Objective To evaluate the occupational health literacy (OHL) level and its influencing factors among individuals of six key industries from Jiulongpo District, Chongqing City. Methods A total of 2 022 frontline workers from six key industries in the Jiulongpo District of Chongqing City were selected as the research subjects using a cluster sampling method. The OHL level of the workers were assessed using the Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Populations. Results The overall OHL level among the 2 022 frontline workers was 51.43%. The OHL level in the four dimensions of basic knowledge of occupational health protection, healthy work practices and behaviors, legal knowledge of occupational health, and basic skills of occupational health protection were 81.45%, 56.08%, 43.42%, and 37.59%, respectively. The OHL levels of the six key industries from high to low were electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, healthcare, education, express delivery/food delivery, transportation, and environmental hygiene, accounted for 91.43%, 61.98%, 52.64%, 40.58%, 36.70% and 31.15% (P<0.01). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that population of Han had higher OHL level than ethnic minorities (P<0.01), married individuals had lower OHL level than unmarried individuals (P<0.05), individuals with college education or above had higher OHL level than those with junior high school education or below (P<0.01), and higher personal monthly income was associated with higher OHL levels (all P<0.05). The OHL levels of workers of environmental hygiene, transportation, education, express delivery/food delivery, and healthcare were lower than those in electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing (all P<0.01). Conclusion The OHL level among occupational populations in the six key industries in Jiulongpo District, Chongqing City, needs to be further improved. And the OHL monitoring and intervention should be focused on the occupational population of express delivery/food delivery industry, transportation, environmental hygiene, and occupational population with low income, low educated, and ethnic minorities.

Objective:To carry out cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis for two infertile patients carrying rare small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC).Methods:Two infertile patients who received reproductive and genetic counseling at CITIC Xiangya Reproductive and Genetic Hospital on October 31, 2018 and May 10, 2021, respectively were selected as the study subjects. The origin of sSMCs was determined by conventional G banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq). Microdissection combined with high-throughput whole genome sequencing (MicroSeq) was carried out to determine the fragment size and genomic information of their sSMCs. Results:For patient 1, G-banded karyotyping and FISH revealed that he has a karyotype of mos47, XY, del(16)(p10p12), + mar[65]/46, XY, del(16)(p10p12)[6]/48, XY, del(16)(p10p12), + 2mar[3].ish mar(Tel 16p-, Tel 16q-, CEP 16-, WCP 16+ ). CNV analysis has yielded a result of arr[GRCh37]16p12.1p11.2(24999364_33597595)×1[0.25]. MicroSeq revealed that his sSMC has contained the region of chromosome 16 between 24979733 and 34023115 (GRCh37). For patient 2, karyotyping and reverse FISH revealed that she has a karyotype of mos 47, XX, + mar[37]/46, XX[23].rev ish CEN5, and CNV analysis has yielded a result of seq[GRCh37]dup(5)(p12q11.2)chr5: g(45120001_56000000)dup[0.8]. MicroSeq results revealed that her sSMC has contained the region of chromosome 5 between 45132364 and 55967870(GRCh37). After genetic counseling, both couples had opted in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). Conclusion:For individuals harboring sSMCs, it is vital to delineate the origin and structural characteristics of the sSMCs for their genetic counseling and reproductive guidance. Preimplantation genetic testing after microdissection combined with high-throughput whole genome sequencing (MicroSeq-PGT) can provide an alternative treatment for carrier couples with a high genetic risk.

Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment for enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) in China, and to explore the prognostic factors of ECF. Methods: A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted based on the Registration System of Chinese Gastrointestinal Fistula and Intra-Abdominal Infections to collect the clinical data of ECF patients from 54 medical centers in 22 provinces/municipalities from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. The clinical data included patient gender, age, length of hospital stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, underlying diseases, primary diseases, direct causes of ECF, location and type of ECF, complications, treatment and outcomes. All medical records were carefully filled in by the attending physicians, and then re-examined by more than two specialists. The diagnosis of ECF was based on the clinical manifestations, laboratory/imaging findings and intraoperative exploration. Results: A total of 1521 patients with ECF were enrolled, including 1099 males and 422 females, with a median age of 55 years. The top three primary diseases of ECF were malignant tumors in 626 cases (41.2%, including 540 gastrointestinal tumors, accounting for 86.3% of malignant tumors), gastrointestinal ulcers and perforations in 202 cases (13.3%), and trauma in 157 cases (10.3%). The direct causes of ECF were mainly surgical operation in 1194 cases (78.5%), followed by trauma in 156 (10.3%), spontaneous fistula due to Crohn′s disease in 92 (6.0%), radiation intestinal injury in 41 (2.7%), severe pancreatitis in 20 (1.3%), endoscopic treatment in 13 (0.9%) and 5 cases (0.3%) of unknown reasons. All the patients were divided into three groups: 1350 cases (88.7%) with simple ECF, 150 (9.9%) with multiple ECF, and 21 (1.4%) with combined internal fistula. Among the patients with simple ECF, 438 cases (28.8%) were jejuno-ileal fistula, 313 (20.6%) colon fistula, 170 (11.2%) rectal fistula, 111 (7.3%) duodenal fistula, 76 (5.0%) ileocecal fistula, 65 (4.3%) ileocolic anastomotic fistula, 55 (3.6%) duodenal stump fistula, 36 (2.4%) gastrointestinal anastomotic fistula, 36 (2.4%) esophagogastric/esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula, 29 (1.9%) gastric fistula and 21 (1.4%) cholangiopancreatiointestinal. Among all the simple ECF patients, 991 were tubular fistula and 359 were labial fistula. A total of 1146 patients finished the treatment, of whom 1061 (92.6%) were healed (586 by surgery and 475 self-healing) and 85 (7.4%) died. A total of 1043 patients (91.0%) received nutritional support therapy, and 77 (6.7%) received fistuloclysis. Infectious source control procedures were applied to 1042 patients, including 711 (62.0%) with active lavage and drainage and 331 (28.9%) with passive drainage. Among them, 841 patients (73.4%) underwent minimally invasive procedures of infectious source control (replacement of drainage tube through sinus tract, puncture drainage, etc.), 201 (17.5%) underwent laparotomy drainage, while 104 (9.1%) did not undergo any drainage measures. A total of 610 patients (53.2%) received definitive operation, 24 patients died within postoperative 30-day with mortality of 3.9% (24/610), 69 (11.3%) developed surgical site infection (SSI), and 24 (3.9%) had a relapse of fistula. The highest cure rate was achieved in ileocecal fistula (100%), followed by rectal fistula (96.2%, 128/133) and duodenal stump fistula (95.7%,44/46). The highest mortality was found in combined internal fistula (3/12) and no death in ileocecal fistula. Univariate prognostic analysis showed that primary diseases as Crohn′s disease (χ²=6.570, P=0.010) and appendicitis/appendiceal abscess (P=0.012), intestinal fistula combining with internal fistula (χ²=5.460, P=0.019), multiple ECF (χ²=7.135, P=0.008), esophagogastric / esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula (χ²=9.501, P=0.002), ECF at ileocecal junction (P=0.012), non-drainage/passive drainage before the diagnosis of intestinal fistula (χ²=9.688, P=0.008), non-drainage/passive drainage after the diagnosis of intestinal fistula (χ²=9.711, P=0.008), complicating with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (χ²=179.699, P<0.001), sepsis (χ²=211.851, P<0.001), hemorrhage (χ²=85.300, P<0.001), pulmonary infection (χ²=60.096, P<0.001), catheter-associated infection (χ²=10.617, P=0.001) and malnutrition (χ²=21.199, P<0.001) were associated with mortality. Multivariate prognostic analysis cofirmed that sepsis (OR=7.103, 95%CI:3.694-13.657, P<0.001), complicating with MODS (OR=5.018, 95%CI:2.170-11.604, P<0.001), and hemorrhage (OR=4.703, 95%CI: 2.300-9.618, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of the death for ECF patients. Meanwhile, active lavage and drainage after the definite ECF diagnosis was the protective factor (OR=0.223, 95%CI: 0.067-0.745, P=0.015). Conclusions The overall mortality of ECF is still high. Surgical operation is the most common cause of ECF. Complications e.g. sepsis, MODS, hemorrhage, and catheter-associated infection, are the main causes of death. Active lavage and drainage is important to improve the prognosis of ECF.

