Background: Relative Dentin Abrasivity (RDA), as set by ISO 11609, is a standardized measurement on the abrasiveness of toothpaste. There are no published RDA values for Philippine-brand toothpastes. This study evaluated the degree of abrasion of five Philippine-brand toothpastes.

Objective: To compare qualitatively and quantitatively the abrasivity of five Philippine-brand toothpastes (Brands X, U, H, HN, G) to two foreign-brand toothpastes Brand C (RDA 68) and Brand P (RDA 150).

Methods: Twenty-four bovine dentin samples were brushed with a slurry of each of the toothpaste using a toothbrushing machine. A profilometer, scanning electron microscope and a visual measuring scope were used to determine abrasivity through the before-and-after-brushing surface roughness.

Results: Ranked based on the difference of the means for surface roughness, before-and-after brushing, in decreasing order of abrasivity are: Brands P, X, U, H, C, HN, and G. Using Dunn's test-post hoc test for Kruskal-Wallis test at p ? 0.05, we showed that the abrasivity of Brands G, H, and HN were not significantly different from Brand C, and Brand X was not significantly different from Brand P. Brand U was significantly less abrasive than Brand P and significantly more abrasive than Brand C.

Conclusion: Brands G, H, and HN can be considered as low-abrasive toothpastes, Brand X a high abrasive toothpaste, and with Brand U was unclear as to category. Findings from qualitative data support the quantitative data.

Dentin ; Toothpastes ; Tooth Abrasion

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of three aesthetic restorative materials on the wear between tooth and restoration by a pin-on-disk manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six aesthetic restorative materials were used to prepare disk specimens for wear test, which were Lava Zirconia as zirconia group, Vintage MP and Cerabien ZR as veneering porcelain group, Gradia Direct microhybrid composite containing prepolymerized fillers, Filtek Z250 microhybrid composite containing zirconia glass and colloidal silica particles, and Filtek Z350 nanocomposite as composite resin group. Vertical loss of the worn cusp, change of the surface roughness of the restoration materials, and the surface topography were investigated after wear test under 9.8-N contact load. RESULTS: The porcelain groups (Vintage MP and Cerabien ZR) caused the largest vertical loss of teeth when compared with those of the composite resin and zirconia groups, and Filtek Z250 microhybrid composite results in the second-largest vertical loss of teeth. The surface of Filtek Z350 nanocomposite was deeply worn out, but visible wear on the surface of the zirconia and Gradia Direct microhybrid composite was not observed. When the zirconia surface was roughened by sand-blasting, vertical loss of teeth considerably increased when compared with that in the case of fine polished zirconia. CONCLUSION: It was identified that microhybrid composite resin containing a prepolymerized filler and zirconia with reduced surface roughness by polishing were the most desirable restorative materials among the tested materials to prevent the two-body wear between aesthetic restorative material and tooth.
Colloids ; Dental Enamel ; Dental Porcelain ; Glass ; In Vitro Techniques ; Nanocomposites ; Silicon Dioxide ; Tooth ; Tooth Abrasion

In the oral cavity, the teeth undergo wear and corrosion throughout their lives. Progressive and constant tooth wear is a natural phenomenon of aging, but wear and corrosion due to specific factors are pathological factors. It can cause pathological damage of the occlusal surface, aesthetic problems, dimensional loss and jaw joint disorders. This case is a 26-year-old female patient with general tooth abrasion and erosion on the entire dentition. Diagnostic wax-up was fabricated based on the information including digital facial analysis, physiological stabilization, and evaluation of anterior crown length. Through the digital analysis, the necessary guides for crown lengthening were prepared and the mastication function and esthetics were evaluated by using temporary crowns. Definitive prosthesis was fabricated with the zirconia restorations. The results were satisfactory when they were observed 3 months of follow-up.
Adult ; Aging ; Corrosion ; Crown Lengthening ; Crowns ; Dentition ; Esthetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jaw ; Joints ; Mastication ; Mouth Rehabilitation ; Mouth ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth Abrasion ; Tooth Erosion ; Tooth Wear ; Tooth

