AIM:To investigate the visual quality and stereopsis after the implantation of PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens(TFNT00).METHODS: A prospective clinical study was conducted. A total of 36 cataract patients(50 eyes)who underwent phacoemulsification combined with TFNT00 implantation in Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from November 2022 to April 2024 were selected. They were followed up until 3 mo after the operation. The uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity(UCIVA), uncorrected near visual acuity(UCNVA), objective scatter index(OSI), modulation transfer function cut off(MTF-cut-off), Strehl ratio(SR)and 100%, 20%, 9% contrast visual acuity(CVA)were observed. The binoptometer was used to collect the patients' far and near stereopsis acuities. The defocus curve was drawn after the operation; the Chinese version of the VF-14 Visual Function Index Scale was used to evaluate the visual quality and satisfaction after the operation.RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in the UCDVA, UCIVA and UCNVA of the patients at different time after the operation(all P<0.05). The transition of the defocus curve was gentle between +0.5--3.0 D after the operation. The OSI value at 3 mo postoperatively after the operation was significantly lower than that before the operation(P<0.01), and the MTF-cut-off, SR, 100% CVA, 20% CVA and 9% CVA were significantly improved than those before operation(all P<0.01). The far and near stereopsis acuities of 34 patients were abnormal before the operation. The far stereopsis acuities of the patients who underwent bilateral eye surgeries were all normal after the operation, and the near stereopsis acuity of 12 patients was normal. Among the patients who underwent unilateral eye surgeries, the far stereopsis acuities of 13 patients were normal, and the near stereopsis acuities of 11 patients were normal. The far and near stereopsis acuities of the patients who underwent bilateral eye surgeries were significantly better than those patients who underwent unilateral eye surgeries.CONCLUSION: The PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens can provide patients with good full-range visual acuity. The stereopsis of the patients with bilateral implants is better than that of the patients with unilateral implants. The overall visual quality and satisfaction of the patients after the operation are relatively high.

AIM: To compare the accuracy of intraocular lens(IOL)calculation formulas based on different corneal refractive power in calculating IOL diopters of cataract patients with a history of corneal refractive surgery.METHODS: A prospective clinical study was conducted with a cohort of 32 cataract patients(42 eyes)who had previously undergone myopic laser corneal surgery at Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital between February 2022 and August 2024. The study employed several IOL calculation formulas, including the Haigis-L formula, the Barrett True K formula based on simulated keratometry(SimK), the Haigis formula based on total keratometry(TK), the Potvin-Hill Pentacam(PVP)formula based on corneal true net power(TNP), and the OCT formula based on net corneal power(NCP). These formulas were used to calculate IOL power and predict postoperative refractive outcomes. At 1 mo postoperatively, subjective refraction was performed, and the prediction error(PE), mean absolute prediction error(MAE), median absolute prediction error(MedAE), and the percentage of prediction errors within the ranges of ±0.25, ±0.50, ±0.75, and ±1.0 D were determined.RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient for the four types of corneal refractive power was 0.986(P<0.001). There was no significant difference between TNP and NCP(P=0.491), and there were differences between the other two groups(all P<0.001). Statistically significant differences were observed between PE and 0 for the Haigis-L(K)and Haigis(TK)formulas(all P<0.001). In contrast, no statistically significant differences were noted between PE and 0 for the PVP, OCT, and Barrett True K formulas(all P>0.05). The MedAE value of Barrett True K was the smallest 0.32(0.19, 0.71)D among the five formulas, and there was no significant difference in MedAE among the five formulas(P=0.870). The proportion of eyes with PE within ±0.25 and ±1.0 D in Barrett True K formula was 38%(16/42)and 95%(40/42), respectively. The proportion of eyes within ±0.50 D in PVP formula was 71%(30/42); and the proportion of eyes with PE within ±0.75 D in Haigis(TK)formula was 83%(35/42).CONCLUSION: After corneal refractive surgery, there are differences between different types of corneal refractive power. When calculating IOL, the accuracy of TK combined with Haigis formula is better than that of Haigis-L(K)formula, and Barrett True K formula shows good accuracy.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

