ObjectiveTo explore the effect of respiratory training based on core stabilization training on lumbar disc herniation. MethodsFrom January, 2023 to October, 2024, 96 patients with lumbar disc herniation admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were divided into control group (n = 32), core group (n = 32) and respiratory group (n = 32). All the groups underwent conventional rehabilitation therapy, with core stabilization training in the core group and respiratory training combined with core stabilization training in the respiratory group, additionally, for four weeks. Before and after training, the scores of Visual Analogue Scale, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) were compared, the average electromyographic value (AEMG) and root mean square (RMS) value of the multifidus and transversus abdominis were detected by surface electromyography (sEMG); and the thickness of the multifidus and transversus abdominis were measured by musculoskeletal ultrasonography bilaterally. ResultsThe intra-group effect (F > 597.796, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 16.535, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 49.622, P < 0.001) were significant in the scores of VAS, JOA and ODI; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.05), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 7971.631, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 177.760, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 478.771, P < 0.001) were significant in the thickness of the transversus abdominis and multifidus; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 144303.007, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 1495.458, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 3121.361, P < 0.001) were significant in the RMS of the multifidus and transversus abdominis; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 1890.532, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 607.132, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 824.923, P < 0.001) were significant in the AEMG of the multifidus and transversus abdominis; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). ConclusionCore training combined with respiratory training can more effectively reduce pain and improve dysfunction by enhancing the strength and control of the core muscles， thus improving the quality of life of patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Objective To describe the outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for patients after aortic surgery and to summarize the experience. Methods The clinical data of patients who received ECMO support after aortic surgery in Fuwai Hospital from 2009 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients who received an aortic dissection surgery were allocated into a dissection group, and the other patients were allocated into a non-dissection group. The in-hospital and follow-up survival rates were compared between the two groups, and the causes of death were analyzed. Results A total of 22 patients were enrolled, including 17 patients in the dissection group [13 males and 4 females, with a median age of 54 (46, 61) years] and 5 patients in the non-dissection group [3 males and 2 females, with a median age of 51 (41, 65) years]. There was no statistical difference in the age and gender between the two groups (P>0.05). The in-hospital survival rate (11.8% vs. 100.0%, P=0.001) and follow-up survival rate (11.8% vs. 80.0%, P=0.009) of the patients in the dissection group were significantly lower than those in the non-dissection group. The causes of death in the dissection group included massive bleeding and disseminated intravascular coagulation (3 patients), ventricular thrombosis (1 patient), irreversible brain injury (2 patients), visceral malperfusion syndrome (4 patients) and irreversible heart failure (5 patients). Conclusion ECMO after aortic dissection surgery is associated with high mortality, which is related to the pathological features of aortic dissection and severely disrupted coagulation system after the surgery. For these patients, strict indication selection and optimal management strategy are important.

177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China.Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints,the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.

