Objective:To develop a prediction tool for 6-year incident risk of frailty among Chinese older adults aged 65 years or above.Methods:Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2002 to 2018 was used, including 13 676 older adults aged 65 years or above who were free of frailty at baseline. Key predictors of frailty were identified via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method, and were thereafter used to predict the incident frailty based on the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The model was internally validated by 2 000 Bootstrap resamples and evaluated for the performance of discrimination and calibration using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration curve, respectively. The net benefit of the developed prediction tool was evaluated by decision-curve analysis.Results:The M( Q1, Q3) age and follow-up time of the participants were 81.0 (71.0, 90.0) years and 6.0 (4.1, 9.2) years, respectively. A total of 4 126 older persons (30.2%) were recorded with frailty incidents during the follow-up, with the corresponding incidence density of 41.8/1 000 person-years. A total of 15 key predictors of frailty were selected by LASSO, namely, age, sex, race, education years, meat consumption, tea drinking, performing housework, raising domestic animals, playing cards or mahjong, and baseline status of visual function, activities of the daily living score, instrumental activities of the daily living score, hypertension, heart disease, and self-rated health. The prediction model was internally validated with an AUC of 0.802, with the max Youden's index of 0.467 at a risk threshold of 19.0%. The calibration curve showed high consistency between predicted probabilities and observed proportions of frailty events. The decision curve indicated that higher net benefits could be obtained via the prediction model than did strategies based on intervention in all or none participants for any risk threshold less than 59%, and the model-based net benefit was estimated to be 0.10 at a risk threshold of 19.0%. Conclusions:The herein developed 6-year incident risk prediction model of frailty, based on easily accessible questionnaires and physical examination variables, has good predictive performance. It has application potential in identifying populations at high risk of incident frailty.

Objective:To investigate the Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with biofeedback non motor symptoms on clinical effects and serum levels of IL-6,CRP and TNF-α of Parkinson's disease.Methods:84 cases of Parkinson's disease in our hospital were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 42 cases in each group.The control group were treated with EMG and EEG biofeedback,while the experimental group were treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the basis of the control group.Then the serum levels of C reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),the non motor symptoms questionnaire (NMSQuest),Parkinson's disease Sleep Scale (PDSS) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score in the two groups were observed and compared before and after the treatment.Results:Compared with before treatment,the serum levels of CRP,IL-6 and TNF-α,the NMSQuest and HAMD in the two groups decreased after the treatment,while the PDSS score increased,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);Compared with the control group,the serum levels of CRP,IL-6 and TNF-α,NMSQuest and HAMD in the experimental group were lower,while the PDSS score was higher,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with biofeedback can reduce the serum levels of IL-6,CRP and TNF-α in patients with Parkinson's disease,which has better clinical effect on the non motor symptoms.

BACKGROUND:Joint replacement surgery becomes difficult because of the abnormal changes in hip joint, especial y on the acetabular side. Therefore, the treatment on acetabulum is very important during total hip arthroplasty in patients with hip dysplasia. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical therapeutic effects of total hip arthroplasty with onlay bone graft for treatment of CroweIII and IV adult hip dysplasia. METHODS:A total of in 14 patients with adult hip dysplasia were retrospectively analyzed. According to Crowe method, there were 11 cases of type III and 3 cases of type IV. Al patients underwent total hip arthroplasty. Autologous femur neck was used to make an onlay bone graft around the acetabulum during replacement. Radiographs were analyzed after replacement and during fol ow-up. Clinical efficacy was assessed using Harris standard. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients were fol owed up for 1-9 years, averagely 4.5 years. Bone graft was partial y absorbed within 1 year after replacement in 4 patients, and began to grow 2 years later. Radiographs showed that al bone graft was fused to host bone. The average coverage rate of bone grafts on acetabulum was 36%. None hip was needed to be rebuilt up to now. Harris score of hip joint function increased from 35 points (26-52 points) before surgery to 91 points during final fol ow-up. Total hip arthroplasty with onlay bone graft is an effective method in treatment of CroweIII and IV adult hip dysplasia.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of endovascular stent placement to the treatment of intracranial internal carotid artery dissection.Methods Two patients with intracranial internal carotid artery dissection received the treatment of stent placement,and 1 patient with a dissection of the supra clinoid internal carotid artery received conventional anticoagulation treatment.Results Two patients with intracranial internal carotid artery dissection were given treatment of Apollo stent placement,of which 1 patient had improvement of left limb paresis,the score of NIHSS from 3 before operation to 2 after operation; the other one with episodic left limb weakness was not seen any attack after stent placement.Another one patient without stent placement receiving conventional anticoagulation treatment had some improvement of right limb paralysis.Conclusion The treatment of endovascular stent placement to the intracranial internal carotid artery dissection has better clinical efficacy and especially used for those patients with no effect to the conventional anticoagulation treatment.

Objective To study the impact of enteral nutrition (EN) or parenteral nutrition (PN) in postoperative colorectal cancer patients on viscera organ function and "passing wind" time.Methods Totally 30 patients with colorectal cancer joined this study with informed consent.Patients were randomly divided into EN group and PN group.Both two groups were given nutritional support from the first post-operative day to the 7th post-operative day.The pre-operative and post-operative viscera organ functions and the recovery time of gastrointestinal functions are observed.Results Total bilirubin was significantly lower in EN group than in PN group (P ＜ 0.05).The length of post-operative hospital stay was significantly shorter in EN group than in PN group (P ＜0.01).The post-operative complications were not significantly different between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Postoperative EN support is beneficial for colorectal cancer patient in terms of lower bilirubin levels,shorter post-operative hospital stay,and lower cost.