To improve the oral health status of Korean people, it is necessary to encourage proper oral hygiene management habits, such as toothbrushing, through appropriate health promotion techniques. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the removal of plaque and tooth abrasion using ultra-soft (filament 0.11~0.12 mm) and soft toothbrushes for toothbrushing. The plaque removal was performed using a dentiform and Arti-spray, and the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) index was calculated as the sum total score divided by the total number of surfaces. In the abrasivity experiment, according to the number of brushings, a micro Vickers hardness tester was used, and a sample in the range of 280~380 Vickers hardness number was selected. The number of toothbrushing stroke were 1,800 (2 months), 5,400 (6 months), 10,800 (12 months), and 21,600 (24 months). The tooth abrasion was measured using a scanning electron microscope. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 and a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. According to the results, there was no statistically significant difference in the degree of plaque removal between ultra-soft and soft toothbrushes. The difference in tooth abrasion between before and after toothbrushing was found to be greater with the soft toothbrushes than with the ultra-soft toothbrushes. Therefore, the ultra-soft toothbrush not only lowers tooth damage by reducing tooth abrasion, but also shows a similar ability to remove plaque as soft toothbrushes.
Dental Plaque ; Hardness ; Hardness Tests ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Oral Health ; Oral Hygiene ; Stroke ; Tooth Abrasion* ; Tooth* ; Toothbrushing

Many of the patients with extensive abrasion need comprehensive restorative treatment. The abrasion is usually caused by attrition, besides of it, there are many reasons for it. The plan of treatment should be started on assessment of the type of attrition and the etiologic analysis. Patient with well-developed masticatory muscle, alveolar process, and high occlusal force and also with little muscle length difference between the stable and the contracted state should be carefully assessed for the vertical dimensional loss and the restoration should be carefully designed. Decrease of tooth length can be compensated by the growth of the alveolar bone height; therefore, consistency of the occlusal vertical dimension is maintained. Accordingly, a careless increase of the vertical dimension can produce muscle fatigue, depressed tooth and pain, and fracture of the restoration. In this case, the patient with multiple tooth abrasion and clenching habit, the edentulous maxillary area is restored with amalgam inserted RPD, and the dentulous area of the maxilla and mandible are treated with fixed restoration accompanying with the increase of vertical dimension. Consequently, we are going to report about the satisfying result in both functional and esthetic aspects.
Alveolar Process ; Bite Force ; Contracts ; Humans ; Mandible ; Masticatory Muscles ; Maxilla ; Mouth ; Mouth Rehabilitation ; Muscle Fatigue ; Muscles ; Tooth ; Tooth Abrasion ; Vertical Dimension

This study aims to introduce the method that can relieve vibrating forces to oral environment by making an embouchure aid. Thin plastic crown forms were fabricated to prevent tooth abrasion and irritation to lip mucosa for the saxophone player. After application to the player, the most comfort form was chosen and delivered to 3 professional saxophone players. After 5 mon, the players responded to the survey. This embouchure aid did not disturb playing and gave comfort to lower lip. In general, the players preferred thin soft type and thought it caused little effect on sound. Far too little attention has been paid to the problems encountered by single-reed wind instrumentalist who suffer from tooth abrasion and irritation to lip mucosa. The embouchure aid not only prevent tooth damage but also diminish the discomfort of tight embouchure.
Crowns ; Lip ; Mucous Membrane ; Plastics ; Tooth ; Tooth Abrasion ; Wind

PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to show three cases treated by an intergrated periodontal and restorative dentistry approach. METHODS: Three patients with Miller Class I gingiva recessions associated with cervical lesions were enrolled for treatment. Two patients received a connective tissue graft and resin modified glass ionomer, and one patient was treated with a connective tissue graft, resin restoration. Keratinized gingiva and relative gingival recession were measured. RESULTS: The mean reduction of relative gingival recession was 3.7 mm, and the mean keratinized gingiva increase was 2.5 mm. The percentage of root coverage was 80% in average. No signs of gingival inflammation or bleeding on probing were seen. The patients were satisfied with the final esthetics and had no more dentin hypersensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: This report indicates that teeth with Miller Class I gingival recession associated with cervical lesions can be successfully treated by a connective tissue graft combined with restorative dentistry. However, longitudinal randomized controlled clinical trials must be performed to support this approach.
Acrylic Resins ; Connective Tissue ; Dentin Sensitivity ; Dentistry ; Esthetics ; Gingiva ; Gingival Recession ; Glass ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Keratins ; Silicon Dioxide ; Tooth ; Tooth Abrasion ; Transplants

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between wedge-shaped defects and occlusal interference.

