ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） combined with oral cholangiopancreatography in the treatment of major duodenal papilla gallbladder polyps. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of eight patients with choledocholithiasis and gallbladder polyps who underwent ERCP and combined with oral cholangiopancreatography for major duodenal papilla cholecystectomy in Center of Digestive Endoscopy， Jilin People’s Hospital， from May 2022 to June 2024， and related data were collected， including the success rate of surgery， the technical success rate of gallbladder polyp removal， the superselective method of cystic duct， the time of operation， the time of gallbladder polyp removal， and surgical complications. ResultsBoth the success rate of surgery and the technical success rate of gallbladder polyp removal reached 100%， and of all eight patients， three patients used guide wire to enter the gallbladder under direct view， while five patients received oral cholangiopancreatography to directly enter the gallbladder. The time of operation was 51.88±12.34 minutes， and the time of gallbladder polyp removal was 23.13±10.94 minutes. The diameter of gallbladder polyp was 2‍ ‍—‍ ‍8 mm， and pathological examination showed inflammatory polyps in three patients， adenomatous polyps in one patient， and cholesterol polyps in four patients. There were no complications during or after surgery. The patients were followed up for 2‍ ‍—‍ ‍27 months after surgery， and no recurrence of gallbladder polyp was observed. ConclusionOral cholangiopancreatography is technically safe and feasible in endoscopic major duodenal papilla cholecystectomy.

BACKGROUND:Sarcopenia refers to age-related progressive,systemic muscle mass reduction and/or muscle strength decline or muscle physiological function decline,which is related to the occurrence of a variety of adverse outcomes in older adults.Exercise is considered to be one of the main strategies for combating sarcopenia in older adults,but there is a lack of specific intervention methods of different exercise patterns to intervene in sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE:To elaborate the main influencing factors of sarcopenia and the research progress of different exercise methods to improve sarcopenia in older adults,providing reference and basis for combating sarcopenia in older adults. METHODS:Web of Science,PubMed,CNKI,VIP,WanFang databases were retrieved for relevant literature published from January 2000 to October 2023 using the keywords of"sarcopenia,sport,exercise intervention,resistant training,aerobic exercise,whole body vibration training,mixed training,physical performance,muscle strength,muscle mass"in Chinese and English,respectively.A total of 126 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Resistance exercise is still the most effective way to prevent and treat senile sarcopenia,and the effect of high-intensity resistance exercise is more significant.However,in practical application,we should pay attention to the gradual increase of training load intensity.Aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise is more effective to improve muscle mass and function in the elderly than a single exercise mode.It is suggested that older adults can carry out the transition of low-intensity aerobic exercise in the early stage and increase resistance exercise individually in the late stage.Whole body vibration training is a new treatment method for the prevention and treatment of senile sarcopenia,but particular attention should be paid to the effects of frequency,amplitude,and duration on patients during practical application.Multicomponent exercise combines different exercise modes,which can give full play to their respective advantages,so as to personalize exercise interventions.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of Xpert MTB/RIF combined with metagenic high-throughput sequencing in bacterial negative tuberculosis.Methods Retrospective analysis of 70 patients diagnosed with bacterial negative pulmonary tuberculosis from December 2019 to May 2022 enrolled in the study.Xpert MTB/RIF testing,high-throughput metagenomic sequencing,and a combination of the two were performed,respectively.Solid culture and proportional methods were used to diagnose biochemical pathogens and analyze diagnostic efficacy.The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn with the predicted value.Results The positive rate of Xpert MTB/RIF diagnosis was 75.57%,and the negative rate was 21.43%.The positive rate of high-throughput sequencing for metagenomics was 78.57%,while the negative rate was 21.43%;The positive rate of combined diagnosis was 88.57%,and the negative rate was 11.43%.The detection sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF was 77.55%,the specificity was 59.86%,and the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.827.The sensitivity of high-throughput sequencing for metagenomes was 77.47%,the specificity was 61.02%,and the AUC was 0.808.The sensitivity of the combined detection was 89.75%,the specificity was 89.57%,and the AUC was 0.925.The results showed that the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF combined with high-throughput metagenomic sequencing in bacterial negative pulmonary tuberculosis were higher than those of single detection(P<0.05).Conclusion Xpert MTB/RIF combined with metagenic high-throughput sequencing has good application value in the diagnosis of bacterial negative pulmonary tuberculosis,and is worthy of clinical application.

Black triangles can be formed due to the defect or absence of the gingival papilla, which increases the risks of food impaction, caries, and periodontal disease, and affects the esthetics of anterior teeth. The incidence of black triangles after orthodontic treatment is from 38% to 58%. The formation of black triangles is influenced by patient-related factors and factors related to orthodontic treatment. This article discusses the factors related to orthodontic treatment and the formation of interdental black triangles and provides reference for preventing the formation of this problem.

