Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in Poland′s syndrome.Methods:From February 2016 to December 2020, the ultrasonographic images of 15 patients with Poland′s syndrome diagnosed by Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University were retrospectively analyzed, and the ultrasonographic features were summarized.Results:High-frequency ultrasound could clearly show the anatomical structures of each layer of the chest wall of the patients with Poland′s syndrome. The sonogram of Poland′s syndrome mainly showed the absence of all or part of the pectoralis major on the affected side, some of which were combined with the absence of pectoralis minor. The difference between the thickness of the affected chest wall and the healthy side was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Among the 15 cases of Poland′s syndrome, 11 cases had brachydactyly or syndactyly. Ultrasound showed that the bifurcation position of the common palmar digital artery of the middle finger was lower than that of the healthy side. Conclusions:The ultrasonography is an effective imaging method for diagnosis of Poland′s syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of hourglass-like fascicular constrictions of the anterior interosseous nerve.Methods:From July 2010 to July 2020, 12 patients with hourglass-like fascicular constrictions of the anterior interosseous nerve diagnosed in Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Affiliated to Shandong University were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristics of the high-frequency ultrasonographic images were summarized and compared with clinical surgery.Results:The hourglass-like fascicular constrictions of the anterior interosseous nerve were all located in the median nerve of the distal upper arm in 12 patients, including 9 cases of single hourglass change and 3 cases of multiple hourglass like changes. High-frequency ultrasound can accurately locate the location of the hourglass-like fascicular constrictions of the anterior interosseous nerve and the extent of neuropathy. The sonogram of hourglass-like fascicular constrictions of the anterior interosseous nerve showed single or multiple hourglass-like changes in the median nerve of the distal upper arm. The nerve fasciculars on both sides of hourglass-like changes were thickened. There was significant difference between the diameter of the affected fascicular and the corresponding position of the contralateral fascicular[(0.20±0.04)cm vs (0.11±0.03)cm, P<0.01]. There was significant difference between the cross-sectional area of the median nerve at the widest part of the lesion side and the corresponding position of the contralateral side[(0.14±0.03)cm 2 vs (0.09±0.03)cm 2, P<0.01]. Conclusions:High-frequency ultrasound is the preferred image method for the diagnosis of hourglass-like fascicular constrictions of the anterior interosseous nerve.

Objective:To evaluate the role of high frequency ultrasonography in diagnosis of closed volar plate injury of proximal interphalangeal joint.Methods:From May 2015 to may 2021, 41 patients with acute closed volar plate injury confirmed by Department of Hand and Foot Surgery of the Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University were examined by high frequency ultrasonography. The sonographic features were analyzed and classified.Results:High frequency ultrasonography could not only clearly show the thickness, shape and echo of volar plate, but also the degree of injury and avulsion fracture of volar plate, according to which the closed volar plate injury could be divided into three types: A, B and C. Type A(13 cases): Avulsion fracture of the middle phalangeal base was found with volar plate rupture, the sonogram showed that the continuity of the volar plate attachment of the middle phalangeal base was interrupted, and avulsion fracture was found at the distal end of the volar plate. Type B(11 cases): Complete rupture of the volar plate attachment of the middle phalangeal base was found without avulsion fracture, the sonogram showed that the continuity of the volar plate attachment of the middle phalangeal base was interrupted, and the end of the volar plate contracted and thickened. Type C(17 cases): Tear of the volar plate was found, the sonogram showed enlarging volar plates, heterogeneous internal echo, and liquid dark area was visible in some cases. The average thickness of the three types of closed volar plate injury of the proximal interphalangeal joint measured by ultrasound was (0.33±0.05)cm, and the average thickness of the volar plate at the same position of the corresponding finger on the opposite side was (0.22±0.03)cm. There was significant difference between the two groups ( t=7.864, P=0.006). Conclusions:High frequency ultrasonography is the preferred imaging examination method for the diagnosis of closed volar plate injury in proximal interphalangeal joint, which has an important guiding significance for the selection of clinical treatment.

To evaluate the value of ultrasonography in diagnosing peripheral intraneural vascular anomalies . Methods The ultrasonographic images of 10 patients with peripheral intraneural vascular anomalies confirmed by surgery or pathology were retrospectively analyzed . T he ultrasonographic features were summarized . Results T he ultrasonographic images could not only clearly show the location , involvement and blood supply of peripheral intraneural vascular anomalies , but also determined the classification of them . Ultrasonography showed enlarging nerves ,within w hich tubular structures could be observed ,and the boundary between the vascular malformations and the perineurium was not clear . Abundant arteriovenous blood flow ( arteriovenous malformation) or low velocity venous blood flow ( venous malformation) within the vascular anomalies could be detected by color Doppler examination . Conclusions Ultrasonography is the preferred imaging method for diagnosis of peripheral intraneural vascular anomalies .