Objective:This study aims to explore the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in patients and the screening value of serological indicators for HEV infection patients.Methods:Retrospective analysis was conducted on 97 440 cases of anti-HEV IgM and IgG simultaneously tested in two Beijing hospitals from January 1, 2018 to August 31, 2023. Among them, there were 61 005 males and 36 435 females, with an average age of 51.65±13.05 years old. According to the positivity of anti HEV specific antibodies, they were divided into anti-HEV IgM positive group (3 588 cases), anti-HEV IgG positive group (18 083 cases), and anti-HEV antibody negative group (78 892 cases). Results of HEV RNA, liver function, AFP, PIVKA-Ⅱ and PT were collected, and their basic clinical information were recorded. The prevalence of HEV infection in patients, as well as the relationship between the positivity of anti-HEV specific antibodies and the patient′s age group, HEV RNA, and clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results:Among 97 440 patients who tested anti-HEV IgM and IgG simultaneously, the positivity rate of anti-HEV IgM was 3.68% (3 588/97 440), and was 18.56% for anti-HEV IgG (18 083/97 440). The overall positivity rates of anti-HEV IgM in two Beijing hospitals from 2018 to 2023 were 2.51%, 2.53%, 3.02%, 4.59%, 5.72%, and 4.26% ( χ2=1 401.73, P<0.001), while the positivity rates of anti-HEV IgG were 12.56%, 12.32%, 12.85%, 22.65%, 27.42%, and 26.66% ( χ2=1 058.29, P<0.001). These rates showed a gradual increase until 2023 when a decline was observed. The positivity rates of anti-HEV IgM (2.28%, 3.60%, 4.47%) ( χ2=89.62, P<0.001) and IgG (4.71%, 17.86%, 25.94%) ( χ2=2 017.32, P<0.001) increased with age in patients who aged 1-30, >30-60, and over 60 years old. The age and ALB values of patients in the anti-HEV IgM positive group were lower than the IgG-positive group, while the proportion of males, TBIL, ALT, AFP and PT values were higher than the IgG-positive group, and the differences were statistically significance ( P<0.05). Furthermore, patients in both the anti-HEV IgM and IgG positive groups had higher age, male proportion, TBIL, ALT, AFP, PIVKA-Ⅱ, and PT values than the anti-HEV negative group. Additionally, both groups had lower ALB values than the anti-HEV negative group, all of which were statistically significant ( P<0.05). 2 162 HEV infected patients were grouped based on HEV RNA positivity. The proportion of anti-HEV IgM single positive, IgG single positive, IgM+IgG double positive, and antibody negative patients in the HEV RNA positive group were 5.42% (18/332), 3.62% (12/332), 90.36% (300/332), and 0.60% (2/332), respectively. Among them, the proportion of anti-HEV IgM+IgG double positive patients in the HEV RNA positive group was higher than that in the HEV RNA negative group ( χ2=302.87, P<0.001), while the proportion of anti-HEV IgG single positive ( χ2=174.36, P<0.001) and anti-HEV antibody negative patients ( χ2=59.28, P<0.001) were lower than that in the HEV RNA negative group, both of which were statistically significant ( P<0.001). In addition, the positive rates of HEV RNA in anti-HEV IgM positive, IgG positive, and antibody negative patients were 29.23% (318/1 088), 17.59% (312/1 774), and 0.65% (2/306), respectively. Conclusion:The HEV infection rate among patients declined in 2023. HEV infection is age-related, with older individuals being more susceptible. Abnormal liver function and jaundice were commonly observed during HEV infection. It is crucial to note that the absence of anti-HEV specific antibodies cannot rule out HEV infection; therefore, additional testing for HEV RNA and/or HEV Ag is necessary for accurate diagnosis.

Objective To explore the effect of robotic training under position limitation on upper limb of patients with shoulder sub-luxation after stroke. Methods From March to December,2023,sixty patients with shoulder subluxation after stroke in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were randomized into conventional group(n = 20),robot group(n = 20)and position-limited group(n = 20).All the groups accepted conventional rehabilitation,while the robot group underwent robot training and the position-limited group underwent robot training under position limitation,for four weeks.Before and after treatment,Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities(FMA-UE)and modified Bar-thel Index(MBI)were used for evaluation,surface electromyography(sEMG)was used to measure the average electromyography(AEMG)and root mean square(RMS)of posterior deltoid fasciculus and supraspinatus during contraction,and musculoskeletal ultrasonography was used to determine the distance of acromion-greater tuber-osity(AGT)of the affected side. Results After treatment,FMA-UE score,MBI score,AEMG,RMS and the distance of AGT improved in all the groups(|t|>10.850,P<0.001),and all the indexes were optimal in the position-limited group(F>42.031,P<0.001). Conclusion Robotic training for upper limb under postural limitation can further improve upper limb function and sub-luxation status,activities of daily living,and peri-shoulder muscle in patients with shoulder subluxation after stroke.

