Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole in treating acute schizophrenia.Methods Patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group was given brexpiprozole 2-4 mg·d-1 orally and the control group was given aripiprazole 10-20 mg·d-1orally,both were treated for 6 weeks.Clinical efficacy of the two groups,the response rate at endpoint,the changes from baseline to endpoint of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),Clinical Global Impression-Improvement(CGI-S),Personal and Social Performance scale(PSP),PANSS Positive syndrome subscale,PANSS negative syndrome subscale were compared.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events in two groups were compared.Results There were 184 patients in treatment group and 186 patients in control group.After treatment,the response rates of treatment group and control group were 79.50％(140 cases/184 cases)and 82.40％(150 cases/186 cases),the scores of CGI-I of treatment group and control group were(2.00±1.20)and(1.90±1.01),with no significant difference(all P＞0.05).From baseline to Week 6,the mean change of PANSS total score wese(-30.70±16.96)points in treatment group and(-32.20±17.00)points in control group,with no significant difference(P＞0.05).The changes of CGI-S scores in treatment group and control group were(-2.00±1.27)and(-1.90±1.22)points,PSP scores were(18.80±14.77)and(19.20±14.55)points,PANSS positive syndrome scores were(-10.30±5.93)and(-10.80±5.81)points,PANSS negative syndrome scores were(-6.80±5.98)and(-7.30±5.15)points,with no significant difference(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of treatment-related adverse events between the two group(69.00％vs.64.50％,P＞0.05).Conclusion The non-inferiority of Brexpiprazole to aripiprazole was established,with comparable efficacy and acceptability.

Puerarin was conjugated with bovine serum albumin(BSA) and ovalbumin(OVA) by periodate oxidation to serve as the immunogen and coating antigen, respectively. BALB/c mice were immunized with puerarin-BSA according to the routine immunization procedure, and the titer and specificity of serum were detected after three immunization. After booster immunization, mouse spleen lymphocytes were fused with mouse myeloma cells, and 24 hybridoma cell lines of the monoclonal antibodies against puerarin were screened by monoclonal antibody screening technique. Ascites was prepared and purified. The cross-reactivity of monoclonal antibody(mAb) M1 with 4'-methoxy puerarin, daidzin, puerarin-6″-O-xyloside, daidzein, mirificin, 3'-methoxy puerarin, and 3'-hydroxy puerarin was 239.84%, 112.18%, 67.89%, 58.28%, 22.37%, 0.40%, and 0.20%, respectively, and those with other analogs such as baicalein and baicalin were all less than 0.10%. The IC_(50) and the working range of the indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(icELISA) for puerarin were 44.80 ng·mL~(-1) and 8.20-292.30 ng·mL~(-1), respectively. The average recovery was 91.95%-98.20% with an RSD in the range of 0.70%-2.60%. The content of puerarin in different Puerariae Lobatae Radix samples was determined with icELISA and validated by UPLC-MS. The correlation between data obtained from icELISA and UPLC-MS was 0.999 0, indicating that icELISA is suitable for the rapid detection of puerarin in Puerariae Lobatae Radix samples.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods* ; Hybridomas/metabolism* ; Isoflavones ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective:To explore the influence of intensive analgesia on the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in acute trauma patients, and to develop new ideas for the prevention and treatment of PTSD.Methods:From January 2018 to November 2019, a prospective study was conducted on trauma patients who visited the Emergency Center of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and met the enrollment criteria. The patients were divided into the intensive analgesia group (< 4) and non-intensive analgesia group (≥ 4) according to the mean pain score in 30 days. The epidemiological data, trauma-related parameters, analgesic schemes, VAS score, PCL-5 score, HADS score and incidence of PTSD of enrolled patients were collected. Appropriate statistical methods were used to analyze differences among the indicators between the two groups.Results:Eighty-four acute trauma cases were included in the study, 39 cases in the intensive analgesia group and 45 in the non-intensive analgesia group. There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (all P>0.05). The incidence rate of PTSD and PCL-5 score of patients in the intensive analgesia group were all significantly lower than those in the non-intensive analgesia group in 1 month after the trauma (all P< 0.05). The HADS anxiety and depression scores of patients in the intensive analgesic group were significantly lower than those in the non-intensive analgesic group (all P< 0.05). All the analgesics were converted into the dosage of dezocine for comparison. The total dosage of analgesics (dezocine) used in patients of the intensive analgesia group was significantly higher than that in the non-intensive analgesia group within 30 days after injury ( P< 0.05). Conclusion:In the acute trauma patients, intensive analgesia after trauma can significantly reduce the incidence of PTSD as well as improve anxiety and depression symptoms.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the changes in inflammatory markers levels and the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the early stage of acute trauma..Methods:From January 2018 to June 2020, patients with acute trauma who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected as subjects. Peripheral venous blood was collected on admission, on the 3rd and 7th day after trauma for routine blood test, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT). The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was calculated. The PCL-5 scale was used to evaluate PTSD symptoms one month later. The patients were divided into the PTSD group and non-PTSD group with the score of 38 as the boundary. The change rule of NLR in the PTSD group and the non-PTSD group were analyzed.Results:Ninety-one trauma patients were enrolled, including 23 patients in the PTSD group and 68 patients in the non-PTSD group. Compared with the healthy control group, the NLR of 91 trauma patients on admission, on the 3rd and 7th day were significantly higher (all P< 0.01). The NLR of the PTSD group was increased on the 7th day after trauma, which was significantly higher than that of the non-PTSD group ( P= 0.025). The non-PTSD group showed a decreasing trend, of which NLR on the 7th day was significantly lower than that on admission ( P= 0.001). In addition, high level of NLR on the 7th day after trauma (β= 0.206, P= 0.01) was a risk factor for PTSD onset. Conclusions:Dynamic monitoring of the changes in NLR after acute trauma would be of great clinical value to early warning of PTSD.

