Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning （RIC） in the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. Methods This was a single-center randomized parallel-controlled clinical study. A total of 40 patients with anterior circulation large-vessel occlusive ischemic stroke who were admitted to Baoji High-Tech Hospital within 24 hours after onset and underwent emergency mechanical thrombectomy from July 2023 to July 2024 were enrolled and randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group at a ratio of 1∶1. The patients in the experimental group received standardized RIC treatment （cuff pressure 200 mmHg）， while those in the control group received sham RIC intervention （cuff pressure 60 mmHg）， and the course of treatment was 7 days for both groups. The two groups were compared in terms of baseline information， safety assessment indicators （including hemorrhagic transformation， symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage， and adverse events）， and efficacy evaluation indicators [including NIHSS score， Barthel index， and mRS score after 7 days of treatment， as well as the proportion of patients with good prognosis （an mRS score of 0-2） and excellent prognosis （an mRS score of 0-1） at follow-up on day 90]. Results A total of 39 patients were finally included in the analysis， with 19 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. At follow-up on day 90， 3 patients were lost to follow-up， and 18 patients in each group were included in the analysis. There were no significant differences between the two groups in all baseline data （P0.05） except sex （P=0.048）. The safety analysis showed that during hospitalization， there were no deaths in either group， and there were no significant differences in hemorrhagic transformation， symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage， and adverse events between the two groups （P0.05）. One patient in the control group and 2 patients in the experimental group died at follow-up on day 90， with no significant difference between the two groups（P0.999）. The efficacy analysis showed that after 7 days of treatment， there were no significant differences in NIHSS score， Barthel index， and mRS score between the two groups （P0.05）. At follow-up on day 90 after surgery， 10 patients in the experimental group and 9 patients in the control group had a good prognosis （55.6% vs 50.0%， P0.99）， and 10 patients in the experimental group and 6 patients in the control group had an excellent prognosis （55.6% vs 33.3%， P=0.315）. Conclusion RIC has good safety and efficacy in the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy， with a tendency to improve 90-day functional prognosis.
Prognosis

Objective:To investigate Helicobactor pylori (H. pylori) infection status and interfamilial transmission pattern in Zhengzhou area. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to march 2021, among 731 individual from 266 families randomly selected from 9 communities of Zhengzhou area. H. pylori infection status was determined by serum antibody tests, and 13C-urea breath test was performed in the previously eradicated population to clarify the current infection status. The individual and familial infection rate, infection status for couples and children and adolescent were analyzed. Results:Among 731 individuals from 266 families, 397 of them were H. pylori positive. The individual infection rate was 54.31% (397/731); among infected individuals 77.83% (307/397) were infected with type Ⅰ strain, 22.67% (90/397) were infected by type Ⅱ strain. Annual household income ( χ2=0.419, 0.410, 0.213, all P>0.05), smoking history (χ 2=0.071, P>0.05), drinking history ( χ2=0.071, P>0.05), dining place ( χ2=0.009, P>0.05), gastrointestinal symptoms ( χ2=0.047, P>0.05), family history of gastric disease ( χ2=0.069, P>0.05), and history of gastric cancer ( χ2=0.004, P>0.05) had no significant differences between H. pylori-positive and -negative groups, but the infection rate in individuals with higher education level was lower ( χ2=4.449, P<0.05). The infection rate was significantly higher in≥18 age groups compared with<18 age groups ( χ2=6.531, 23.362, 20.671, 24.244, 37.948, 14.597 and 5.170, all P<0.05). The familial H. pylori infection rate was 87.59% (233/266), and in 61 families all member were infected (26.18%, 61/233). The positive rate was 23.08% (6/26) in 50 families with children under 18 years when both parents were infected. Among 231 coupled families, both couples were infected in 78 families (33.76%), one couple was infected in 113 families (48.92%), and both couples were not infected in 40 (17.32%). With the increase of marriage time, the infection rate of both spouses increased significantly ( χ2=7.775, 12.662, 15.487, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The distribution of H. pylori infection presents a family cluster pattern, and intrafamilial infection is an important transmission rout of H. pylori. The type I strain of H. pylori is the dominate strain in this area.

[Abstract] Objective： ： To explore the impact of γ-chain (γc) family cytokines (IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21) on T cell phenotypes in ex vivo culture to provide experimental evidence for ex vivo cell preparation in adoptive immunotherapy. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers; nylon column sorting, CD3+ magnetic beads sorting, CD3- magnetic beads sorting and natural sedimentation were used to sort T cells from PBMCs. The purity, recovery rate and viability of T cells sorted by the above methods were compared. The CD3/CD28 magnetic beads-activated CD3+T cells were cultured inAIMV medium with IL-2 or mixed cytokines (IL-7, IL-15, IL-21). The expansion fold and phenotypes of T cells in ex vivo culture were detected by flow cytometry. Results： ： The purity of T cells sorted by CD3- magnetic beads sorting was significantly higher than that sorted by nylon column, CD3+ magnetic beads sorting and natural sedimentation ([94.06±1.07]% vs [86.74±1.06]%, [89.61±1.40]%, [88.48 ± 1.86]%, P<0.05); The recovery rate of T cells sorted by natural sedimentation was significantly higher than that by other three methods ([60.29±1.53]% vs [45.03±2.79]%, [20.15±3.41]%, [42.98±2.82]%, P<0.05). Comprehensively, the natural sedimentation method is the best option. The ex vivo expansion fold of T cells in IL-2 group was significantly higher than that in mixed group ([262.6±143.2] times vs [73.0±25.8] times, P<0.05). The proportions of early memory T cells, Tscm+Tscm-like and Tcmin the mixed group were significantly higher than those in the IL-2 group ([55.6±1.82]% vs [39.6±1.52]%, [16.6±1.82]% vs [9.8±1.30]%, [39.0±1.58]% vs [29.2±1.79]%; all P < 0.05). Conclusion： ： Natural sedimentation sorting has advantages of low cost, high recovery and purity. Mixed cytokines of IL-7, IL-15 and IL-21 are beneficial for production of early memory T cells. This study provides an experimental data of ex vivo T cell preparation for cancer adoptive immunotherapy.