Objective To use metabolomics method to study the metabolic profiles of amino acids and lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC)in the serum of rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),to identify biomarkers for NAFLD,and to speculate on the possible mechanism responsible for its occurrence.Methods NAFLD rats were prepared by feeding a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride.Levels of 15 LPCs and 18 amino acids in the serum were determined in control and NAFLD rats by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Changes in serum LPC and amino acid metabolic profiles in NAFLD rats were analyzed by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.Correlations between biomarkers and NAFLD were analyzed by Pearson's correlation analysis.Results The metabolic profiles of serum LPC and amino acids differed significantly between the NAFLD group and the control group and were completely distinct.LPC(20∶1),arginine,and glutamic acid had significant contributions to NAFLD and were identified as biomarkers.Furthermore,LPC(20∶1)and arginine were significantly correlated with serum biochemical indicators such as aspartate transaminase,alanine transaminase,low-density lipoprotein,and total bilirubin.Conclusions The metabolic profiles of serum LPC and amino acids may be closely related to NALFD.

[Purpose]To analyze the death causes of malignant tumor among residents in Qinghai Province from 2017 to 2021.[Methods]The death cause surveillance data and resident popula-tion data in Qinghai Province from 2017 to 2021 were collected.The crude mortality rate(CMR),age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population(ASMRC),composition of death,rank of cause of death were analyzed by Excel 2021 and SPSS 21.0 software.[Results]From 2017 to 2021,the CMR of all cancers of residents in Qinghai Province was 89.64/105,the ASMRC was 103.17/105.The cancer mortality rate of males was higher than that of females.The mortality rate of stomach cancer ranked the first,and followed by liver cancer,lung cancer,esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer.The top 10 cancer deaths accounted for 83.73％of all cancer deaths.Mortality increased with age,there were significant differences in cancer mortality rate among age groups.The cancer mortality rate was highest in pastoral areas,followed by rural areas and urban areas.The ranking of cancer deaths varied in different areas.Stomach cancer was the leading cause of death in rural and pastoral areas,while lung cancer was the leading cause in ur-ban areas.[Conclusion]The mortality rates of stomach,liver and lung cancers are high in Qinghai Province.The targeted and comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be taken ac-cording to the epidemic characteristics of malignant tumors in different regions and populations.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and the predictive value of Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR).Methods:Consecutive patients with AIS received IVT in Zhengzhou People’s Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. HT was defined as no intracranial hemorrhage was found on the first imaging examination after admission, and new intracranial hemorrhage was found on the imaging examination 24 h after IVT or when symptoms worsened. sHT was defined as HT and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score increased by ≥4 compared to admission or required surgical treatment such as intubation and decompressive craniectomy. The baseline clinical and laboratory data of the patients were collected, and NLR, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet to neutrophil ratio (PNR) were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors of HT and sHT, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of NLR for HT and sHT after IVT. Results:A total of 196 patients were included (age 65.37±13.10 years, 124 males [63.3%]). The median baseline NIHSS score was 4 (interquartile range: 2-10). Twenty patients (10.2%) developed HT, and 12 (6.1%) developed sHT. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age, baseline NIHSS score, creatinine, NLR, and stroke etiology type between the HT group and the non-HT group (all P<0.05); there were statistically significant differences in age, NLR, PNR, creatinine, baseline NIHSS score, and stroke etiological type between the sHT group and the non-sHT group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR was an independent predictor of HT (odds ratio [ OR] 1.375, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.132-1.670; P=0.001) and sHT ( OR 1.647, 95% CI 1.177-2.304; P=0.004) after IVT. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for predicting HT by NLR was 0.683 (95% CI 0.533-0.833; P=0.007), the optimal cutoff value was 5.78, the sensitivity and specificity were 55.0% and 84.1%, respectively. The area under the curve for predicting sHT by NLR was 0.784 (95% CI 0.720-0.839; P=0.001), the optimal cutoff value was 5.94, the sensitivity and specificity were 66.67% and 84.24%, respectively. Conclusions:A higher baseline NLR is associated with an increased risk of HT and sHT after IVT in patients with AIS, and can serve as a biomarker for predicting HT and sHT after IVT.

