[Objective] To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complicated with underactive bladder (UAB) who respond poorly to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). [Methods] A retrospective analysis was performed on 10 patients with BPH and UAB treated with TURP by the same surgeon in Zhongda Hospital Southeast University during Jan.2018 and Jan.2023.The residual urine volume was not significantly relieved after operation, and the maximum urine flow rate and urine volume per discharge were not significantly improved.All patients underwent phase I SNM, and urinary diaries were recorded before and after surgery to observe the average daily frequency of urination, volume per urination, maximum urine flow rate, and residual urine volume. [Results] The operation time was (97.6±11.2) min.During the postoperative test of 2-4 weeks, if the residual urine volume reduction by more than 50% was deemed as effective, SNM was effective in 6 patients (60.0%). Compared with preoperative results, the daily frequency of urination [(20.2±3.8) times vs. (13.2±3.2) times], volume per urination [(119.2±56.7) mL vs. (246.5±59.2) mL], maximum urine flow rate [(8.7±1.5) mL/s vs. (16.5±2.6) mL/s], and residual urine volume [(222.5±55.0) mL vs. (80.8±16.0) mL] were significantly improved, with statistical significance (P<0.05). There were no complications such as bleeding, infection, fever or pain.The 6 patients who had effective outcomes successfully completed phase II surgery, and the fistula was removed.During the follow-up of 1 year, the curative effect was stable, and there were no complications such as electrode displacement, incision infection, or pain in the irritation sites.The residual urine volume of the other 4 unsuccessful patients did not improve significantly, and the electrodes were removed and the vesicostomy tube was retained. [Conclusion] SNM is safe and effective in the treatment of BPH with UAB patients with poor curative effects after TURP.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of robot-assisted modified Y-shaped ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction，so as to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods: The clinical data of 44 patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy，lymph node dissection，and modified Y-shaped ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction during Feb.2020 and Aug.2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The surgical position，Trocar position，and key surgical steps were reported.The perioperative conditions，postoperative complications，neobladder volume，maximum urinary flow rate，postvoid residual，renal function，and urinary control function were recorded. Results: All 44 surgeries were successfully completed，with operation time of (314.32±51.02) min，modified Y-shaped ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction time of (103.52±9.56) min，and bleeding volume of (128.18±57.27) mL.The postoperative time for fluid intake was (4.16±0.86) days，catheter indwelling time was (14.02±3.20) days，and patients were discharged 1 to 2 days after catheter removal.Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ complications occurred in 15 and 2 patients，respectively.During the follow-up of (20.77±5.90) months，dysuria occurred in 1 case，urethral calculi in 2 cases，and incomplete bowel obstruction in 2 cases. The postoperative neobladder capacity was (195.75±15.51) mL，maximal urinary flow rate (20.30±2.05) mL/s，postvoid residual (19.86±13.80) mL and serum creatinine (81.98±25.97) μmol/L. The incidence of daytime and nocturnal urinary incontinence 3，6 and 12 months after operation were 20.45% and 29.55%，11.36% and 18.18%，and 4.55% and 9.09%，respectively. Conclusion: Robot-assisted modified Y-shaped ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction has favorable efficacy and safety，and low incidence of postoperative complications，which can be applied in clinical practice.

Heart failure is the leading cause of death in cardiovascular diseases.Despite effectiveness of current clinical treatment,it is not satisfactory in general,so more effective and optimal therapies are under seeking.All available evidences show that cardiac muscles have limited regenerative capacity in adult mammals,while some vertebrates,such as zebrafish and salamander,can completely recover through perfect regeneration following myocardial injury.In-depth investigation into underlying mechanism may facilitate the development of human heart's potential of scarless healing.In this review paper,we summarized recent progresses in distinct cardiac regenerative capacity and their main influencing factors of several model animals through comparative analysis.