Objective:To investigate the effects of compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules on joint function and gut microbiota in patients with Kashin-Beck disease.Methods:A single group pre- and post-experimental design was conducted, the patients with Kashin-Beck disease were selected as the subjects in Xunyi County, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province; and treated with oral administration of compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules (12 g/bag, 1 bag/time, 3 times/day) for a period of 1 month. The improvement of joint function was evaluated using the joint dysfunction index scoring method before and after treatment. Morning stool samples of patients were collected and the changes in gut microbiota were analyzed before and after treatment using 16S rDNA sequencing technology.Results:A total of 87 patients with Kashin-Beck disease were included, including 44 males and 43 females; the age was (60.38 ± 7.12) years old, and the body mass index was (23.67 ± 3.59) kg/m 2. The comprehensive scores of joint dysfunction index for patients with Kashin-Beck disease before and after treatment were (7.27 ± 2.05) and (5.86 ± 2.01) points, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.88, P < 0.001). The sequencing results of gut microbiota showed that there were statistically significant differences in the alpha diversity (chao1, observed species index) and beta diversity of gut microbiota in patients with Kashin-Beck disease before and after treatment ( Z = - 5.08, - 5.03, R = 0.09, P < 0.001). In the distribution of gut microbiota, Firmicutes was the dominant phylum, with relative abundances of 50.21% and 52.09% before and after treatment, respectively; the Bifidobacterium was the dominant bacterial genus, with relative abundances of 16.83% and 18.81% before and after treatment, respectively. At the genus level, a total of 17 gut microbiota genera were screened out, among which the relative abundances of Hafnia-Obesumbacterium, Gammaproteobacteria_unclassified, Acinetobacter, Pantoea, Leuconostoc, and Akkermanisia were significantly higher than before treatment ( Z = - 2.40, - 2.24, - 2.06, - 3.59, - 2.24, - 2.11, P < 0.05). The relative abundances of Dubosiella, Selenomonas, Anaeroplasma, Lachnospiraceae_ NK4A136_group, Rikenella, Prevotella, Megasphaera, Lactobacillus, Prevotella-9, Phascolarctobacterium, and Desulfovibrio were significantly lower than before treatment ( Z = - 9.38, - 2.61, - 2.18, - 8.43, - 2.45, - 2.46, - 2.49, - 7.29, - 2.29, - 2.55, - 2.08, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules can effectively improve the joint function of patients with Kashin-Beck disease, and alter the diversity and richness of the gut microbiota community. It may reduce clinical symptoms in patients by regulating the structure of gut microbiota.

Occlusal plane (OP) is one of the essential factors affecting craniofacial morphology and function. The OP not only assists in diagnosing malocclusion but also serves as an important reference for making treatment plans. Patients with different types of malocclusions have different forms of OP. Compared with patients with standard skeletal facial type, the occlusal plane of patients with skeletal class Ⅱ and high angle is steeper, while that of patients with skeletal class Ⅲ and low angle is more even. In orthodontic treatment, adjusting and controlling the OP can promote the normal growth and development of the mandible in most patients with malocclusion during the early stage of growth, while causing favorable rotation of the mandible in some adults with mild-to-moderate malocclusion. For moderate-to-severe malocclusion, the OP rotation by orthodontic-orthognathic treatment can achieve better long-term stability. This article reviews the evolution of the definition of OP and its implications for diagnosing and the guiding treatment of malocclusion.
Adult ; Humans ; Dental Occlusion ; Maxilla ; Cephalometry ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Mandible

Objective To study the value of postmortem imaging on the diagnosis of intestinal perforation.Method Postmortem imaging(PMCT and PMCTA)data of 2 intestinal perforation deaths(and 4 controlled cases)were reviewed retrospectively.Diagnosing capacities of intestinal perforation by postmortem imaging method were further investigated.Results PMCT is sensitive in detecting the free air and liquid induced by intestinal perforation.PMCT can sometimes detect the gravity-dependent purulent secretions in the abdominopelvic cavity.PMCTA can visualize the extravasation of contrast agent from the perforation,which can be used to locate the accurate perforation region.Conclusion Postmortem imaging method(PMCT and PMCTA)is an important tool for the diagnosis of intestinal perforation,which can not only be used as a forensic diagnosis method,but is also useful to locate the perforation site before an forensic autopsy.

