Objective: Exploring the neuropsychological developmental characteristics and influencing factors of children with speech disorder. Methods: A case-control study was conducted. A total of 395 children diagnosed with speech disorders were selected as speech sound disorder (SSD) group from January 2019 to September 2021 in the speech-speech outpatient department of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, and 1 179 healthy children who underwent physical examination in the health department during the same period were selected as the control group. All the children were examined by the "Children's Neuropsychological Behavior Scale 2016 Edition" (Children's Mind Scale 2016 edition). Independent sample t test was used to compare the developmental levels of the two groups of children, including total developmental quotient, gross motor, fine motor, adaptive ability, language and social behavior ability. The influential factors of children's speech disorders were analyzed by univariate Chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: There were 395 SSD children, including 296 males and 99 females, 4≤ age ≤6, (4.71±0.76) years. There were 1 179 children in the control group, including 864 males and 315 females, 4≤ age ≤6, (4.64±0.78) years. The mean value of total developmental factors in SSD group was lower than that in control group [(86.45±11.57)/(91.24±8.0), t=-7.78, P<0.01], and the mean values of total developmental markers in both boys and girls in SSD group were lower than those in control group [(86.00±11.40)/(90.78±7.86), t=-6.70, P<0.01; (87.82±12.03)/(92.87±8.49), t=-3.88, P<0.01]. The mean values of gross motor, fine motor, adaptive ability, language ability and social behavior in SSD group were lower than those in control group [(89.76±12.47)/(92.01±10.69), t=-3.21, P<0.01; (80.62±13.64)/(84.49±11.55), t=-5.06, P<0.01; (87.92±15.25)/(92.98±12.06), t=-6.00, P<0.01; (86.48±16.30)/(94.55±12.08), t=-9.04, P<0.01; (87.02±15.18)/(92.63±12.57), t=-6.62, P<0.01]; The mean value of fine motor in boys was lower than that in girls in SSD group [(79.80±13.42)/(83.08±14.05), t=-2.08, P<0.05]. Independent mealtimes. 2 years old (OR=1.527, 95%CI: 1.180-1.977, P=0.001), delay in adding supplemental food (OR=1.510, 95%CI: 1.123-2.029, P=0.006), dialect in the home language environment (OR=1.351, 95%CI: 1.060-1.723, P=0.015) were risk factors for children with speech disorders. Conclusion: Children with speech disorders are more common in boys. The overall development level of SSD children is lower than that of normal children, and the fine motor of SSD boys is lower than that of girls. The incidence of children's speech disorders is related to the addition time of supplementary food, independent meal time and family language environment.
Male ; Female ; Child ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Speech Sound Disorder/diagnosis* ; Case-Control Studies ; Speech Disorders ; Cognition

The incidence of single-sided deafness（SSD） is increasing year by year. Due to the hearing defects of one ear, the ability of sound localization, speech recognition in noise, and quality of life of patients with single-sided deafness will be affected to varying degrees. This article reviews the intervention effects of different types of bone conduction hearing aids in patients with single-sided deafness and asymmetric hearing loss, and the differences of intervention effects between bone conduction hearing aids, contralateral routing of signal（CROS） aids, and cochlea implant（CI）, to provide a reference for the auditory intervention and clinical treatment of single-sided deafness and asymmetric hearing loss.
Humans ; Quality of Life ; Bone Conduction ; Hearing Loss, Unilateral/therapy* ; Speech Perception ; Hearing Aids ; Hearing Loss ; Sound Localization ; Deafness ; Treatment Outcome

The ossicular replacement prosthesis should have good biocompatibility, stability, easy to install, and excellent sound transmission capacity. In this study, the characteristics of ideal materials for the ossicular replacement prosthesis were analyzed by searching the types of materials used in clinical practice and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various materials and structures. At the same time, in combination with the current evaluation requirements and evaluation experience, the focus of the performance research project of ossicular replacement prosthesis in the process of registration is discussed to clarify the performance evaluation requirements of these products, so as to provide reference for the future work of manufacturers and regulators. The performance evaluation of ossicular replacement prosthesis focuses on its mechanical properties, fixation stability, sound transmission characteristics, biological characteristics, and magnetic resonance compatibility.
Ossicular Prosthesis ; Ossicular Replacement ; Sound ; Prosthesis Design ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To measure the levels of environmental noise in the medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit, and adult ward of the Makati Medical Center for the morning, afternoon, and evening shifts, on weekdays and weekends, and to compare noise levels across shifts, and between weekdays and weekends. Methods: Design: Environmental Noise Survey. Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital. Participants: None. Results: The overall mean environment noise levels in all the areas surveyed (medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit and adult ward) exceeded World Health Organization recommendations by more than 20 dB across different working shifts on both weekdays and weekends. There was no significant difference in noise levels between weekdays and weekends across shifts in all areas, except for the afternoon shift in the Medical ICU. Using Repeated Measures ANOVA, results showed that there is no sufficient evidence to conclude that at least one shift has significantly different mean noise level in any of the 3 areas (MICU: F(2)=4.73, p-value=.1124; SICU: F(2)=7.91, p-value=.0540; WARD: F(2)=2.73, p-value=.1948) Conclusion The overall environmental noise levels in the different areas of MICU, SICU and Adult ward exceeded the WHO recommendation. It is recommended that a change in strategy is needed for prevention of environmental noise, setting guidelines and policies to assure quality health care and noise control. Further investigations to ascertain exact sources may give rise to feasible solutions.
Noise ; Hospitals ; Sound ; Intensive Care Units