Objective To observe the intervention effect of vitamin C (Vit C) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on myocardial fibrosis in rats.Methods Forty male SD rats were selected,body weight were 125-140 g,and they were divided into 8 groups according to body weight using a random number table method.Four rats for control group,3 rats for model group,6 rats for Vit C early group,6 rats for ATP early group,6 rats for Vit C + ATP early group,5 rats for Vit C late group,5 rats for ATP late group,and 5 rats for Vit C + ATP late group.Rats in model group and these intervention groups were induced with doxorubicin (2 mg/kg each week) for 6 weeks,and control group was given the same amount of normal saline.All early groups were intragastrically administered with Vit C (200 mg·kg-1·d-1),ATP (45 mg·kg-1·d-1) and Vit C + ATP (200 mg·kg-1·d-1 + 45 mg·kg-1 ·d-1) in the fourth week;these late groups were intragastrically administered with the same dose in the sixth week;each group was continuously administered for 21 days.Three days after the last intervention,cardiac ultrasonography was performed in all surviving rats,and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were recorded.The rats were sacrificed and the hearts were taken.HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of myocardial tissue and the collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculate.Serum cardiac troponin Ⅰ (CTn-Ⅰ) and type Ⅰ procollagen amino terminal peptide (PINP) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Compared with control group [(3.65 ± 0.25) mm,(80.63 ± 3.03)％,(43.57 ± 2.54)％],LVESD [(5.07 ± 0.58),(4.06 ± 0.68),(4.71 ± 0.43),(4.87 ± 0.44),(4.79 ± 0.59),(5.07 ± 0.62),(4.97 ± 0.29) mm] of model group and each intervention groups were increased,LVEF [(62.17 ± 4.92)％,(71.28 ± 3.54)％,(65.03 ± 3.35)％,(59.81 ± 2.45)％,(60.42 ± 9.22)％,(60.15 ± 3.06)％,(60.65 ± 2.05)％],and LVFS [(30.05 ± 2.95)％,(36.44 ± 2.90)％,(31.63 ± 2.15)％,(26.95 ± 1.05)％,(28.35 ± 6.84)％,(27.79 ± 2.41)％,(28.38 ± 1.42)％] were decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with model group,LVESD was decreased,LVEF and LVFS were increased in Vit C early group (P ＜ 0.05).HE staining showed that the myocardial pathology of each early group improved to different degrees,such as cardiomyocyte degeneration,necrosis and fibrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration,moderate degree of interstitial edema,Vit C early group and Vit C + ATP early group were more pronounced.Masson staining showed significant improvement in fibrosis in the Vit C early group and Vit C + ATP early group,and collagen fibers were significantly reduced.Compared with the control group [(0.52 ± 0.14)％],the CVF [(27.11 ± 5.05)％,(9.80 ± 1.84)％,(16.55 ± 2.21)％,(5.06 ± 1.45)％,(12.11 ± 2.12)％,(15.71 ± 1.56)％,(16.93 ± 2.76)％] of myocardial tissue in model group and each intervention groups were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in CTn-Ⅰ and PINP levels between the eight groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Vit C can reduce myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac function in the early stage.The effect of ATP alone to improve fibrosis is not obvious.

Recent studies have overturned the previous belief that adult cardiocyte had been thought to permanently withdraw from cell-cycle activity.At present,targeting cardiocyte proliferation is one of current major therapeutic strategies for myocardial injury and repair following injury.Therefore,the author review the research progress in cell-cycle regulation of cardiocyte proliferation by systematically searched the relevant studies.

Objective To carry out a pilot investigation into fungus diversity in corn samples harvested from Keshan disease areas and obtain the information of dominant fungi,to predict possible secondary toxins in future study.Methods In Keshan disease areas (Heshui County and Zhengning County of Gansu Province,Yuanbao Town of Heilongjiang Province) and non-Keshan disease area (Harbin suburbs of Heilongjiang Province),5 samples of newly harvested corn from local plants were collected via the simple random sampling method,and the samples (n =20) were put in a sterile bags and sealed,numbered and transported to laboratory,placed in the incubator for cultivating mould fungi,cuhured for 2 weeks,and fungal DNA was extracted.The DNA samples were sent to Beijing Auwegene Technology Co Ltd for quality inspection,and sequencing analysis of fungal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region was done using modern high-throughput DNA sequencing technique and MiSeq PE3000 platform,the rationality of sequencing data was analyzed through the rarefaction curve and the Shannon-Wiener curve trend to be gentle or not,and the true condition of the fungal community in the sample was tested by species composition Coverage ＞ 99％ or not,the difference in fungal community was studied between Keshan disease group and non-Keshan disease group based on the relative abundance of the fungal species in each group.Results A total of 513 869 high quality sequences were obtained,and 528 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) classifications were produced.The trend of rarefaction curve and Shannon-Wiener curve were gradually flattening,they showed that the sequences of the data were reasonable;and coverage ＞ 99％ showed that data could reflect the true situation of the fungal community.Analysis of species composition showed that there was a great overlap of fungal species between Keshan disease group and non-Keshan disease group,the relative abundance of the genus Wickerhamomyces,Candida and Aspergillus in Keshan disease group were higher than that of non-Keshan disease group.Conclusion Genus Wickerhamomyces,Candida and Aspergillus may be the dominant fungi associated with Keshan disease,it can be considered for secondary toxins studies.

