serum, spirometry indices (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC), and the 6-minute walk distance. Results: The average age of participants was 52±12 years, with a predominance of females. The mean asthma control score was 14.2±4.80, indicating poor asthma control. After 10 days of inhaling corticosteroids combined with hot spring inhalation post-treatment quality of life increased by 0.5 points, FEV1 improved by 7.5%, FVC by 4.2%, peripheral blood eosinophil count decreased by 0.3%, and total Ig E levels dropped from 73.3 (22.5; 216) to 73.2 (21.3; 223) u/ml (p=0.000). Conclusion In cases of uncontrolled asthma remission, combining of inhaled corticosteroid therapy with hot spring inhalation at Shargaljuut improved asthma symptoms, quality of life, enhanced lung function, and reduced inflammatory markers (p<0.001).

Introduction: Following the COVID-19 lockdown, the introduction of powered mopeds and scooters into urban mobility in Mongolia, without basic traffic regulatory frameworks such as vehicle classification, participation rules, age limits for riders, or parking regulations may have contributed to an increased risk of pedestrian injuries. Objective: To examine temporal trends in pedestrian injuries in Mongolia and to assess the impact of the emergence of micro mobility, while accounting for COVID-19 lockdowns, using an interrupted time-series analysis. Methods: We conducted an interrupted time-series analysis using national data on pedestrian injuries in Mongolia from January 2016 to December 2024. Monthly pedestrian injury rates per 10,000 population were calculated and stratified by age groups, regressing it on the number of months after January 2016 (the beginning of the study), after November 2020 (the lockdowns started), after May 2021 (the lockdown lifted and new mode of urban transportation started to release). Results: During the 9-year study period, there were 41,063 pedestrians, of whom 51.5% were male. The monthly rate of overall pedestrian injury started to decrease after the COVID-19 lockdowns possibly due to reduced traffic activity. However, following the lifting of restrictions, the trend started to increase among the age groups under 10 years (1.8%, 95% CI: 0.8–2.8), 10–19 years (1.6%, 95% CI: 0.3–2.9), 50–59 years (0.6%, 95% CI: 0.1–1.2), and 60–69 years (1.3%, 95% CI: 0.4–2.2). Conclusion The increase in pedestrian injuries suggests that the emergence of micromobility may have contributed to higher injury risk for pedestrians in Mongolia. This highlights the urgent need for change in infrastructure and regulations governing micromobility usage to enhance pedestrian safety.