Objective:To conduct a retrospective study on the treatment outcomes of patients who underwent artificial temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacement surgery and to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial TMJ treatment.Methods:This study selected 62 patients who received standard Biomet artificial TMJ treatment at Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University from May 2010 to September 2023 as the study subjects. Among them, there were 15 male patients and 47 female patients. The average age was 33.5 years old(ranging from 18 to 67 years). This study statistically analyzed postoperative indicators, including maximum mouth opening, forward jaw movement, lateral movement, postoperative pain scores, and patient satisfaction.Results:This study included a total of 62 patients with 99 TMJ joints. No infections occurred postoperatively. The average follow-up period was 33.7 months (ranging from 7 to 170 months). At 6 months postoperatively, the mean mouth opening was (36.1±6.2) mm, lateral movement was (2.1±0.9) mm, and forward jaw movement was (1.0±0.9) mm. The pain visual analog scale score at 6 months postoperatively was (2.8±0.6), and patient satisfaction with the surgery was (8.8±1.1). Spiral CT scans conducted after surgery showed no joint dislocation or migration, and the artificial joint remained stable during the follow-up period.Conclusions:Artificial TMJ replacement is a valuable method for effectively restoring TMJ structure and essential functions related to mouth opening and chewing. It is worthy of promotion as a reconstructive approach for the temporomandibular joint

AIM: To compare and observe the accuracy of five intraocular lens(IOL)power calculation formulas in patients with cataracts who have previously undergone corneal refractive surgery.METHODS: Prospective case series study. A total of 23 cataract patients(34 eyes)with a history of myopic corneal refractive surgery at Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from September 2021 to March 2023 were collected, including 1 eye treated with photorefractive keratectomy(PRK)and 22 patients(33 eyes)treated with laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(LASIK). Preoperative ocular biometry was performed using the IOL Master 700, while corneal true net refractive power(TNP)was measured via Pentacam analyzer. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to assesse net corneal power(NCP), posterior corneal refractive power, and central corneal thickness(CCT). The Shammas, Haigis-L, Potvin-Hill Pentacam, OCT, and Barrett True K formulas were utilized for IOL power calculations, with the optimal power selected accordingly. At 1 mo postoperatively, actual refractive outcomes were determined through subjective refraction, based on objective optometry results. The refractive prediction error(RPE)and refractive absolute error(RAE)of each formula were calculated and compared, and the percentage of eyes with RAE ≤0.5 D and ≤1.0 D was counted.RESULTS: No significant statistical difference was found in the RPE of the five formulas when compared to zero(all P>0.05), nor were there significant differences in RPE and RAE among the formulas(F=0.554, P=0.696; H=4.402, P=0.354). The RAE was within ≤0.5 D for 26 eyes(76%)using the Potvin-Hill Pentacam formula and for 24 eyes(71%)using the Barrett True K formula, with both formulas achieving an RAE within ≤1.0D in 33 eyes(97%).CONCLUSIONS: The Barrett True K and Potvin-Hill Pentacam formulas demonstrated high predictive accuracy for IOL power calculations in post-corneal refractive surgery cataract patients. Given the variability in corneal refractive power among these patients, further research on IOL power calculation is warranted. Clinically, it is advisable to consider a range of formulas for optimal outcomes.

The biological clock(also known as the circadian rhythm)is the fundamental reliance for all organisms on Earth to adapt and survive in the Earth's rotation environment.Circadian rhythm is the most basic regulatory mechanism of life activities,and plays a key role in maintaining normal physiological and biochemical homeostasis,disease occurrence and treatment.Recent studies have shown that the biologi-cal clock plays an important role in the development of oral tissues and in the occurrence and treatment of oral diseases.Since there is cur-rently no guiding literature on the research methods of biological clock in stomatology,researchers mainly conduct research based on pub-lished references,which has led to controversy about the research methods of biological clock in stomatology,and there are many confusions about how to rationally apply the research methods of circadia rhythms.In view of this,this expert consensus summarizes the characteristics of the biological clock and analyzes the shortcomings of the current biological clock research in stomatology,and organizes relevant experts to summarize and recommend 10 principles as a reference for the rational implementation of the biological clock in stomatology research.

Objective To investigate the current status of off-label drug use(OLDU)management in tertiary hospitals of Guizhou province and to provide baseline evidence for developing a unified administration regulation for OLDU in Guizhou province.Methods In line with the relevant policies and regulations,a questionnaire including basic information about the person filling out the form,basic information about the hospitals,and information about OLDU was developed.The questionnaire was sent to 84 tertiary hospitals in Guizhou province through the Wenjuanxing.Results A total of 84 questionnaires were distributed and recovered,with a response rate of 100.00%.Of the 84 hospitals,77 had OLDU,of which 68(88.31%)had established a management system for OLDU.Among the 77 hospitals with OLDU,65(84.42%),42(54.55%),58(75.32%),36(46.75%),15(19.48%),and 21(27.27%)hospitals respectively,required approval from the Committee on Drug Administration and Pharmacotherapy before OLDU,restricted the qualifications of doctors prescribing OLDU,required informed consent from patients or their families before OLDU,recorded the matters and reasons in the medical records of patients treated with OLDU,followed up patients in their files and evaluated the reasonableness of the OLDU,and carried out special reviews for OLDU.Only 30(38.96%)hospitals have set up a catalogue of OLDUs,and 58(75.32%)hospitals have urgent needs to set up a unified provincial catalogue of OLDUs.Conclusion The pharmacy administration level of OLDU in tertiary hospitals of Guizhou province is relatively low,so there is an urgent need to establish a unified OLDU management system and medication catalog.

OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprints of c ultivated and wild Anemarrhena asphodeloides，and to identify their differential components. METHODS Using an evaporative light-scattering detector ， the high performance liquid chromatography combined with Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition） were used to establish fingerprints of 14 batches of cultivated A. asphodeloides and 14 batches of wild medicinal materials ，and evaluate their similarity. The common peaks were identified by comparison with the chromatogram of the mixed control. At the same time ，the contents of components corresponding to common peaks in cultivated and wild A. asphodeloides were determined. The principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis were adopted to identify differential components of them ，and compare the contents of them. RESULTS Among 28 batches of A. asphodeloides ，10 common peaks were found ，i.e. neomangiferin（peak 1），mangiferin（peak 2），isomangiferin（peak 3），timosaponin B Ⅱ（peak 7），timosaponin B Ⅲ（peak 8）， timosaponin Ⅰ（peak 9），timosaponin A Ⅲ（peak 10）. The similarities of fingerprints of samples with control fingerprint were no less than 0.963. The average total contents of seven components in cultivated and wild A. asphodeloides were 74.18 and 84.72 mg/g， respectively；there was statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The cultivated and wild A. asphodeloides could be divided into two categories. The differential components were neomangiferin ，mangiferin，timosaponin B Ⅱ and timosaponin A Ⅲ（VIP values were all higher than 1）. The content of neomangiferin in cultivated products was significantly higher than that in wild products （P＜ 0.05），and the contents of mangiferin ，timosaponin B Ⅱ and ti mosaponin A Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in wild products （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Fingerprint of A. asphodeloides is established ，and differential components of cultivated and wild A. asphodeloides are identified primarily.

Objective:To compare the setup errors in the supraclavicular regions of two different postures (arms placed on each side of the body, namely the body side group; arms crossed and elbows placed above forehead, namely the uplifted group) using the chest and abdomen flat frame fixation device in lung and esophageal cancer.Methods:Clinical data of patients with stage Ⅰ to Ⅳ lung or esophageal cancer who received three-dimensional radiotherapy with chest and abdomen flat frame fixation device in our institution from November 2020 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The setup errors of two postures were compared.Results:A total of 56 patients were included, including 31 patients (55%) in the body side group and 25 patients (45%) in the uplifted group. A total of 424 CBCTs were performed in the whole group. The overall setup errors in the X, Y and Z directions were similar in both groups ( P>0.05). The setup errors of sternoclavicular joint in the X and RZ directions in the body side group were significantly smaller than those in the uplifted group [(0.163±0.120) cm vs. (0.209 ±0.152) cm, P=0.033; 0.715°±0.628° vs. 0.910°±0.753°, P=0.011]. The setup errors of acromioclavicular joint in the Y, Z and RZ directions in the body side group were significantly smaller than those in the uplifted group [(0.233±0.135) cm vs. (0.284±0.193) cm, P=0.033; (0.202±0.140) cm vs. (0.252±0.173) cm, P=0.005; 0.671°±0.639° vs. 0.885°±0.822°, P=0.023]. The margins of target volume for setup errors were smaller in the X (0.45 cm vs. 0.54 cm) and Y (0.54 cm vs. 0.65 cm) directions of the sternoclavicular joint, as well as in the Y (0.59 cm vs. 0.78 cm) and Z directions (0.53 cm vs. 0.72 cm) of the acromioclavicular joint in the body side group. Conclusions:For lung and esophageal cancer patients requiring supraclavicular irradiation, the body side group yields smaller setup errors and corresponding margins of target volume than the uplifted group. In clinical practice, it is necessary to take comprehensive consideration of the accuracy of radiotherapy and additional radiation of the limbs to select appropriate posture.

The teaching of orthognathic surgery is difficult because it is complex and emphasizes the combination of theory and practice. The traditional teaching method focuses on theoretical teaching, but due to the limitation of conditions, it is difficult for students to master the operation. In this paper, we apply the digital three-dimensional surgical simulation system combined with 3D printing in specialist training of orthognathic surgery. Digital software and 3D printing are applied in the theoretical teaching, surgical operation, summary and reflection to combine practical teaching with theoretical teaching, so as to stimulate the subjective initiative of the students. The results showed that the teaching evaluation of the experimental group [(3.89±0.84) points] was better than that of the control group [(2.91±1.21) points]. The application of digital three-dimensional surgical simulation system combined with 3D printing has achieved satisfactory results.