Objective:To explore the mediating role of insomnia between childhood trauma and suicide risk in middle school students.Methods:Childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ), insomnia severity index(ISI) and suicidal behaviors questionnaire-revised(SBQ-R) were used to investigate 3 442 middle school students.According to the total score of the SBQ-R, those who scored less than or equal to 6 were divided into low suicide risk group, and those who scored more than or equal to 7 were divided into high suicide risk group.In this study, there were 2 168 students in the low suicide risk group and 1 274 students in the high suicide risk group.SPSSAU 21.0 online statistical software was used for common method deviation test, descriptive statistics, variance analysis and correlation analysis, and structural equation model was constructed, and Bootstrap method was used for mediation effect test.Results:(1) There were statistically significant differences between the high suicide risk group and the low suicide risk group in terms of grade and gender( χ2=11.144, 83.737, both P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in the types of childhood trauma and the severity of insomnia( χ2=292.211, 333.998, both P<0.05). (2) The total score of childhood trauma in the high suicide risk group (43.92±10.50) was higher than that in the low suicide risk group (37.74±6.93) ( F=351.78, P<0.01), and the score of insomnia in the high suicide risk group (10.66±5.54) was higher than that in the low suicide risk group (7.04±4.76) ( F=379.25, P<0.01). (3)The total score of childhood trauma was positively correlated with the score of suicide risk ( r=0.415, P<0.01), and the total score of childhood trauma was positively correlated with the score of insomnia ( r=0.306, P<0.01), and the score of insomnia was significantly positively correlated with the score of suicide risk ( r=0.399, P<0.01). After controlling for demographic data, anxiety and depression, the correlation was still significant ( P<0.01). (4) Path analysis and mediation test showed that childhood trauma had a positive effect on insomnia ( β=0.30, P<0.01), insomnia had a positive effect on suicide risk ( β=0.29, P<0.01), and childhood trauma had a positive effect on suicide risk ( β=0.33, P<0.01). The mediating effect of insomnia accounted for 21.21% of the total effect.After controlling for demographic data, anxiety and depression, the mediating effect accounted for 10.66% of the total effect. Conclusion:Childhood trauma and insomnia have a significant impact on the suicide risk among middle school students.Insomnia plays a partial mediating role between childhood trauma and middle school students' suicide risk.Timely management of the sleep disturbances of traumatized individuals can reduce the suicide risk among middle school students.

Necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)is a common intestinal inflammatory disease in neonates, especially in premature infants, and still lack effective prevention and treatment methods.It has been reported that breast milk can effectively reduce the incidence of NEC.As an important component of breast milk, lipids provide key fat-soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids, and have the functions of maintaining intestinal function, promoting neurodevelopment and regulating immunity.Lipids are more abundant in premature breast milk.Therefore, its role in the prevention and treatment of common complications of premature infants, such as NEC, has been gradually paid attention to.This article reviews the progress of breast milk lipids in the prevention and treatment of neonatal NEC.

Objective:To investigate the multilocus sequence typing feature of the virulence-associated genes of Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) separated from the clinical specimens of a multi-center cohort children in Guangzhou area. Methods:A total number of 412 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from 2 059 non-repeated fecal specimens of children by three groups′ researchers in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from August 2018 to November 2018. While collecting specimens, patient clinical information is also properly collected and preserved. After extracting the DNA of the strain, the virulence-associated genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), including the staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes ( sea, seb, sec, sed, see) and the Panton-Valentine leucocidin-encoding gene ( pvl).The multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) method was performed to reveal the MLST feature of these genes and the statistical difference were examined by the the χ 2 test. Results:Among the 412 isolates of S. aureus, 256 strains (256/412, 62.1%) contains at least one SE gene. Among the enterotoxin gens, the sec (125/412, 30.3%), seb(98/412, 23.8%)and sea (66/412, 16.0%)genes were the three most prevalent members of SEs. The frequency of pvl gene in Staphylococcus aureus was 18.7%(77/412).Among them, the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus sea gene isolated from patients with gastroenteritis (58/319, 18.2%) was significantly higher than that from the non-gastroenteritis group (8/93, 8.6%)(χ2=4.912, P=0.027). The frequency of Staphylococcus aureus pvl gene isolated from the patients with pneumonia (8/21, 38.1%) was greater than that from the non-pneumonia group (6/47, 12.8%)(χ2=4.252, P=0.039). In addition, the virulence-associated gene of S. aureus was closely related to the specific ST type, 82.4% (28/34) of ST6 carried sea gene, all ST338 and ST59 carried seb gene, 96% (48/50) ST45 carried sec gene, and the pvl gene carrying rate of ST338 was 5/5. Conclusions:The SEA toxin produced by ST6 Staphylococcus aureus may be closely related to the diagnosis of gastroenteritis in children. The frequency of pvl virulence gene in Staphylococcus aureus in children with community-acquired pneumonia was higher than that in the non-pneumonia group, and closely related to the CC59.