In recent years, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been widely used in many fields such as nanotechnology, biomedicine and environmental remediation due to their good electrical conductivity, photothermal properties and anticancer properties. In this study, the cell-free supernatant, whole cell and the cell-free extracts of the strain Cupriavidus sp. SHE were used to synthesize SeNPs, and several methods were applied to analyze the crystal structure and surface functional groups of the nanoparticles. Finally, Pseudomonas sp. PI1 (G⁺) and Escherichia coli BL21 (G⁻) were selected to investigate the antibacterial properties of SeNPs. Cell-free supernatant, whole cell and cell-free extracts of the strain could synthesize SeNPs. As for the cell-free supernatant, selenite concentration of 5 mmol/L and pH=7 were favorable for the synthesis of SeNPs. TEM images show that the average size of nanospheres synthesized by the supernatant was 196 nm. XRD analysis indicates the hexagonal crystals structure of SeNPs. FTIR and SDS-PAGE confirmed the proteins bound to the surfaces of SeNPs. SeNPs synthesized by cell-free supernatant showed no antimicrobial activities against Pseudomonas sp. PI1 and Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). These results suggest that proteins played an important role in biotransformation of SeNPs in an eco-friendly process, and SeNPs synthesized in this study were non-toxic and biologically compatible, which might be applied in other fields in the future.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; Cupriavidus ; metabolism ; Nanoparticles ; Selenious Acid ; analysis ; Selenium ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Objective To analyze the current status of bacterial spectrum and drug resistance in community-acquired biliary tract infection to provide a basis for clinical medication .Methods The patients with community-acquired biliary tract infection (ex-periment group) and the patients with biliary tract diseases without biliary tract infection (control group) derived from the native ar-ea treated in this hospital from September 2014 to January 2016 were selected .The bile juice was intraoperatively extracted for con-ducting the bacterial culture and drug susceptibility test .Results Thirteen specieses (60 strains) of bacteria were isolated in the ex-periment group .The top 3 specieses were Escherichia coli (35 .0% ) ,Klebsiella pneumonia (21 .7% ) and Enterobacter cloacae (10 .0% ) .Eight specieses (13 strains) of bacteria were isolated in the control group .The top 3 specieses were Escherichia coli (30 .8% ) ,Klebsiella pneumonia(15 .4% ) and Lactococcus garvieae (15 .4% ) .The proportions of drug resistant strains in the two groups were 95 .0% and 84 .6% respectively (P>0 .05) .The proportions of multiple drug resistant strains in the two groups were 30 .0% and 7 .7% respectively(P>0 .05) .The occurrence rates of multiple drug resistance in the top 3 specieses of bacteria in the experiment group were 61 .9% ,7 .7% and 16 .7% respectively .Conclusion The bacterial spectra of community-acquired acute bili-ary tract infection in the native area are dominated by Gram negative bacteria .The total bacterial drug resistance is serious ,but the drug resistance situation in different bacteria pathogens is different .

Anthrax is a highly lethal infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The major virulence factor of B. anthracis consists of protective antigen (PA), lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF). PA binds with LF to form lethal toxin (LT), and PA binds with EF to form edema toxin (ET). Antibiotics is hard to work in advanced anthrax infections, because injuries and deaths of the infected are mainly caused by lethal toxin (LT). Thus, the therapeutic neutralizing antibody is the most effective treatment of anthrax. Currently most of the anthrax toxin antibodies are monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for PA and US FDA has approved ABTHRAX humanized PA monoclonal antibody for the treatment of inhalational anthrax. Once B. anthracis was artificially reconstructed or PA had mutations within recognized neutralization epitopes, anti-PA MAbs would no longer be effective. Therefore, anti-LF MAbs is an important supplement for anthrax treatment. Most of the anti-LF antibodies are murine or chimeric antibodies. By contrast, fully human MAbs can avoid the high immunogenicity of murine antibodies. First, we used LF to immunize the transgenic mice and used fluorescent cell sorting to get antigen-specific memory B cells from transgenic mice spleen lymphocytes. By single cell PCR method, we quickly found two strains of anti-LF MAbs with binding activity, 1D7 and 2B9. Transiently transfected Expi 293F cells to obtain MAbs protein after purification. Both 1D7 and 2B9 efficiently neutralized LT in vitro, and had good synergistic effect when mixed with anti-PA MAbs. In summary, combining the advantages of transgenic mice, fluorescent cell sorting and single-cell PCR methods, this study shows new ideas and methods for the rapid screening of fully human monoclonal antibodies.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the changes in the renal function of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) or telbivudine (L-DT) monotherapy.