Objective To study the bioequivalence and safety of two olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide tablets in Chinese healthy subjects.Methods A total of 24 healthy subjects underwent fasting and postprandial tests in a single-center,randomized,open-label,single-dose,two-formulation,two-sequence,two-period,self-cross-over controlled design.The subjects were administered a single oral dose of the test formulation and reference formulation(each containingolmesartan medoxomil 20 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg)in a random cross-over fashion.The plasma concentrations of olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide were determined by LC-MS/MS.The non-compartmental model analysis of olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide was conducted using WinNonlin 7.0 software to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters and assess bioequivalence.Results In the fasting test,the pharmacokinetic parameters of olmesartan of test and reference were as follows:Cmax were(798.35±206.78)and(664.52±168.25)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t were(4 430.71±1 294.87)and(3 976.67±1 083.54)h·ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(4 551.67±1 303.06)and(4 090.37±1 103.97)h·ng·mL-1.The pharmacokinetic parameters of hydrochlorothiazide of test and reference were as follows:Cmax were(92.39±35.96)and(96.15±38.76)ng·mL-1,AUC0_t were(548.69±217.11)and(564.41±208.68)h·ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(603.04±228.59)and(619.26±223.27)h·ng·mL-1.In the fed test,the pharmacokinetic parameters of olmesartan of T and R were as follows:Cmax were(583.15±149.48)and(550.57±104.76)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t were(3 585.18±952.72)and(3 292.19±904.58)h·ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(3 696.05±996.55)and(3 396.30±923.41)h·ng·mL-1.The pharmacokinetic parameters of hydrochlorothiazide of test and reference were as follows:Cmax were(70.30±17.88)and(74.70±21.65)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t were(476.60±119.39)and(492.91±144.81)h·ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(523.37±132.67)and(535.81±151.92)h·ng·mL-1.In fasting and fed condition,the 90％confidence interval(90％CI)of Cmax,AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ of olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide were in 80.00％-125.00％.Conclusion The two olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide tablets were bioequivalent under fasting and fed conditions,and good security.

Objective:To explore the remodeling of brain function 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and its relationship with functioning and behavior.Methods:Forty-eight volunteers who had received ACLR from the same surgeon were divided into a coping and a non-coping group, each of 17. Another 14 health volunteers formed the control group. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to record blood oxygen level-dependent signals from the members of all three groups in the 0.01 to 0.08Hz band. One-way analysis of variance was applied to the differences in low frequency amplitude (ALFF) observed.Results:The results of multiple comparisons with Gaussian random field theory correction showed that the differences in bilateral putamen ALFF values among the three groups were statistically significant. The signals from the right cerebellar area 8 and the bilateral putamen were significantly stronger among the non-coping group on average. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the ALFF values from the right cerebellar 8 region were positively and significantly more correlated with the symmetry of a subject′s Y balance function test results in the coping group compared with the non-coping group.Conclusions:Subcortical brain function remodeling occurs in ACLR patients returning to exercise after surgery, and a Y-balance function test can indirectly reflect such remodeling. That can provide a basis for designing programs for rehabilitating advanced brain functions.