Objective:To investigate the willingness and influencing factors of mothers of very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to donate breast milk or accept donated breast milk.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 124 mothers of VLBWIs who were admitted to NICU of Children's Hospital of Fudan University from March to July 2019 were selected as investigation objects. The self-designed questionnaire was used to assess the willingness to donate breast milk, the willingness to accept breast milk donation and knowledge of breast milk donation. The survey was conducted by downloading the questionnaires through mobile terminals to analyze attitudes of mothers of VLBWIs towards breast milk donation and its influencing factors.Results:Among 124 mothers of VLBWIs, 51.6% (64/124) were reluctant to donate breast milk, mainly because they feared that the amount of breast milk after donation would affect the feeding of their children. 43.5% (54/124) did not want their children to receive donated breast milk, mainly because of doubts about the safety of donated breast milk. Adequate lactation was the main factor affecting the willingness to donate breast milk ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education on the safety of breastfeeding and breastmilk donation and improve the cognition of breastmilk donation.

Accelerated forgetting has been identified as a feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the therapeutic efficacy of the manipulation of biological mechanisms of forgetting has not been assessed in AD animal models. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), a small GTPase, has been shown to regulate active forgetting in Drosophila and mice. Here, we showed that Rac1 activity is aberrantly elevated in the hippocampal tissues of AD patients and AD animal models. Moreover, amyloid-beta 42 could induce Rac1 activation in cultured cells. The elevation of Rac1 activity not only accelerated 6-hour spatial memory decay in 3-month-old APP/PS1 mice, but also significantly contributed to severe memory loss in aged APP/PS1 mice. A similar age-dependent Rac1 activity-based memory loss was also observed in an AD fly model. Moreover, inhibition of Rac1 activity could ameliorate cognitive defects and synaptic plasticity in AD animal models. Finally, two novel compounds, identified through behavioral screening of a randomly selected pool of brain permeable small molecules for their positive effect in rescuing memory loss in both fly and mouse models, were found to be capable of inhibiting Rac1 activity. Thus, multiple lines of evidence corroborate in supporting the idea that inhibition of Rac1 activity is effective for treating AD-related memory loss.

Objective To study the influence of different placing time of child peripheral blood on blood routine parameters in order to increase the working efficiency of clinical blood routine test.Methods Each 300 μL of peripheral blood was collected from the right hand ring finger in 50 healthy children in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016.The blood routine was performed by using the whole blood cells analyzer at instantly after blood collection,at 0,5,10,15,30 min after blood collection under the room temperature (20 to 25 ℃).Results With the measured results at 15 min as the control,the detection results at the other times points had no statistical difference (P>0.05).Compared with the detection results at 5 min,the white blood cell count(WBC) and platelet volume distribution width (PDW),lymphocyte absolute value (LYM),neutrophil percentage absolute value (NEU),platelet count (PLT),red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW),hemotocrit (HCT) and plateletcrit(PCT) were statistically different (P<0.05).Conclusion Reasonably arranging time,eliminating pre-analysis error and reducing the influence of peripheral blood placing time on blood routine parameters have an important significance to accurately judge the clinical dat.It is recommended that the blood routine detection time should be controlled within 10-30 min in order to increase the working efficiency of clinical detections.