Rhizome rot disease is one of the main disease of planted Polygonatum kingianum. In this study, six strains of pathogenic fungus was isolated from P. kingianum samples with rhizome rot disease collected from six counties in Yunnan province. Its pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculation to healthy P. kingianum rhizome according to Koch's postulates. The colonies of the isolated fungi on potato dextrose agar(PDA) were orange with abundant crescentic conidia which were eseptate with a mean size of 19. 3-24. 9 μm×5. 2-5. 9 μm and a L/W ratio of 3. 4-4. 5. There was an oil ball in the center of the conidium. It's easy to see setae on PDA colony.The phylogenetic tree based on ITS, GAPDH, CHS-1, HIS3, ACT, and TUB2 sequences by maximum likelihood(ML) method indicated that the pathogenic fungus for P. kingianum rhizome rot disease was clustered into the clade of Colletotrichum spaethianum species complex, and was close to C. spaethianum. However, there were some differences in morphological and genetic characteristics between the pathogenic fungus and C. spaethianum. Therefore, the pathogenic fungus for rhizome rot disease of P. kingianum was identified as a new Colletotrichum species named C. kingianum. The disease spreads primarily due to the plantation of infected seedlings of P. kingianum. It is necessary to choose healthy seedlings and take rigorous disinfection measures for the disease prevention.
China ; Colletotrichum/genetics* ; Phylogeny ; Polygonatum ; Rhizome

Objective:To investigate the effect of post-traumatic pain on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Methods:A prospective trial was conducted with the recruitment of patients referred to the Emergency Center of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University for acute trauma from January 2018 to June 2019, with the exclusion criteria: age < 18 years, severe eye injury, severe craniocerebral injury and other critical conditions. The clinical data and written informed consent were collected at admission, the post-traumatic pain was assessed by VAS scores and the trauma severity was assessed by ISS score. APACHEⅡ score were evaluated within 24 h after admission. One month after trauma, patients with history of mental illness, or history of major psychogenic trauma within one year or drug addiction were further excluded. Accordingly, 64 eligible patients were evaluated by VAS, and the PCL-5 scale was used to evaluated their PTSD symptoms. The patients were divided into the PTSD group and non-PTSD group according to PCL-5 score≥ 38, and the difference between the two groups in post-traumatic VAS scores was compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of PTSD. Spearman correlation analysis was adopted to establish the correlation between VAS score at admission and PCL-5 score at one month after trauma. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of traumatic pain intensity for PTSD onset.Results:Sixty-four patients were selected and defined as the PTSD group ( n=19) and non-PTSD group ( n=45). The VAS score at admission was significantly higher in the PTSD group than that in the non-PTSD group ( P=0.006). There was no significant difference in VAS scores and VAS variations at 1 month, and in ISS scores at admission and APACHEⅡ scores within 24 h after admission between the two groups. Traumatic pain was an independent risk factor for PTSD ( P=0.043). VAS score at admission was positively correlated with PCL-5 score at 1 month post-traumatically ( r=0.355, P=0.004). In addition, ROC curve analysis showed that VAS score > 8 at admission had predictive value for PTSD (sensitivity=100%, specificity=33%, P=0.000 2). Conclusions:Post-traumatic severe pain is an independent risk factor for PTSD, which requires prompt medical intervention.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients with nutcracker syndrome (NCS) who were treated with three-dimensional printing (3DP) extravascular titanium stents (EVTSs). The 3DP EVTS was expected to release the hypertension of the left renal vein (LRV) produced by its compression between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the aorta without causing any complications. Method: The pre-operative kidney model of each patient was printed out to enable surgical planning. After that, the EVTS was designed based on the LRV’s primitive physiologic structure using computer-aided design software, and each stent was printed out with a precision setting of 20 μm. Seventeen patients who had been suffering from NCS underwent laparoscopic 3DP EVTS placement. The surgical procedure was designed for the placement of EVTS, taking great care in positioning and fixing the stent. Surgical data, which included patient demographic characteristics as well as pre- and post-operative test results, were collected and analyzed. Results: The mean duration of surgery was 75 ± 9 min, and the mean blood loss was 20 ± 5 mL. Computed tomography examinations revealed that the pre- and post-operative angle between the SMA and the aorta ranged from 18.7° ± 4.3° to 48.0° ± 8.8° (P < 0.05); in patients with left varicocele, the mean diameter of the left spermatic vein ranged from 3.7 ± 0.5 to 1.3 ± 0.2 mm (P < 0.05). Moreover, Doppler ultrasound examinations showed that the peak velocity of blood flow at the hilar area ranged from 12.4 ± 3.3 to 18.5 ± 3.4 cm/s (P < 0.05). No side effects were observed in the 24 to 42 months following surgery. Conclusion The findings after 2 years of follow-up suggest that the 3DP EVTS is a safe and effective minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of NCS.