Objective To investigate the role and potential mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible protein 8-like molecule 1(TNFAIP8L1)in acute liver injury in mice.Methods The second generation of C57BL/6J male wild-type(WT)mice and the C57BL/6J female TNFAIP8L1+/-mice and WT mice were selected to further self-breed the third generation of male TNFAIP8L1-/-mice and the third generation of WT male mice.Five normal third-generation male WT mice and five normal third-generation male TNFAIP8L1-/-mice were selected.The serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels of the two types of normal mice were measured and compared.The infiltration of inflammatory cells and cell necrosis in the liver tissues of the two types of normal mice were observed after hematoxylin & eosin(HE)staining.Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of neutrophils(Neu),eosinophils(EOS),dendritic cells(DC),bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMDMs),and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell(BMNCs)in the liver myeloid cell subsets of the two types of normal mice.Another 5 third-generation male WT mice and 4 third-generation male TNFAIP8L1-/-mice were selected to induce acute liver injury mouse models using lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-Gal).After 24 hours,the serum ALT levels of the two types of acute liver injury mice were detected and compared,the infiltration of inflammatory cells and cell necrosis in the liver tissues of the two types of acute liver injury mice were observed,and the percentages of Neu,EOS,DC,BMDMs and BMNCs in the liver myeloid cell subsets of the two types of acute liver injury mice were measured by using the above methods.Results There was no significant difference in the percentages of Neu,EOS,DC,BMDMs and BMNCs,and serum ALT levels in the livermyeloid cell subsets of normal WT mice and TNFAIP8L1-/-mice(P＞0.05).HE staining results of liver tissues in normal WT mice and TNFAIP8L1/mice showed that hepatic lobules were structurally complete and clear,hepatocytes were morphologically normal and arranged neatly,and there was no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration or cell necrosis.Twenty-four hours after acute liver injury,the percentages of Neu and BMNCs in the liver myeloid cell subsets and the serum ALT levels in the liver tissues of TNFAIP8L1-/-mice were significantly higher than those of WT mice(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the percentages of EOS,DC and BMDMs in the liver myeloid cell subsets of mice between the two groups(P＞0.05).In the liver tissues of WT mice with acute liver injury,hepatic lobules were structurally blurred,hepatocytes were swollen with scattered vacuolated steatosis,and a small amount of inflammatory cells were infiltrated.In the liver tissues of TNFAIP8L1/mice with acute liver injury,hepatic lobules were structurally non-existent,and hepatocytes were severely damaged and extensively necrotic,with a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration.Conclusion The deficiency of the TNFAIP8L1 gene in mice does not affect the development of liver myeloid cells and the homeostasis of the liver.TNFAIP8L1 plays an inhibitory role in the occurrence and development of acute liver injury.TNFAIP8L1 gene deficiency aggravates LPS/D-Gal-induced acute liver injury,possibly by increasing Neu and BMNCs infiltration and recruiting other types of immune cells to infiltrate liver tissues,thereby exacerbating liver cell necrosis.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of Yunnan Baiyao in middle aged and elderly lung cancer patients undergoing the uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic.Methods A total of 90 patients with non-small cell lung cancer meeting the criterias were screened and divided into two groups according to random number table method,which respectively received conventional treatment(control group)and Yunnan Baiyao treatment(experimental group).The perioperative period related indexes,coagulation function related indexes,and the occurrence rate of complications were observed and compared between the two groups.Results The intraoperative bleeding volume and thoracic drainage volume for the first day of experimental group were significantly lower than control group(P＜0.05).However,there were no significant difference in the coagulation function related indexes between two groups before and after surgery(P＞0.05).Additionally,there were also no significant difference in the occurrence rate of complication between two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Yunnan Baiyao can reduce intraoperative bleeding volume and chest tube drainage volume for the first day,promots the recovery of patients,and has a good clinical application value.

The main sources of natural drugs include various biological species such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. The accurate identification of these species is the bedrock of natural drug development. We propose a novel method of species identification in this paper: analysis of whole-genome (AGE), a molecular diagnostic method used to identify species by finding species-specific sequences from the whole genome and precisely recognizing the specific target sequences. We elaborate that the principle for species identification based on AGE is that the genome sequences of diverse species must differ and divide the implementation strategy of the method into two levels of research and application. Based on our analysis of its characteristics, the method would have the potential advantages of reliable principle, high specificity, and wide applicability. Moreover, three crucial concerns related to building method systems including genome acquisition, bioinformatics analysis, and database construction, are further discussed. In summary, we offer theoretical underpinnings and methodological guidance for the development of bioinformatics software and commercial kits, indicating AGE has great application potential in objects, subjects, and industries.