Objective:To explore the grey matter concentration in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression.Methods:Thirty individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression and thirty age-and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study,and they were subjected to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination.The grey matter concentration differences were compared between the two groups by using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) following MRI.Results:Individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression showed significantly lower grey matter density in bilateral insular,left cerebellum,right supplementary motor area,and left precentral gyrus than those in the healthy controls,while the healthy controls showed significantly lower grey density in the right inferior frontal gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus,and left cuneus than those in the individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression.Conclusion:Structural brain abnormalities in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression might be the neural basis for cognitive vulnerability to depression.

Objective To investigate the infection and epidemiological characteristics of group A rotavirus (RV-A)and adenovirus in children with diarrhea in Guangzhou. Methods The colloidal gold technique was used to detect RV.A and adenovirus antigen in 2,171 stool samples from children with diarrhea in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from January to December 2015,and the data were statistically analyzed. Results Among the 2,171 patients,the positive rate of RV-A infection was 17.96%and that of adenovirus infection 8.66%, and the co-infection rate of both virus was 3.45%. The positive rates between different genders were not significantly different(P > 0.05);the infectious time peak of RV-A was January(40.78%),followed by December(39.24%) and February(32.61%)and that of adenovirus infection was July(15.89%)and May(15.79%). The infectious peak of RV-A and adenovirus was December(7.29%),followed by January(7.01%). The peak age of infection ranged from 1y to 3y. Conclusion RV-A and adenovirus are the main pathogens of children diarrhea ,and the onset of virus infection has obvious seasonal change.

Objective To examine the effects of a functional polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene on spontaneous brain activity in healthy male adolescents.Methods Resting-state fMRI was performed on 31 healthy male adolescents with the low-activity MAOA genotype (MAOA-L) and 25 healthy male adolescents with the high-activity MAOA genotype (MAOA-H).The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal was calculated using REST software,and was compared between two genotype groups.The region ROIs showed significant difference.The ALFF data in ROIs were related to BIS scores.Results Compared with the MAOA-H group,the MAOA-L group showed a significant decrease of ALFF (P＜0.001) in the pons (MNI coordinates:-6,-19,-23;6,-16,-17;-6,-25,-32).In addition,the BIS scores were positively correlated with ALFF in pons in the MAOA-L group (r=0.398,P=0.02),but not in the MAOA-H group.Conclusions There exists relevance between the polymorphism of MAOA and the spontaneous brain activity in pons.And the lower activity of spontaneous brain activity in pons may be a key risk factor for impulsivity and aggression.

Objective To investigate the recheck rule by investigating the coincidence rate of the results detected by the LabU‐Mat urine dry chemistry analyzer and the Urised tangible composition analyzer with the results detected by the microscope examina‐tion .Methods 1 040 urine specimens from children outpatients and children inpatients were collected .Firstly ,the specimens were analyzed by the LabUMat urine dry chemistry analyzer and the Urised tangible composition analyzer ,and then detected by using the microscopic examination for investigating the recheck rule of the routine analysis by the urine automatic analyzer ;the regulation was evaluated by the missed detection rate ,and then the recheck rule avoiding the missed diagnosis of abnormal renal function was also evaluated .Finally ,clinically verify the rules adopting 200 specimens to perform the clinical verification on this recheck rule .Results Among the specimens used for researching the recheck rule ,the specimens of positive microscope examination results accounted for 58 .65% ,the specimens of negative results accounted for 41 .35% .In the positive detection specimens ,the specimens of RBC positive were the majority ,accounting for 50% ,the specimens of WBC positive accounted for 23 .08% and the specimens of CAST positive accounted for 7 .69% .The coincidence rate of the set rule was 87 .5% and the missed detection rate was 2 .9% .In conduc‐ting the verification on the recheck rule by 200 urine specimens ,the coincidence rate was 89 .52% and the missed detection rate was 2 .4% .Conclusion When the detection results of occult blood(BLD) ,WBC(LEU) and protein(PRO) by the dry chemistry analyzer and the detection results of RBC ,WBC ,CAST by the tangible composition analyzer are inconsistent or the differences among them are beyond 2 grades of differential ,the recheck by the microscopic examination should be performed .