BACKGROUND: Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is widely used as acetabulum. The hip joint will produce lots of grind particles and lead to loosening of artificial joint because of alternating load and bad lubricate condition.OBJECTIVE: To learn about the lubricate mechanism of joint, introduce the present situation on artificial hip joint of UHMWPE including wear behavior and wear resistance properties, and grope for scientific evaluate method of tribological properties in artificial joints.RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: The articles published between January 2000 and October 2007 were searched by using computer with the key terms "hip joint, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, tribology" in CNKI, Weipu Science and Technology Database, Wanfang Database, and its language was limited to Chinese. Meanwhile, the English articles were searched in IEEE/IEE Electronic Library and Elsevier Electronic Journal Database with the key terms "hip simulators, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, tribology ". Those referring to the friction and wear property of the joints were included, whereas repeated researches were deleted.LITERATURE EVALUATION: Totally 729 articles were received. After the primary screening of the titles and abstracts, 601 repeated or similar researches were excluded, and other 128 articles were adopted for further analysis, finally 22 articles in accordance with the inclusion criteria were included as references.DATA SYNTHESIS: The study about UHMWPE focused two points, one is surface modification, the other is wear and friction mechanism.①The study indicates that wear properties of UHMWPE can be improved by surface modification, such as ion implantation and nanometer padding have a remarkable elevating ability of the wear and mechanical properties.②At recent years, scholars do many basal experiences about the tribology of hip joints, and have approved that wear rate of friction pairs would reduce under biological lubricate condition using artificial joint simulators or traditional tester in various conditions.CONCLUSION: The study about hip joint in China drops behind the developed counties, this traditional method can not really reflect wear and friction properties in vivo. Therefore, the following research should include making clear the relationships of load, environmental condition and wear of artificial joint in vivo, as well as groping for a scientific evaluate method of tribological properties in hip joints.

OBJECTIVE To strengthen the hospital infection control and the link management, and to improve the medical care and nursing quality. METHODS The main methods were to strengthen the organization leadership, set up and enhance the management system of infection; strengthen the continuing education about the hospital infection knowledge, control the hospital infection, and standardize medical personnel′s hand hygiene; choose the correct washing and maintenance method for the apparatus and instruments; and strengthen the management of the medical wastes. RESULTS After that to set up the management of each link, eliminate the dangers in medical action, improve the antiseptic quality, and decrease the rate of hospital infection. CONCLUSIONS The hospital infection controls and the link management are two of the important indexes of appraising the management level of the hospital, and it is the important guarantee of improving medical care and nursing quality and supporting the medical treatment′s security.

Objective To provide the data of mandible and zygomatic arch, including the space distance of mandible angles, depth and length of zygomatic arch, by direct measurement and related analysis at home position of corpse in Chinese Han for medical aesthetics. Methods The vernier callipers were used to directly measure the every indexes of mandible and zygomatic arch in the formalin-fixed male and female adult corpses (50 each) and to proceed the related analysis. Results The results showed that male mandible thickness was (12.60?1.26) mm, mandible height (33.60?3.35) mm, mandible length (77.60?7.80) mm , width of mandible ramus (34.80?3.50) mm, height of mandible ramus (67.20?6.70) mm, depth of zygomatic arch (9.54?1.19) mm, length of zygomatic arch (40.60?4.97)mm, and thickness of mandible angle (12.20?0.67) mm in male; Mandible thickness was (10.70?0.98) mm, mandible height (29.40?2.64) mm, ramus of mandible height (74.00?7.07) mm, width of mandible (31.10?3.04) mm, height of mandible ramus (64.00?5.53) mm, depth of zygomatic arch (8.67?1.09) mm, l ength of zygomatic arch (36.50?4.59) mm, and thickness of mandible angle (13.80?1.28) mm in female. Conclusions The breadth between bilateral angle of mandible could come to reckoning the depth of zygomatic arch, the length of zygomatic arch and other indexes of mandibles. Those data are useful in aesthetics and preparation of the compound.

Objectives To investigate the DRD 2 genetic susceptibility to essential tremor(ET) in Chinese.Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) was used to determine the DRD 2 Taq ⅠA genotypes of 80 unrelated ET patients and 100 healthy controls.Results No significant differences in Taq ⅠA genotype and distributions of allele frequencies of Taq ⅠA loci at the DRD 2 gene were observed between ET and controls.Conclusions Taq ⅠA loci polymorphism at DRD 2 gene may be not associated to genetic susceptibility to ET,but the Taq ⅠA polymorphism at DRD gene could contribute the disorder of central dopaminergic neural system in ET.

Seeds of Panax quinquefolius L. with original moisture content of 5.9%, together withthat desiccated over silica gel to moisture contents of 3.4% and 1.7%, were stored at ambient tempera-ture,-5 ℃C, -18 ℃C and -196 ℃C (liquid nitrogen) for 6 months. Influences of desiccation and storage on seed viability were tested by TTC staining, before and after desiccation, and their vigour were evaluatedon tests of seed esterase isozyme isoelectric focusing (IEF), and field test on their rate of splitting and e-mergence,length of bud and root. Results showed that there was no effects on seed viability by desiccationto 3.4% and 1.7% of moisture content, as the TTC staining rates were 100% for all seeds tested immedi-ately after desiccation. No significant differences in seed viability and vigour were detected among seedsstored at defferent temperature as there are no significant difference in vairance analysis for seed split rateand seed emergency rate.