Objective:To study and design one kind of flash radiotherapy(Flash-RT)equipment with ultra-high dose rate,which can be used in the mechanism research of Flash-RT with ultra-high dose rate.Methods:Based on the technique roadmap of high-power petal accelerator,the Flash-RT equipment can realize the requirement of Flash-RT for ultra-high dose rate and multiple irradiation angles.The corresponding design and research work were carried out on the basis of the overall design of the equipment,the main components and characteristics,the dynamics design of beam,the construction of movable and preliminary experimental platform,etc.Result:The dose rate of the designed equipment can reach to 100 Gy/s at a distance of 0.8 meters from the target point,which is easy to realize the radiotherapy method with multi angles.Conclusion:The designed X-ray equipment based on the technique roadmap of high-power petal accelerator can realize the research for the mechanism of medical Flash-RT equipment with ultra-high dose rate.

The protection effect of flash-radiotherapy(Flash-RT)with super-high dose on normal tissue has obtained wide attention in therapeutic radiology since it was found in 2014 year.The increasing research demand of Flash-RT with super-high dose-rate proposed new challenge for the existing radiotherapy equipment.Based on the demands of FLASH-RT research and clinical application,this review analyzed the proposed new requirement of Flash-RT for equipment,and introduce current scientific facilities with the experimental ability of X-ray FLASH-RT,as well as the situation of the specialized FLASH-RT equipment which were developing.The research of Flash-RT mechanism need the existing equipment with high-energy X-ray source develop toward high power,while the clinical application of Flash-RT demand these transient high-power devices should possess a series of radiotherapy techniques such as multi angle irradiation,conformal radiotherapy and others.Currently,China's X-ray FLASH-RT research is at the forefront of the world,which is expected to achieve the first breakthrough of high-end medical equipment in the X-ray Flash RT field.

Objective:To analyze the in vitro inhibitory effects of resveratrol on rabies virus. Methods:The challenge virus standard (CVS)-11 strain of rabies virus and BHK-21 cells were used to establish the infection model. In vitro inhibitory effects of resveratrol on rabies virus were analyzed at different stages of infection by direct immunofluorescence and cell fluorescence focus unit assay. Results:Without affecting cell growth, resveratrol could block the adsorption of virus, interfere with the entry of virus into cells and inhibit virus proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition rate could reach up to about 95%. The results of co-incubation experiment showed that 40 μmol/L resveratrol could directly kill the virus.Conclusions:This study indicated that resveratrol inhibited the activity of rabies virus in a concentration-dependent manner.

Objective:To summarize the different teaching models and their effects in evidence-based medicine at home and abroad by qualitative method and systematic review.Methods:We searched the following databases (from inception to 13 May, 2019): PubMed, Embase, Proquest, Cochrane, Web of Science database and the Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed and VIP). To assess data strength and validity, risk of bias assessments were undertaken.Results:A total of 52 literatures were included in this study, including 21 Chinese-language literature and 31 English-language literature. PBL teaching model, mixed teaching model and workshop teaching model were the three teaching models with the largest number of studies in 20 teaching models.Conclusion:The evidence-based medicine teaching effect was closely related to the teaching models, so it is necessary to explore more suitable teaching models for the evidence-based medicine to improve the teaching effects.

Objective To assess the gastric contents before cesarean section using antral cross-sectional area (CSA) measured by ultrasonography.Methods One hundred and seventy-seven American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients,aged 20-44 yr,undergoing cesarean section,were enrolled in this study.The antral CSA in the semi-recumbent and right lateral decubitus positions was measured through the ultrasound images of the antrum in the sagittal plane below xiphoid before anesthesia and qualitatively graded.Qualitative grade 0 was considered as the gold standard,and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of CSA in assessing the preoperative gastric contents was plotted.Results The critical value of ROC curve of CSA in the semi-recumbent position was 6.025 cm2.The critical value of ROC curve of CSA in the right lateral decubitus position was 9.095 cm2.Conclusion CSA ＜ 6.025 cm2 measured by ultrasonography in the semi-recumbent position or CSA＜9.095 cm2 measured by ultrasonography in the right lateral decubitus position can confirm that the gastric emptying state is achieved before cesarean section.