BACKGROUND: Morinda officinalis oligosaccharide is the main active ingredient of morinda officinalis extract,which can promote the angiogenesis of ischemic tissue, but the mechanism is unknown. At present, there are two ways for endothelial repair:vascular endothelial cell division or differentiation from vascular endothelial progenitor cells in the peripheral blood. Here, we attempted to explain the pro-angiogenesis mechanism of morinda officinalis oligosaccharide by exploring whether there is a correlation between morinda officinalis oligosaccharide and the biological function of vascular endothelial progenitor cells, thereby providing experimental reference for new drug development. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of morindae officinalis oligosaccharide on the proliferation, differentiation and paracrine of vascular endothelial progenitor cells. METHODS: Vascular endothelial progenitor cells were isolated from healthy human peripheral blood, and divided into two groups: control group (without morindae officinalis oligosaccharide) and experimental group (with 0.15 g/L morindae officinalis oligosaccharide), followed by 48 hours of in vitro culture.The proliferation of vascular endothelial progenitor cells was tested by fluorescent staining;the ratio of vascular endothelial progenitor cells expressing CD31 was detected by flow cytometry; and the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1 and interleukin 8 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The percentage of vascular endothelial cells expressing CD34, CD133 or VEGFR- 2 was (84.72±4.34)%. After 48 hours of culture by 0.15 g/L morindae officinalis oligosaccharide, the proliferation rate and the positive expression of CD31 in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1 and interleukin 8 in the experimental group were also higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). To conclude, morindae officinalis oligosaccharide can promote the proliferation and differentiation of vascular endothelial progenitor cells, and meanwhile, it can stimulate the release of vascular endothelial growth factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1 and interleukin 8 from vascular endothelial progenitor cells through the paracrine pathway. Consequently, it is a potential drug for myocardial ischemic diseases.

Objective: To Evaluate the efficacy and safety of posaconazole as primary prevention of invasive fungal disease (IFD) in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) treated with anti-thymus/lymphocyte immunoglobulin (ATG/ALG) combined with cyclosporine intensive immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 58 SAA patients who received IST of anti-thymocyte immunoglobulin combining cyclosporine and antifungal prophylaxis during April 2013 to May 2017 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital was performed. The patients were divided into posaconazole prophylaxis group and the control group (itraconazole or fluconazole). The disease characteristics, IFD prevention effect and adverse drug reaction, curative effect and prognosis of the two groups were compared. Results: Posaconazole was used to prevent fungal infection in 20 patients. The other 38 patients were used as the control group. Retrospective analysis showed comparable characteristics (gender, age, disease severity, etiology, interval between the onset of disease to treatment, ATG/ALG type) of both groups. The incidence of IFD were 0 and 15.8% in posaconazole prophylaxis group and the control group, respectively (P=0.084). In the control group, there were 6 cases diagnosed as IFD. Of them, 2 were confirmed, 2 suspected and 2 not identified. Five of the 6 cases were pulmonary infection, 1 bloodstream infections. Of the 6 IFD cases, 5 were very severe aplastic anemia (VSAA). There was no obvious adverse reaction in posaconazole prophylaxis group. Conclusion: Posaconazole is safe and effective for primary prevention of fungal infection of SAA patients receiving IST, especially for the VSAA.
Anemia, Aplastic ; Cyclosporine ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Mycoses/prevention & control* ; Primary Prevention ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Triazoles/therapeutic use*