Objective To analyze the role of telehealth?based dialysis registration systems in real?time and dynamic reflection of renal anemia in hemodialysis (HD) patients, and discuss the prospect of its application in dialysis registration management. Methods The Red China project was to build up a dialysis registration system based on the WeChat mobile terminal platform. Demographic and baseline laboratory parameters such as age, gender, primary disease, dialysis age, creatinine were recorded in this system. Hemoglobin (Hb) level was monthly recorded. The platform generated Hb statistics report for each HD center monthly, including the detection rate, target rate and the distribution level of Hb, and released it to physicians through the WeChat terminal of mobile phone. After that, physicians could change the treatment of anemia individually on basis of this report. Here the demographic and baseline laboratory parameters, the detection rate, target rate, the average level and the distribution of Hb from June 2015 to October 2017 after the project launched were analyzed. Results From June 2015 to October 2017, 8392 maintenance HD patients from 28 HD centers in Shanghai were enrolled, of whom 5059(60.3％) were male.The average rate age was (60.5 ± 13.7) years old. Baseline average Hb was (108.3±16.0) g/L. Baseline detection rate and target rate were 54.2％and 47.5％, respectively. After 28 months follow?up, the detection rate of Hb increased from 54.2％ to 73.6％ (P<0.001), the target rate of Hb increased from 47.5％ to 56.1％ (P<0.001), and the level of average Hb rose from (108.3±16.0) g/L to (110.7±16.0) g/L. The difference between average Hb in two consecutive months was less than 1.3 g/L. Conclusions The telehealth?based dialysis registration system can timely report the anemia situation of HD patients, which may improve the awareness rate of anemia, the degree of attention and the compliance of anemia monitoring, so as to improve the detection rate and target rate of Hb and reduce the fluctuation of Hb, which helps to maintain the HD patients to correct anemia in a timely, stable and long?term way. The telehealth?based dialysis registration system, as an improved mode of dialysis registration is a promising way for long?term management of renal anemia in dialysis patients.

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasonography in diagnosing intraneural ganglion cysts . Methods The ultrasonographic images of 12 patients with intraneural ganglion cysts confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectively analyzed . The ultrasonographic features were summarized . Results The ultrasonographic images showed the location ,number ,size ,shape ,boundary ,internal echo , involvement extent and blood supply in intraneural ganglion cysts clearly . Intraneural ganglion cysts showed cystic masses within peripheral nerve ,boundary clear ,irregular-shaped ,ill-acoustic transmissibility ,and separations are common ,color Doppler examination showed no blood flow inside the cysts . Conclusions High frequency sonography is the preferred imaging method for diagnosis of intraneural ganglion cysts .

Objective To evaluate the value of color Doppler ultrasonography in diagnosing cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery . Methods The ultrasonographic images of 12 patients with cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectivly analyzed . The ultrasonographic features were summarized . Results The ultrasonographic images showed the location ,number ,size and the compression of popliteal artery . Cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery showed cystic masses within popliteal artery wall . The tunica media and tunica externa were separated . Slender separations could be found in some cysts . Color Doppler ultrasonography showed no blood flow inside the cysts . When the popliteal artery was compressed ,the velocity of blood flow increased significantly . The affected popliteal artery diameter was less than that of the contralateral side [ ( 2 .858 ± 1 .256)mm vs (5 .500 ± 0 .095)mm , t ＝7 .531 , P ＜0 .01] ,the peak flow velocity of the affected popliteal artery was higher than that of the contralateral side[(213.750±119.464)cm/svs(57.417±4.209)cm/s, t ＝4 .465 , P ＜0 .01] ,the peak flow velocity of the affected posterior tibial artery was lower than that of the contralateralside[(32.417±14.569)cm/svs(47.250±4.115)cm/s,t ＝4.318,P ＜0.01] .Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasonography is the preferred imaging method for diagnosis of cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery .

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasonography in diagnosing tendon xanthoma.Methods The ultrasonographic images of 17 patients with tendon xanthomas confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectively analyzed.The ultrasonographic features were summarized.Results The ultrasonographic images showed the location,number,size,shape,boundary,internal echo,involvement and blood supply of tendon xanthomas clearly.Tendon xanthomas showed hypoechoic masses within the tendons,mostly located on the extensor aspect of the hands,feet or bilateral Achilles tendons,symmetric growth,irregular-shaped and inhomogeneous,with loss of the normal fibrillar pattern in longitudinal plane.The abundant blood flow inside the tendon can be detected by color Doppler examination.Conclusions High frequency sonography is the preferred imaging method for diagnosis of tendon xanthomas.

Objective To study the clinical value of color Doppler ultrasonography in the persistent sciatic artery.Methods The ultrasonographic images of eleven patients with persistent sciatic artery diagnosed by CT angiography or digital subtraction angiography were retrospective analyzed,the ultrasonographic features were summarized.Results The sciatic artery showed the enlarged internal iliac artery,which continued into the thigh in a posterior location,the sciatic artery described a tortuous course toward the knee,slowly filling normal-appearing popliteal artery in 8 cases,there were no connection with popliteal artery in 1 cases.The common femoral artery and superficial femoral artery was dysplasia in 7 patients,which was thinner than the popliteal artery.Conclusions The ultrasonography is the effective imaging method for diagnosis of the persistent sciatic artery.

Objective To study the value of high frequency sonography in diagnosis of peripheral nerve lipofibroma hamartoma.Methods The high frequency sonography images of seventeen patients with diagnosed peripheral nerve lipofibroma hamartoma were retrospective analyzed.The sonography features were compared with clinical surgery.Results The position and internal structure of nerve can be found by high frequency ultrasound,and which nerve fascicle,location and scope of lipofibroma hamartoma can be displayed clearly.The involved peripheral nerve was showed expansive growth.Because the hyperechoic fat tissue and hypoechoic nerve fibers alternated with one and another,the feature of high frequency sonography was lotus-like,there was no blood flow signal in nerve.Conclusions High frequency sonography is the preferred imaging method for diagnosis of lipofibroma hamartoma.