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the understanding of speech sound disorder (SSD) among child health practitioners. METHODS: The clinical data of 506 children with an initial diagnosis of SSD from January 2017 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 506 SSD children, 90.5% had a description of developmental behavior in their medical records; 97.6% received a developmental-behavioral evaluation, mostly intellectual and developmental screening tests, which were given to 95.8% (485/506) of the total children. A total of 116 (22.9%) children also had neurodevelopmental disorders, commonly presenting with language disorder, global developmental delay, and intellectual disability; however, 53 (45.7%) of the 116 children had no history records of such abnormal developmental behavior. The incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders was significantly higher in the children with abnormal hearing reported by their families than in the children with normal hearing reported by their families (P<0.001). The children with abnormal response to sound stimulation on physical examination had significantly more frequent neurodevelopmental disorders than those with normal response to sound stimulation (P<0.05). Among the 506 children with SSD, hearing condition was ignored in 33.2% in history records, and in 31.2% on physical examination. Ninety-two children (18.2%) completed the diagnostic hearing test, 12% (11/92) of whom were diagnosed with hearing loss. Of the 11 children with hearing loss, three had passed a hearing screening, three had family-reported normal hearing, and seven had normal response to sound stimulation on physical examination. CONCLUSIONS SSD is frequently comorbid with neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Children's communication performance is a key to the diagnosis of neurodevelop-mental disorders. It's necessary to the diagnosis of SSD to perform a medical history collection about neuropsychological development and a developmental-behavior evaluation. There is a high proportion of children with SSD receiving the developmental-behavioral evaluation, suggesting that child health practitioners pay close attention to the neuropsychological development of SSD children, but mostly, the evaluation merely involves intellectual developmental screening tests. The detection rate of hearing loss in children with SSD is high. However, child health practitioners underestimate this problem, and have an insufficient understanding of the importance of the diagnostic hearing test. The diagnostic hearing test should be the preferred recommendation for assessing hearing ability rather than past hearing screening results or children's response to sound stimulation in life scenes.
Child ; Child Health ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Speech Sound Disorder

Bowel sounds are one of the important physiological signals of the body,and different bowel sounds can reflect different gastrointestinal states.In this paper,long time bowel sound data is obtained with wearable full belly bowel sound recorder which is independent designed.After adaptive noise cancellation and wavelet threshold denoising,voice endpoint detection method based on short-time energy is used to identify effective bowel sounds.Experiments and results show that the sound recorder is simple and reliable.Through processing,analysis and endpoint detection algorithm,the recognition accuracy of effective bowel sounds is high,which has certain clinical practicality and research significance.
Abdomen ; Algorithms ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Sound

No abstract available.
Hearing Loss, Conductive ; Sound Localization

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Many studies have reported no benefit of sound localization, but improved speech understanding in noise after treating patients with single-sided deafness (SSD). Furthermore, their performances provided a large individual difference. The present study aimed to measure the ability of speech perception and gap detection in noise for the SSD patients to better understand their hearing nature.
Deafness ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Conductive ; Humans ; Individuality ; Noise ; Plastics ; Sample Size ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Silver Sulfadiazine ; Sound Localization ; Speech Perception ; Young Adult

Infrasound widely exists in nature, our living condition, productive and traffic environment. Gastrointestinal tract is relatively sensitive to infrasound. However, the effect of infrasound on gastrointestinal function is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to observe the effects of infrasound on gastric motility and gastric morphology and to assess the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in gastric antrum after exposure to infrasound of 8 Hz - 130 dB for 2 hours per day for 14 consecutive days. Gastric motility was assessed by gastric fluid-emptying rate. Gastric morphology was evaluated by HE. The expression of NOS was measured by tissue microarray technology. The results would contribute to understand the role of infrasound in gastroenterology, and help to explain the mechanism of infrasound on gastroenterology.
Animals ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Rats ; Sound ; adverse effects ; Stomach

It is acknowledged that implantable bone conduction hearing aids such as a bone anchored hearing aid provide benefit and satisfaction to patients with unilateral hearing loss in terms of sound localization and speech perception under noise circumstances. This review paper introduces current models of the implantable bone conduction hearing aids, their candidacy, brief surgical procedures, and general audiological examinations. A table summary was used for nine published research papers which have very similar results by three points, i.e., no change in ability of sound localization, better performance of Hearing-In-Noise Test, and improved satisfaction of sound quality using questionnaires after the implantation. Unfortunately, systematic fitting strategy for users of the implantable bone conduction hearing aids has not been either studied or developed yet. Futhermore, there is no scientific based approach of reason why the implantation has no benefit in sound localization but still provides better performance for speech perception in noise. In conclusion, specific and effective fitting strategy of the current implantable bone conduction hearing aids should be developed and also support effect of the implantation with sensitivity and specificity for both clinicians and patients while accompanying their advanced technology.
Bone Conduction ; Hearing Aids ; Hearing Loss, Unilateral ; Humans ; Noise ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sound Localization ; Speech Perception ; Suture Anchors