METHODSThis retrospective analysis involved 101 patients with CHB and liver cirrhosis receiving either ADV or L-DT monotherapy for 52 weeks. Serum creatinine, estimates of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and the percentage of patients with eGFR≥90 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) at week 52 were compared with the baseline data between the two groups.

RESULTSThe mean changes of CR at week 52 from baseline were +0.05 mg/dl in ADV group and -0.12 mg/dl in L-DT group, showing a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.000). No patient was found to have an elevation of creatinine over 0.50 mg/dl. The median change of eGFR at week 52 from baseline differed significantly between ADV and L-DT groups (-4.09 vs+18.32 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2), P=0.000). Ninety-two percent (12/13) of the patients with baseline eGFR<90 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) shifted to eGFR ≥90 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) after 52 weeks of L-DT treatment, as compared to 38% (3/8) in ADV group. The proportion of patients with eGFR≥90 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2) in L-DT group increased from 76.36% (42/55) at baseline to 94.55% (52/55) at week 52, while that in ADV group decreased from 82.61% (38/46) at baseline to 78.26% (36/46). The constituent ratios of eGFR at different levels were similar at baseline (P=0.443) but significantly different at week 52 between the two groups (P=0.015).

CONCLUSIONL-DT treatment is associated with a renoprotective effect in patients with CHB, but the mechanism remains unclear.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Thymidine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the expression of nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB) and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted chemokine(RANTES) during the formatiom of ascending aortic aneurysm. Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group(n=20) and the experimental group(n=20).The rat models were made by ligating the ascending aorta. The ascending aortas were taken after ligation for 3months. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to detect the protein expression of NF-κB and RANTES. The expression of NF-κB and RANTES mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Results Immunohistochemisry staining results showed NF-κB and RANTES expression significantly increased in aneurysm, while there was a little positive staining in the control group. RT-PCR results indicated that the expression levels of NF-κB and RANTES in the aneurysm were stonger than that of the control group. The expression of NF-κB and RANTES mRNA were remarkably correlated. Conclusion The expression of NF-κB and RANTES in ascendin aortic aneurysm are stronger than that in the control. NF-κB and RANTES may contribute to the pathogenesis of the ascending aortic aneurysm.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the bone remodeling in rabbits sinusitis model by CT scan and observing the CT manifestations and time sequence related tendency.METHODS Forty white rabbits(New Zealand) were divided into 5 groups and each group had 8 rabbits.After the sinusitis models were made by incomplete ostia-obstructed and inoculated staphylococcus,we choose one group to be detected by CT scan separately at each time point(2,4,6,8 and 12 weeks after operation).The items we are going to evaluate conclude bone destroy,bone proliferation and sclerosis,soft tissue change,homonymy nasal cavity,opposite side and subcutaneous soft tissue change.The main items were bone destroy,bone proliferation and sclerosis.RESULTS The changes in soft tissue,homonymy nasal cavity,opposite side and subcutaneous soft tissue appear in each group.The main bone manifestation of the change in 2weeks and 4weeks group is bone destroy,no evident bone proliferation and sclerosis.Bone destroy,bone proliferation and sclerosis coexist in the 6 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks group.The number of bone destroy and bone proliferation in 6weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks group is 7,7,6 and 3,5,7 separately.There weren't significant difference about other items among the groups.CONCLUSION The CT manifestations of bone remodeling feature in rabbits sinusitis model include bone destroy,bone proliferation and sclerosis.In the early phase,the main manifestation is bone destroy.While in the late phase(no less than 6 weeks),bone destroy and bone proliferation coexist and the bone proliferation become more obvious over time.

ObjectiveTo investigate the survival and migration of the neural stem cells(NSC) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circle of mice after ventricle transplantation. MethodsNSC labeled with green fluorescence protein (GFP) were implanted into the lateral cerebral ventricle of the mice. The mice were killed at time point of 24 h, 48 h, 2 weeks and 10 weeks after transplantation. The brain sections were observed and the behaviors of the mice were evaluated. ResultsGFP-positive cells were found in the lateral cerebral ventricle.Some of them migrated into the parenchyma and located in fibria-fornix, hippocampus,corpus callusum, septum,subventricle zone and beside the blood vessels at the time point of 2 weeks and 10 weeks. There were no obvious complications occured during operations which affected the outcome of growth and development. ConclusionNSC not only can survive, but also can migrate into the local parenchyma of the brain after ventricle transplantation. There were no obvious complications occured after the transplantation of NSC.