METHODSFollowing examination from 46 patients, a total of 157 teeth were identified to have the criteria set for wedge-shaped defects and regarded as the experiment group. Also, 157 adjacent teeth exhibiting no such noncarious cervical lesions were randomly selected from the same group of patients and regarded as the control group. The distribution of occlusal force and time were examined with T-Scan II system in 46 patients with wedge-shaped defects in intercuspal occlusion position, protrusive movement and lateral movement. Occlusal interference and premature contact were evaluated and compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe proportion of the teeth with premature contact in experiment group was 6.37%, while the control group was 2.55%, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The total proportion with occlusal interferences in experiment group was 23.57%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (10.19%, P < 0.05), in experiment group the proportion with working side interferences was 15.92%, and in control group, the proportion was 3.82%, there was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). At the same time, the teeth with occlusal interferences had more serious degree of the wedge-shape defects than those with no occlusal interference.

CONCLUSIONThe increased occlusal force has relation to the formation as well as severity of wedge-shaped defects.

Bicuspid ; Bite Force ; Dental Occlusion ; Humans ; Male ; Tooth Abrasion

OBJECTIVEThis in vitro study was to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (microTBS) of three adhesives to sclerotic dentin in non-carious cervical lesions.

METHODSThe maxillary premolars extracted due to periodontitis and with non-carious cervical lesions were collected. The non-carious, natural cervical sclerotic lesions were bonded with a total-etching adhesive Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, a two-step self-etching adhesive Contax, and an all-in-one self-etching adhesive Adper Prompt L-Pop. Artificially prepared wedge-shaped lesions were also made in sound premolars and bonded with the same adhesives as the controls. MicroTBS of these three adhesives was measured.

RESULTSMicroTBS of Scotchbond and Contax to sclerotic dentin was significantly lower than to normal dentin. But microTBS of Adper Prompt L-Pop to normal dentin was significantly lower than to sclerotic dentin. MicroTBS to sclerotic dentin was Scotchbond 46.805 MPa, Adper Prompt L-Pop 39.045 MPa, and Contax 29.852 MPa.

CONCLUSIONSIn sclerotic dentin the microTBS was decreased because of the inferior micro-morphology of resin tags. Adhesives with low pH value might bond to sclerotic dentin effectively.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ; pharmacology ; Composite Resins ; pharmacology ; Dental Cements ; pharmacology ; Dentin ; drug effects ; physiology ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Organophosphates ; pharmacology ; Resin Cements ; pharmacology ; Tensile Strength ; drug effects ; Tooth Abrasion ; therapy ; Tooth Cervix ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo perform the quantitative study of tooth occlusal surface wear by a noncontact 3D image survey system.

METHODSThirty-two old people's complete dental casts in five years which had normal occlusion were studied. The same way was used to determine the individual reference surface, and the range of the maxillary first molar occlusal surface was delimited by the unite regulation. Then the quantity of wear in five years and wear rate of maxillary first molar occlusal surface were measured by the noncontact 3D image survey system.

RESULTSWear of maxillary first molar occlusal surfaces was as follows: the mean height loss was 0.293 mm in five years and the mean wear rate was 0.059 mm/year; the mean volume loss was 97.881 mm(3) in five years and the mean wear rate was 19.576 mm(3)/year.

CONCLUSIONSUnder the necessary conditions, the noncontact 3D image survey system is an effective method to measure the wear of dental occlusal surface, but some set-up conditions need to be improved further.

Adult ; Dental Models ; Dental Occlusion ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tooth Abrasion