Objective To investigate the pathogenic bacteria and risk factors of urinary tract infection (UTI) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), and construct a prediction model. Methods Elderly patients with T2DM who were admitted to General Hospital of Western Theater Command from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected. They were divided into the observation group (100 cases) and the control group (82 cases) according to the presence or absence of UTI. Pathogenic bacteria was detected, and influencing factors were analyzed. A prediction model was constructed, and its predictive value was evaluated. Results Escherichia coli was the main pathogenic bacteria of UTI in elderly patients with T2DM. There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, 24 h urinary albumin (UALB), serum creatinine (Scr) , blood urea nitrogen (BUN), fasting blood glucose (FBG), gender, complications, course of T2DM , length of hospital stay and serum albumin (ALB) (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis found that advanced age, long course of T2DM, FBG ≥11.1mmol/L and high 24 hUA1b/Scr level were risk factors for UTI in elderly patients with T2DM, and high ALB level was a protective factor. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the constructed model to predict UTI in patients with T2DM was 0.978. The sensitivity and specificity were 91.00% and 97.56%. Conclusion Escherichia coli are main pathogenic bacteria of UTI in elderly patients with T2DM. UTI is related to factors such as patient age, course of T2DM and FBG. The prediction model constructed based on these factors is of high value in predicting UTI in elderly patients with T2DM. It is worthy of promotion in diagnosis and treatment.

On June 16, 2023, National Disease Control and Prevention Administration of the People’s Republic of China, in collaboration with other ministries, formulated and issued the Action Plan to Accelerate the Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (2023—2030). The implementation of this plan provides an important basis for achieving the targets set in the “Healthy China 2030” action plan and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. This paper describes the background, principles, targets, control strategies, safeguard measures and effectiveness evaluation of the plan, in order to guide the scientific and standardized implementation of actions for schistosomiasis elimination at the grassroots level, and facilitate the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis in China with a high quality.

Objective: To investigate the daily learning time status of elementary school students and understand the implementation of Health Requirements of Daily Learning Time for Secondary and Elementary School Students (GB/T 17223-2012) in schools, so as to provide a reference for strengthening and improving school health and health education in the new era. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 7 776 primary school students in Shandong Province, and a survey questionnaire was designed based on the Health Requirements for Dayily Learning Time for Secondary and Elementary School Students(GB/T 17223-2012) standard to investigate their daily learning arrangements, sleep and physical activities, and breaks between classes. Comparison of intergroup differences were used by Chi square test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: About 55.88 % of primary school students for daily learning time met the standard. There was a statistically significant difference in the daily learning time achievement rate among primary school students in three grades for first and second grade, third and fourth grade and fifth and sixth grade ( Z=1 629.47, P <0.01), and the fifth and sixth grade had the highest proportion of achieving the standard (85.92%). Specifically, the proportions of students whose class hours, class numbers and morning reading time meeting the standards were 30.07%, 10.20% and 42.19%, respectively. The sleep deficiency rate of primary school studnets was 58.69%, and the physical activity deficiency rate was 65.78%; and there was a statistically significant difference in the rate of insufficient sleep time and physical activity time among primary school students of different grades ( χ 2=56.39, 95.95, P <0.01), with sixth grade students showing the highest rates for both sleep and physical activity deficiencies (64.35%, 73.37%). Additionally, 49.78% of students had recess time below the standard requirements. Conclusion The health status of daily learning time among primary school students in Shandong Province is poor, with insufficient implementation of school standards, and the implementation of standards needs to be further strengthened.

Objective: To understand the implementation of daily study time standard among secondary school students in Shandong Province, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies. Methods: From January to May 2023, a multi stage random sampling method was used to select 8 725 middle school students in Shandong Province. A survey questionnaire was designed based on the Requirements for Daily Study Time of Primary and Secondary School Students(GB/T 17223-2012), to investigate indicators such as students daily learning schedule, sleep and physical activity time, break time and scheduling requirements. Results: The compliance rates for daily study time in junior and senior high school students in Shandong Province were 29.2% and 23.6%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=33.63, P <0.01). Compliance rates for sleep duration, physical activity and recess time, morning and afternoon class hours, and class duration were 19.3%, 26.2%, 30.5%, 73.2% and 16.2%. Class duration compliance was relatively high, with rates of 96.7% in junior high and 94.4% in senior high school students. There was a statistically significant difference in compliance rates for extended class breaks between different educational stages ( χ 2= 81.78, P <0.01), with rates of 84.6% in junior high and 83.4% in senior high school students. As students progressed through their educational stages, compliance rates for physical activities, class breaks, consecutive classes, and total weekly class hours showed a decreasing trend, with rates of 31.8% and 18.3%, 35.7% and 23.1%, 60.5% and 29.6%, 55.2% and 35.1% in junior and senior high school students, respectively. Conclusions The revised standard of Requirements for Daily Study Time of Primary and Secondary School Students(GB/T 17223-2012) optimizes the daily study and life schedule of middle school students to a certain extent. However, daily study time for middle school students in Shandong Province exceeds standard. Relevant departments need to enhance their ability to implement standards and strengthen the supervision of policy standards implementation.