Objective To explore expression level of circulating microRNA (miR)-133a and Galectin-3 and their potential clinical application in differential diagnosis between patients with chronic Keshan disease and dilated cardiomyopathy.Methods Twenty-eight patients with chronic Keshan disease and 28 cases of age-and sex-matched healthy people as control from the same severe historical endemic areas of Keshan disease in Heilongjiang Province,and another 28 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy from non-affected areas were chosen for the study.All the subjects were asked for disease history and did physical examination,examined by Doppler echocardiography for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD),and collected fasting venous blood specimen (elbow vein).The plasma miR-133a and the serum Galectin-3 were determined by Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent method,respectively.Meanwhile,the correlation was analyzed between miR-133a,galectin-3,LVEF and LVEDD.Results The miR-133a and Galectin-3 levels in different groups were statistically different (F =48.789,9.485,P ＜ 0.01).The plasma miR-133a level in chronic Keshan disease group and dilated cardiomyopathy group [median (quartile):0.394 (0.271,0.770),1.665 (0.943,2.713)] were both significantly lower than those in control group [2.382 (1.502,3.302],P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05],and the plasma miR-133a level in chronic Keshan disease group was lower than that in dilated cardiomyopathy group (P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant difference of serum Galectin-3 level between chronic Keshan disease group and dilated cardiomyopathy group [17.710 (9.624,27.799),12.692 (9.376,26.290) μg/L,P ＞ 0.05],but both were significantly higher than those in control group [8.070 (7.135,9.308) μg/L,P ＜ 0.01].The miR-133a was positively correlated with LVEF (rs =0.297,P ＜ 0.01),while negatively correlated with LVEDD,and Galectin-3 (rs =-0.271,-0.318,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01);the serum Galectin-3 was negatively correlated with LVEF (rs =-0.392,P ＜ 0.01),and positively correlated with LVEDD (rs =0.385,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The combined application of miR-133a,Galectin-3,LVEF and LVEDD may provide assistance in clinical differential diagnosis of chronic Keshan disease and dilated cardiomyopathy.

Purpose To study the expression of HK2 in human prostate cancer (PCa) tissues and its effect on malignant phenotype of prostate cancer cells.Methods HK2 expression in PCa tissues was determined by microarray database and immunohistochemical staining.Subsequently,the change of cellular phenotype was detected by glycometabolism kit,CCK-8 kit,and flow cytometry after HK2 knockdown.Results HK2 expression was elevated followed by prostate cancer development.HK2 depletion inhibited cellular proliferation and aerobic glycolysis,and increased the ratio of early apoptosis.Conclusion HK2 expression increases in the process of PCa malignant progression.It plays a critical role in cellular proliferation,glycometabolism,and apoptosis,the mechanism of which needs further exploration.

AIM: To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species ( ROS)-mediated mitochondrial oxidative injury in isonicotinyl hydrazide ( INH)-induced DNA damage and the protective effect of quercetin on L-02 cells.ME-THODS:The injury model of hepatocyte L-02cells in vitro induced by INH was established .The cells were divided into control group, INH group, low-dose quercetin group and high-dose quercetin group.The DNA damage of L-02 cells was evaluated by the comet test .The mitochondrion was prepared , and the level of mitochondrial ROS and the value of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) were detected by fluorescent probes DCFH-DA and rhodamine 123.The content of MDA was measured by TBA method .The activity of SOD was assessed with the xanthine oxidase method .The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was determined by Western blotting , and the value of Bax/Bcl-2 was calculated .RESULTS:INH induced obvious DNA damage , increased the level of mitochondrial ROS , the content of MDA and the value of Bax/Bcl-2, and markedly reduced the value of ΔΨm and the activity of SOD in the L-02 cells.Quercetin attenuated DNA dam-age, reduced the level of mitochondrial ROS , elevated the value of ΔΨm , declined the content of MDA , increased the ac-tivity of SOD and decreased the value of Bax/Bcl-2 in the L-02 cells.CONCLUSION:INH induces DNA damage in L-02 cells by generation of mitochondrial oxidative stress .Quercetin has a protective effect on L-02 cells to attenuate the INH-in-duced DNA damage by inhibiting ROS-mediated mitochondrial oxidative damage .

OBJECTIVETo explore the incidence and genotypes of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene mutations among infertile patients in Shenzhen.

METHODSDNA samples from 851 infertile patients were tested for 25 G6PD gene mutation sites using a multiplex SNaPshot assay.

RESULTSThe incidence of G6PD gene mutations among infertile patients in Shenzhen was 17.63%. Male and female abnormal rates were 15.13% and 20.09% respectively. Most of the female abnormal cases were heterozygotes. Mutations involved 11 haplotypes in 10 sites. 1311C> T/IVS-11 93T> C was the most common mutation, accounting for 72.00% (108/150) abnormal cases. Forty three cases of missense mutations were detected, including 19 cases of 1376G> T, 9 cases of 1388G> A, 5 cases of 95A> G and 871G> A/1311C> T/IVS-11 93T> C, 1 case of 202G> A, 835A> T, 1360C> T, 1376G> T and 392G> T/1311C> T/IVS-11 93T> C.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of G6PD gene mutations among infertile patients in Shenzhen was high and the mutation types were various. Therefore, the G6PD deficiency genetic screening should be performed prior to assisted reproduction. This investigated results provided valuable basic data for genetic counseling, preimplantation genetic diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infertility, Female ; ethnology ; genetics ; Infertility, Male ; ethnology ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation