Objective To investigate the relationship between insomnia,gastrointestinal symptoms,and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),as well as the related influencing factors.Methods A total of 910 T2DM patients treated in our multicenter from January 2022 to December 2022 were enrolled in this study.General information(gender,age,smoking and drinking history,exercise,course of disease,treatment and complications),HbA1c,Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS)scores and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale(GSRS)scores of patients were collected.The differences of sleep and gastrointestinal symptoms between groups were analyzed,and the correlation between the differences and HbA1c was analyzed.Furthermore,the risk factors for non-standard HbA1c were analyzed.Results The AIS score and GSRS score in the HbA1c control group were less than those in the non-standard group(P＜0.01).Insomnia was reported by 37.0％of T2DM patients,and the HbA1c level in the insomnia group was significantly higher than that in the non-insomnia group(10.00％±2.38％vs.8.26％±1.73％,P＜0.01).Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 57.5％of T2DM patients,and the HbA1c levels in the group with gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly higher than those in the group without gastrointestinal symptoms(9.26％±2.23％vs.8.43％±1.98％,P＜0.01).Furthermore,26.3％of T2DM patients experienced both insomnia and gastrointestinal symptoms.Remarkably,the HbA1c levels in the group with both insomnia and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly higher than those in the group without either condition(10.18％±2.44％vs.8.45％±1.86％,P＜0.01).Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between sleep quality,gastrointestinal function,and HbA1c levels(P＜0.01).The logistic regression analysis result revealed that age,GSRS score,AIS score,and the presence of insomnia combined with gastrointestinal symptoms were independent risk factors for predicting HbA1c≥6.5％(P＜0.01).Having both insomnia and gastrointestinal symptoms concurrently was the strongest risk factor for substandard HbA1c control,and the risk of blood sugar control may increase about 5 times when both appear together.Conclusion Insomnia and gastrointestinal symptoms are common comorbidities in T2DM patients,showing a cross-interfering relationship,and they appear together with poor blood sugar control,interact causally,and amplify each other.

Objective:To investigate the effects of external application of Sanying Plaster on the size of thyroid nodules and the states of depression and anxiety in patients with benign thyroid nodules.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 120 patients with benign thyroid nodules from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Thyroid Diseases at Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from June to December 2022 were selected as the subjects of the study. They were divided into two groups using the random number table method, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received lifestyle intervention treatment, while the treatment group received Sanying Ointment in addition to the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for 3 months. TCM syndrome scores were measured before and after treatment; the maximum diameter of thyroid nodules was measured using a color Doppler ultrasound transverse section; the quality of life was assessed using the short form 36 (SF-36); the degree of anxiety and depression was evaluated using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the self-rating depression scale (SDS); adverse reactions during the treatment period were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:During the treatment period, 4 cases in the treatment group and 3 cases in the control group did not complete the treatment. Finally, 56 cases in the treatment group and 57 cases in the control group entered the efficacy evaluation. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 71.4% (40/56), and that of the control group was 14.0% (8/57), with a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=26.82, P<0.001). After treatment, the TCM syndrome score of the treatment group (10.02±3.65 vs. 16.65±3.44, t=-10.24) was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.001); the maximum diameter of thyroid nodules [11.00 (4.65, 19.93) mm vs. 15.00 (7.15, 28.50) mm, Z=-2.43] was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05); the SF-36 score [121.83 (117.00, 130.00) vs. 114.42 (104.25, 127.50), Z=-2.62] was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01); the SDS (46.72±4.59 vs. 57.02±5.99, t=14.80) and SAS (42.25±5.72 vs. 50.60±7.12, t=10.04) scores were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment period in the treatment group was 3.5% (2/57), and no adverse reactions occurred in the control group. Conclusion:The external application of Sanying Ointment helps to reduce the size of thyroid nodules in patients with benign thyroid nodules, improve the quality of life and anxiety and depression, and increase clinical efficacy with good safety.