This study utilized a chiral liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-guided isolation strategy to accurately capture angular-type pyranocoumarins (APs) in Peucedani Radix (Chinese name: Qianhu). Sixteen APs were successfully purified from the ethyl acetate extract of Peucedani Radix through deploying various techniques such as silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and achiral (chiral) semi-preparative liquid chromatography. After extensive structural measurements, such as ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, their structures were identified as (3′S)-3′-(2-methyl-butyroyl)-4′-oxo-3′,4′-dihydroseselin (1A), (3′R)-3′-(2-methyl-butyroyl)-4′-oxo-3′,4′-dihydroseselin (1B), (3′S)-3′-isovaleryl-4′-oxo-lomatin (2A), (3′R)-3′-isovaleryl-4′-oxo-lomatin (2B), (3′S)-3′-angeloyloxy-4′-oxo-3′,4′-dihydroseselin (3A), (3′R)-3′-angeloyloxy-4′-oxo-3′,4′-dihydroseselin (3B), (3′S,4′S)-praeruptorin B (4A), (3′R,4′R)-praeruptorin B (4B), (3′S,4′S)-praeruptorin E (5A), (3′R,4′R)-praeruptorin E (5B), 3′-isovaleryl-4′-angeloyl-cis-khellactone (6), 3′-angeloyl-4′-(2-methyl-butyroyl)-cis-khellactone (7), (3′S,4′S)-praeruptorin A (8A), (3′R,4′R)-praeruptorin A (8B), (3′S,4′S)-khellactone (9A), and (3′R,4′R)-khellactone (9B), respectively. Thereof, compounds 1A and 1B were new compounds, while compound 2A represents a new configuration for a known planar structure. Compounds 2A and 2B were isolated for the first time from Peucedani Radix. Above all, chiral LC-MS-guided isolation strategy is advantageous at rapid capturing new compounds from herbal medicines, providing an effective means for the separation of novel structures, especially new enantiomers.

Objective A typical case survey and elemental analysis of the implementation of Antimicrobial Steward-ship(AMS)in a medical institution in Shanghai,summarize the excellent experience of AMS in practice,and pro-vide a reference for the further promotion and implementation of AMS in the future.Methods Through purposive sam-pling,7 typical hospitals in Shanghai were selected as sampling hospitals,and key informed persons of AMS were invited to conduct semi-structured interviews.Based on the core elements of AMS theory,it conducted subject analysis to summarize the implementation and excellent practical experience of AMS in hospitals.Results The sample hospitals are excellent in the AMS elements of leadership and accountability,but need to be further strengthened in training,tracking and reporting.On the basis of routine bundle of interventions,some hospitals actively explored and expanded AMS actions according to their own disciplinary advantages.Combined with a series of internal and ex-ternal control measures,AMS strategy with the characteristics of hospitals has been formed,and the related indica-tors of antibiotics in hospitals have been improved.Conclusion In the follow-up process of AMS,hospitals can draw on excellent experience,carry out the appropriate AMS strategy on the basis of consolidating their own governance structure and routine interventions.Besides,relevant departments should increase investment in AMS information systems and human resources in hospitals to ensure the implementation of AMS.

Objective A typical case survey and elemental analysis of the implementation of Antimicrobial Steward-ship(AMS)in a medical institution in Shanghai,summarize the excellent experience of AMS in practice,and pro-vide a reference for the further promotion and implementation of AMS in the future.Methods Through purposive sam-pling,7 typical hospitals in Shanghai were selected as sampling hospitals,and key informed persons of AMS were invited to conduct semi-structured interviews.Based on the core elements of AMS theory,it conducted subject analysis to summarize the implementation and excellent practical experience of AMS in hospitals.Results The sample hospitals are excellent in the AMS elements of leadership and accountability,but need to be further strengthened in training,tracking and reporting.On the basis of routine bundle of interventions,some hospitals actively explored and expanded AMS actions according to their own disciplinary advantages.Combined with a series of internal and ex-ternal control measures,AMS strategy with the characteristics of hospitals has been formed,and the related indica-tors of antibiotics in hospitals have been improved.Conclusion In the follow-up process of AMS,hospitals can draw on excellent experience,carry out the appropriate AMS strategy on the basis of consolidating their own governance structure and routine interventions.Besides,relevant departments should increase investment in AMS information systems and human resources in hospitals to ensure the implementation of AMS.

Objective A typical case survey and elemental analysis of the implementation of Antimicrobial Steward-ship(AMS)in a medical institution in Shanghai,summarize the excellent experience of AMS in practice,and pro-vide a reference for the further promotion and implementation of AMS in the future.Methods Through purposive sam-pling,7 typical hospitals in Shanghai were selected as sampling hospitals,and key informed persons of AMS were invited to conduct semi-structured interviews.Based on the core elements of AMS theory,it conducted subject analysis to summarize the implementation and excellent practical experience of AMS in hospitals.Results The sample hospitals are excellent in the AMS elements of leadership and accountability,but need to be further strengthened in training,tracking and reporting.On the basis of routine bundle of interventions,some hospitals actively explored and expanded AMS actions according to their own disciplinary advantages.Combined with a series of internal and ex-ternal control measures,AMS strategy with the characteristics of hospitals has been formed,and the related indica-tors of antibiotics in hospitals have been improved.Conclusion In the follow-up process of AMS,hospitals can draw on excellent experience,carry out the appropriate AMS strategy on the basis of consolidating their own governance structure and routine interventions.Besides,relevant departments should increase investment in AMS information systems and human resources in hospitals to ensure the implementation of AMS.

Objective A typical case survey and elemental analysis of the implementation of Antimicrobial Steward-ship(AMS)in a medical institution in Shanghai,summarize the excellent experience of AMS in practice,and pro-vide a reference for the further promotion and implementation of AMS in the future.Methods Through purposive sam-pling,7 typical hospitals in Shanghai were selected as sampling hospitals,and key informed persons of AMS were invited to conduct semi-structured interviews.Based on the core elements of AMS theory,it conducted subject analysis to summarize the implementation and excellent practical experience of AMS in hospitals.Results The sample hospitals are excellent in the AMS elements of leadership and accountability,but need to be further strengthened in training,tracking and reporting.On the basis of routine bundle of interventions,some hospitals actively explored and expanded AMS actions according to their own disciplinary advantages.Combined with a series of internal and ex-ternal control measures,AMS strategy with the characteristics of hospitals has been formed,and the related indica-tors of antibiotics in hospitals have been improved.Conclusion In the follow-up process of AMS,hospitals can draw on excellent experience,carry out the appropriate AMS strategy on the basis of consolidating their own governance structure and routine interventions.Besides,relevant departments should increase investment in AMS information systems and human resources in hospitals to ensure the implementation of AMS.

Objective A typical case survey and elemental analysis of the implementation of Antimicrobial Steward-ship(AMS)in a medical institution in Shanghai,summarize the excellent experience of AMS in practice,and pro-vide a reference for the further promotion and implementation of AMS in the future.Methods Through purposive sam-pling,7 typical hospitals in Shanghai were selected as sampling hospitals,and key informed persons of AMS were invited to conduct semi-structured interviews.Based on the core elements of AMS theory,it conducted subject analysis to summarize the implementation and excellent practical experience of AMS in hospitals.Results The sample hospitals are excellent in the AMS elements of leadership and accountability,but need to be further strengthened in training,tracking and reporting.On the basis of routine bundle of interventions,some hospitals actively explored and expanded AMS actions according to their own disciplinary advantages.Combined with a series of internal and ex-ternal control measures,AMS strategy with the characteristics of hospitals has been formed,and the related indica-tors of antibiotics in hospitals have been improved.Conclusion In the follow-up process of AMS,hospitals can draw on excellent experience,carry out the appropriate AMS strategy on the basis of consolidating their own governance structure and routine interventions.Besides,relevant departments should increase investment in AMS information systems and human resources in hospitals to ensure the implementation of AMS.