Objective To observe the effect of Baduanjin on mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods From January to June, 2016, 60 patients with MCI in community were randomly divided into control group (n=30) and training group (n=30). The training group accepted training of Baduanjin for six months, and the control group accepted no intervention. They were assessed with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before and after intervention; while the blood lipid, and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), acetylcholine (Ach), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected. Results The total score, and scores of visual space and executive function, abstract and delayed memory of MoCA were more in the training group than in the control group after intervention (t>3.576, P<0.01), while the level of total cholesterol, IL-6 and MDA decreased (t>2.744, P<0.05), and the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Ach and SOD increased (t>2.922, P<0.01). Conclusion Baduanjin can improve the cognitive function in MCI patients, as well as reducing blood fat, oxidation and inflammation. There may be some relationship between them.

Objective: To investigate the inactivating effect of soap solution on rabies virus and to explore the concentration of soap solutions which could be effective in post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of rabies virus infection. Methods: The BSR and N2a cells were respectively infected by the mixture of different concentrations of soap solution and rabies virus CVS-11. Based on the direct immunofluorescent method (DFA) and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), the inactivating effects of soap solutions on rabies viruse in BSR and N2a cells were detected, respectively. Results: This experiment established the BSR or N2a cells model in 24 well cell culture plates, and we found that the upper limit of soap solution concentration which BSR or N2a cells could tolerate was 1%. The inhibitory effect test of different soap solution on rabies virus showed that the 0.5% concentration of soap solution could completely inhibit the survival of CVS-11 strain in both the BSR and N2a cells, but the 0.1% concentration of soap solution could not inhibit the rabies viruses completely. Conclusions The 0.5%-1% concentration of soap solutions could inhibit the survival of CVS-11 strain in three minutes in vivo experiment.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features and trend of rabies in China in 2015,and explore the prevention and control strategies.Methods Based on the data from Chinese Infectious Disease Surveillance Reporting System and sentinel surveillance system in 6 provinces in 2015,a retrospective analysis was made using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 801 cases were reported by 27 provinces which decreased 13.78％ compared with those in 2014.Rabies mainly occurred in southern China,Tibet and Jilin reported a new case respectively in 2015.The rabies occurred in summer and fall commonly,and the majority of patients were farmers and old people.The ratio of male to female was 2.74∶ 1.109 epidemiological questionnaires were collected,the main exposure was caused by dogs and a few by cats.A total of 588 870 outpatients following the rabies exposure were reported,90.51％ of them received full course vaccination,and 12.95％ of them received passive biological immunity.Conclusions Rabies cases continued to decrease in 2015 and mainly occurred in southern China.The top provinces of reported cases were Guangxi,Henan,Hunan,Guizhou and Yunnan,the unreported provinces indicated a trend of increase.The patients were mainly farmers and old people.

BACKGROUND:Besides drug therapy, regenerative therapy is now a matter of global interest in treating osteoporosis. Therefore, it is also important to find better candidate cels. OBJECTIVE:To cognize the status of drug therapies for osteoporosis and stem cels as regenerative therapy. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed was performed by the first author to retrieve articles relevant to stem cel therapy for osteoporosis published from January 2000 to December 2014. The keywords were osteoporosis, drug therapy, bone regenerative medicine, stem cel therapy, which appeared in the title, abstract or keywords, and the relevant references were also looked up. Articles published recently or in authoritative journals were preferred, and finaly 39 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Yoshikazu Mikami and co-workers from Japan found two novel bone formation accelerators, SST-VEDI and SSH-BMI, which provides a new direction for related studies on drug therapy. Due to the osteogenesis ability, lack of ethical controversy and less damage, de-differentiated fat cels and pulp stem cels may be promising candidate cels for bone regeneration medicine.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells are a kind of adult stem cells with the potentials of self-replicating and multi-directional differentiation. Under certain conditions, the cells can develop into bone, cartilage and other types of cells. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factors can promote regeneration of mesenchymal stem cells.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the osteogenic induction effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors by animal experiment, and provide a better treatment method for clinical treatment of bone defect.
METHODS:Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into treatment group and model group. Al animals were removed 2 cm length of the right radial bone and the surrounding periosteum, and then implanted with demineralized bone matrix into the defect. The treatment group was subcutaneously injected with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 30μg/kg per day, the injection was started at preoperative 3 days and given for 7 continuous days. In control group, the same dose of physiological saline was injected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the treatment group, the number of mesenchymal stem cells, the quantity and quality of bone formation at bone defects were better than those in the model group. The experimental findings indicate that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor can obviously increase the number of mesenchymal stem cells and promote bone formation at the area of bone defect, which can contribute to early repair of bone defects.