Objective:To study the effect of video teaching combined with offline training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for new nurses outside hospital.Methods:From August 2017 to August 2018, 125 new nurses from Shanghai Changzheng Hospital were selected. New nurses in August 2017 were set as control group ( n=65). In August 2018, the new nurses were set as the observation group ( n=60). The control group used the traditional offline training mode to train cardiopulmonary resuscitation outside the hospital. The observation group used information platform video teaching combined with offline theoretical training to carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. After systematic training, the results of cardiopulmonary resuscitation after training and the satisfaction of teaching were compared between the two groups. Results:Before training, there was no significant difference in the assessment results of cardiopulmonary resuscitation theory and operation between the two groups ( t values were 0.12, 1.23, P>0.05). After training the scores of cardiopulmonary resuscitation theory and operation examination in the observation group were 85.41±3.20, 92.40±2.50, and 82.52±4.50, 85.0±3.60 in the control group ( t value was 1.04,4.24, all P<0.05). Encouraging and enhancing the learning interest of new nurses, cultivating mutual supervision and mutual guidance, integrating theoretical knowledge with practical operation, improving and adjusting self-motivation, overall evaluation of teaching methods and total score in the observation group were 3.61±0.34, 3.54±0.20, 3.61±0.28, 3.87±0.20, 3.32±0.21, 17.95±0.26, and 2.60±0.41, 2.41±0.16, 2.55±0.35, 2.41±0.46, 2.58±0.20,12.55±0.32 in the control group ( t value was 2.187-2.452, P<0.05). Conclusion:Video teaching combined with offline training can improve the performance of new nurses in the training of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, stimulate the learning interest of nurses, and enhance the effect of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation training.

Objective:This study aims to compare the application value of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA ) and deep learning model inprediction and analysis of liposuction operation data.Methods:The patients who met inclusion criteria and underwent liposuction surgery in the Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2019 to September 2019 were enrolled in this study. For each patient, 250~400 s operation data including kinematics and mechanical data were collected by a senior plastic surgeon, usingthe liposuction operation recording system which consists of optical tracking and force sensing equipment. After pretreatment, the collected data were divided into one liposuction reciprocating cycle as one set of data. ARIMA model and deep learning model were used to analyze the collected datafor establishing prediction models of liposuction operation. Using Matlab2017, 30 couplesofliposuction data setwereextractedby simple random sampling, andthe DTW valueofeachcoupleofdatasetswascalculated as test standard. Then, the DTW values between 30 sets of predicted data and actual data based on the ARIMA model and the deep learning model were calculated respectively and compared with the test standard to verify the prediction result of the two models. Matlab2017 was used for statistical analysis. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the two groups, and P<0. 05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.Results:18 patients were enrolled. All patients were females at 23-49 years old, with the mean age of 36. 6 years old. Liposuction was performed in the abdomen, thighs, and waist. A total of 16 800 sets of liposuction cycle data were obtained. The mean DTW value of test standard was 0. 048±0. 028. The meanDTW value between the ARIMA model predicted data and the actual data was 0. 660±0. 577, which was statistically significant compared with the test standard ( P< 0. 05) . The meanDTW value between the deep learning model predicted data and the actual data was 0. 052±0. 030, which was no significant difference compared with the test standard ( P> 0. 05 ). Conclusions:Compared with ARIMA model, deep learning model can predict liposuction operation data more accurately, and has better adaptability and real-time performance.

Objective:This study aims to compare the applicability value of autoregressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA) and deep learning model inprediction and analysis of liposuction operation data.Methods:The patients who met inclusion criteria and underwent liposuction surgery in the Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2019 to September 2019 were enrolled in this study. For each patient, 250-400 s operation data including kinematics and mechanical data were collected by a senior plastic surgeon, using the liposuction operation recording system which consists of optical tracking and force sensing equipment. After pretreatment, the collected data were divided into one liposuction reciprocating cycle as one set of data. ARIMA model and deep learning model were used to analyze the collected data for establishing prediction models of liposuction operation. Using Matlab 2017, 30 couples of liposuction data set were extracted by simple random sampling, and the dynamic time warping (DTW) value of each couple of data sets was calculated as test standard. Then, the DTW values between 30 sets of predicted data and actual data based on the ARIMA model and the deep learning model were calculated respectively and compared with the test standard to verify the prediction results of the two models. Matlab 2017 was used for statistical analysis. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the two groups, and P<0.05 indicated statistically significant difference. Results:Eighteen patients were enrolled. All patients were females at 23-49 years old, with the mean age of 36.6 years old. Liposuction was performed in the abdomen, thighs, and waist. A total of 16 800 sets of liposuction cycle data were obtained. The mean DTW value of test standard was 0.048±0.028. The mean DTW value between the ARIMA model predicted data and the actual data was 0.660±0.577, which was statistically significant compared with the test standard ( P<0.05). The mean DTW value between the deep learning model predicted data and the actual data was 0.052±0.030, which was not significantly different compared to the test standard ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with ARIMA model, deep learning model can predict liposuction operation data more accurately, and has better adaptability and real-time performance.