Taking the introduction measures of overseas outstanding young talents from a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Tianjin as a case study,this paper introduces the overall overview,application requirements,overall goals,work tasks,as-sessment management,and support measures of the hospital's Excellent Youth Science Fund project(overseas).It is believed that sufficient attention should be paid to the introduction of outstanding young talents from overseas,scientific planning should be carried out,and a comprehensive and international talent introduction management system should be constructed;Optimize serv-ices and provide various resettlement measures for the integration of international talents;Dual protection,introducing dual incen-tives of consulting allowances and research funding;Strengthen assessment and establish a task decomposition mechanism for the evaluation of international special talents;Closed loop management,striving to build a comprehensive ecosystem for the develop-ment of technology talents throughout the entire chain.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Qinggan Bupi Jiangtang Decoction combined with western medicine in the treatment of adult type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with with liver hyperactivity and spleen deficiency syndrome.Methods:Prospective cohort study. A total of 103 T2DM patients with liver hyperactivity and spleen deficiency syndrome in the Department of endocrinology of Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2020 to February 2021 were randomly divided into the observation group (52 cases) and the control group (51 cases) according to random number table method. Both groups were treated with conventional western medicine, the control group was treated with sitagliptin phosphate on the basis of routine treatment, and the observation group was treated with Qinggan Bupi Jiangtang Decoction on the basis of routine treatment. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. TCM symptom scores were performed before and after treatment. The FPG, 2hPBG, HbA1c and fasting insulin (FINS) were detected by dry chemistry method and Roche electroluminescence method, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by dynamic blood glucose monitoring indexes TIR (percentage of time when glucose was in the range of 3.9-10.0 mmol/L), TAR (percentage of time when glucose was higher than the target range ≥ 11.1 mmol/L) and TBR (percentage of time when glucose was lower than the target range <3.9 mmol/L).Results:The total effective rate was 92.3% (48/52) in the observation group and 56.9% (29/51) in the control group ( χ2=15.32, P<0.01). The score of TCM syndrome in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=6.30, P<0.01). The compliance rate of HbA1c in the observation group was 46.2% (24/52) and that of the control group was 23.5% (12/51). There was significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=5.80, P=0.016). Compared with the groups before treatment, MAGE, TAR, TBR significantly decreased and TIR significantly increased in both groups after treatment ( P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups after treatment ( t values were 0.78, 1.06, 0.22 and 1.45, respectively, P>0.05). Compared with the groups before treatment, the levels of FPG, 2 hPBG and HbA1c in the two groups significantly decreased after treatment ( P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups after treatment ( t values were 1.32, 0.18,1.50, respectively, P>0.05). Compared with the groups before treatment, the levels of FINS and HOMA-IR in the two groups significantly decreased after treatment ( P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups after treatment ( t values were 1.25, 0.51, respectively, P>0.05). There were no adverse reactions in the observation group, 2 cases of mild nausea and 1 case of transient diarrhea in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=3.15, P=0.118). Conclusion:Qinggan Bupi Jiangtang Decoction combined with routine treatment can improve the blood glucose level, TIR and blood glucose standard rates of adult T2DM with liver hyperactivity and spleen deficiency syndrome, and the curative effect is equivalent to sitagliptin phosphate tablets.

Objective: This study’s objective is to assess the efficacy and safety of Pulsed Magnetic Therapy System (PMTS) in improving insomnia disorder. Methods: Participants with insomnia disorder were randomly assigned to receive either PMTS or sham treatment for four weeks (n= 153; PMTS: 76, sham: 77). Primary outcomes are the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores at week 0 (baseline), 1, 2, 3, 4 (treatment), and 5 (follow-up). Secondary outcomes are the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at baseline and week 4, and weekly sleep diary-derived values for sleep latency, sleep efficiency, real sleep time, waking after sleep onset, and sleep duration. Results: The ISI scores of the PMTS group and the sham group were 7.13±0.50, 11.07±0.51 at week 4, respectively. There was a significant group×time interaction for ISI (F3.214, 485.271=24.25, p<0.001, ηp 2=0.138). Only the PMTS group experienced continuous improvement throughout the study; in contrast, the sham group only experienced a modest improvement after the first week of therapy. At the end of the treatment and one week after it, the response of the PMTS group were 69.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 58.6%–79.0%), 75.0% (95% CI: 64.1%–83.4%), respectively, which were higher than the response of the sham group (p<0.001). For each of the secondary outcomes, similar group×time interactions were discovered. The effects of the treatment persisted for at least a week. Conclusion PMTS is safe and effective in improving insomnia disorders.

Background/Aims: To investigate the autoantibody against fumarate hydratase (FH), which is a specific liver failure-associated antigen (LFAA) and determine whether it can be used as a biomarker to evaluate the prognosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Methods: An immunoproteomic approach was applied to screen specific LFAAs related to differential prognosis of ACLF (n=60). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technology was employed for the validation of the frequency and titer of autoantibodies against FH in ACLF patients with different prognoses (n=82). Moreover, we clarified the expression of autoantibodies against FH in patients with chronic hepatitis B (n=60) and hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis (n=60). The dynamic changes in the titers of autoantibodies against FH were analyzed by sample collection at multiple time points during the clinical course of eight ACLF patients with different prognoses. Results: Ultimately, 15 LFAAs were screened and identified by the immunoproteomic approach.Based on ELISA-based verification, anti-FH/Fumarate hydratase protein autoantibody was chosen to verify its expression in ACLF patients. ACLF patients had a much higher anti-FH autoantibody frequency (76.8%) than patients with liver cirrhosis (10%, p=0.000), patients with chronic hepatitis B (6.7%, p=0.022), and normal humans (0%, p=0.000). More importantly, the frequency and titer of anti-FH protein autoantibodies in the serum of ACLF patients with a good prognosis were much higher than that of patients with a poor prognosis (83.9% vs 61.5%, p=0.019; 1.41±0.85 vs 0.94±0.56, p=0.017, respectively). The titer of anti-FH autoantibodies showed dynamic changes in the clinical course of ACLF. Conclusions The anti-FH autoantibody in serum may be a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of ACLF.

Liver disease is one of the most burdensome diseases in the world. Therefore, new technologies are needed to study its pathogenesis in depth; however, because of its complex pathogenesis, there are relatively limited treatment options. Single-cell sequencing (SCS), as an emerging sequencing method, reflects the heterogeneity between cells by sequencing the genome, transcriptome, and epigenome of a single cell, thereby revealing the complex mechanisms of disease occurrence and development. The application of SCS in the study of liver diseases will enrich our understanding of the pathogenesis of liver diseases and provide a new direction for exploring the diagnosis and treatment. This article mainly reviews the research progress of SCS technology in liver diseases.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and the outcomes after reperfusion therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:Patients with AIS treated with reperfusion therapy (intravenous thrombolysis, endovascular mechanical thrombectomy or bridging therapy) in the Stroke Center of Zhongshan Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical baseline data of the patients were collected. The Fazekas scale was used to evaluate the severity of WMHs according to the MRI images. At 90 d after discharge, the modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate the outcomes. A score of ≤ 2 was defined as good outcome, and a score of >2 was defined as poor outcome. Binary multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for hemorrhagic transformation (HT), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and poor outcomes. Results:A total of 676 patients with AIS treated with reperfusion therapy were enrolled. Among them, 506 patients (74.9%) were complicated with WMHs, and 80 (11.8%) had severe WMHs. One hundred and thirty-two patients (19.5%) had HT, 34 (5.0%) had sICH, and 306 (45.3%) had a poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that severe WMHs was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of HT (odds ratio [ OR] 1.890, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.047-3.413; P=0.035) and poor outcomes ( OR 3.366, 95% CI 1.567-7.232; P=0.002) after reperfusion treatment in patients with AIS, but there was no independent correlation with sICH ( OR 8.403, 95% CI 0.891-79.294; P=0.063). Conclusion:Severe WMHs is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of HT and poor outcomes in patients with AIS after reperfusion treatment, but it has no independent correlation with sICH.

Objective:To investigate the correlations of collateral circulation with hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and short-term prognoses in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after different reperfusion therapies.Methods:Four hundred and forty-nine patients with AIS after different reperfusion therapies, admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to December 2019, were chosen in our study. These patients were divided into HT group ( n=90) and non-HT group ( n=359) according to whether HT presented or not. The baseline data, clinical characteristics, and prognoses of patients between the 2 groups were compared. And the variables of P<0.05 in univariate analysis were re-analyzed by multivariate Logistics regression to identify the independent influencing factors for HT in patients with AIS; the correlations between cerebral collateral circulation grading (American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology [ASITN/SIR], and modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [mTICI]) and modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores at discharge were explored. Results:(1) There were significant differences between patients in the two groups in terms of age, percentages of patients with atrial fibrillation, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, emergency blood glucose, platelet count, and percentages of patients used dual antiplatelet agents and statin ( P<0.05). (2) Results of multivariate Logistics analysis: moderate stroke (NIHSS scores of 9-15), severe stroke (NIHSS scores≥16), elevated emergency glucose, atherosclerotic cerebral infarction and bridging therapy were independent risk factors for HT, and good collateral circulation status and dual antiplatelet therapy were independent protective factors for HT. (3) Correlation of collateral circulation with short-term prognosis: mRS scores of patients at discharge were negatively correlated with ASITN/SIR grading of collateral circulation and mTICI grading ( rs=-0.201, P=0.003; rs=-0.222, P=0.001). Further grouping by different reperfusion therapies showed that ASITN/SIR grading in the intravenous thrombolysis group and mTICI grading in the bridging therapy group were negatively correlated with mRS scores of these patients at discharge ( rs=-0.176, P=0.016; rs=-0.271, P=0.010). Conclusion:AIS patients with poor collateral circulation who receive reperfusion therapies are more likely to develop HT than patients with good collateral circulation, enjoying a relatively poor short-term prognosis.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the preoperative fear of pain(FOP) and postoperative pain in patients with lung cancer undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, with a view to provide a basis for psychological and behavioral intervention in perioperative pain.Methods:One hundred lung cancer patients underwent thoracoscopic surgery from August 2018 to December 2019 were recruited. The FOP was collected by the Chinese version of the fear of pain questionnaire-Ⅲ before operation. And postoperative pain including rest pain and cough pain was collected after surgery. The correlation analysis and relative risk coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between preoperative FOP and postoperative pain.Results:Both rest pain and cough pain were positively correlated with FOP with the correlation coefficients of 0.404 and 0.489 (both P <0.05). Patients with a high level of FOP before surgery were more likely to report severe pain when coughing after surgery, which was 3.643 times (95% CI value was 1.585-8.372) higher than the patients with non-high level preoperative FOP. Conclusions:Patients with a high level preoperative FOP may report higher pain after surgery. Screening and identification of such patients are needed for further cognitive behavioral intervention.