Objective To establish genotyping methods for vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1)and cytochrome P450 2C9(CYP2C9)based on pyrosequencing technique to detection of warfarin metabolizing enzyme related gene polymorphisms.Methods A total of 50 peripheral blood samples from healthy adults were collected and the whole blood genomic DNA was extracted.A set of biotin-labeled amplifi-cation primers and sequencing primers were designed respectively for three SNP sites:VKORC1 -1639 G>A,CYP2C9 430C> T and CYP2C9 1075A>C.After PCR amplification of the samples,pyrophosphoric acid se-quencing was conducted.And then the signal peaks form were combined to analyze and determine each sample genotype.Genotyping results were verified by Sanger sequencing,and the consistency of the two sequencing methods was compared.Results Genotypes of the three SNPs can be clearly determined according to the ba-ses and height of the signal peaks.Among the 50 samples,there were 41 AA and nine AG for VKORC1 -1639G>A,accounting for 82% and 12% respectively,and there were 45 *1/*1,five *1/*3 for CYP2C9, accounting for 90% and 10% respectively,no CYP2C9*2 allele detected.Genotype results detected by pyrose-quencing and Sanger sequencing were consistent with each other.Conclusion In SNP genotyping,Pyrose-quencing has the advantages of convenience,time-saving,cheap with accurate and reliable results,which can quickly determine the genotypes of CYP2C9 and VKORC1.

The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) has been recently documented. In this study, 280 girls diagnosed with ICPP and 188 normal puberty control girls of similar ages were enrolled and retrospectively studied. The ICPP group had significantly lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels than the control group. Furthermore, a nonlinear relationship was found between serum 25[OH]D and ICPP, and a cut-off point for serum 25[OH]D was found at 31.8 ng/ml for ICPP with and without adjusting the different confounding factors. Girls with serum 25[OH]D ≥ 31.8 ng/ml had a lower odds ratio (unadjusted: OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.83, P < 0.05; height and weight adjusted: OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.08, P = 0.072; BMI adjusted: OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.84, P < 0.05). The ICPP subjects with 25[OH]D deficiency had a higher body mass index (BMI) than the subjects from the two other subgroups. Correlation analysis showed that vitamin D level is correlated with BMI and some metabolic parameters in the ICPP group. Our study suggested that vitamin D status may be associated with ICPP risk and may have a threshold effect on ICPP.
Body Mass Index ; Child ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Puberty, Precocious ; blood ; complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Vitamin D ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; epidemiology

Objective To observe the levels of serum VEGF in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer and explore its relationship with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Levels of serum VEGF in 110 cases with breast cancer underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy were detected by ELISA prior to and after 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was evaluated by physical examination and ultrasonography. Results Levels of serum VEGF were significantly increased in breast cancer patients with≥4 lymph node metastasis than those with < 4 lymph node[(307.31 ± 101.42) pg/mL vs. (170.16 ± 73.07) pg/mL,P = 0.017]. Patients with positive HER-2 status had significantly higher levels of serum VEGF than those with HER-2 negative status [(235.15 ± 88.42 ) pg/mL vs. (179.82 ± 69.90) pg/mL, P = 0.024]. No significant difference was observed among age , menopausal status and hormone status. In patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy of cCR and Cpr,the mean levels of serum VEGF were (205.75 ± 78.12) pg/mL and (226.04 ± 89.04) pg/mL, respectively. After 3 cycles of chemotherapy, levels of serum VEGF decreased to (145.15 ± 67.08) pg/mL and (161.27 ± 93.57) pg/mL. There was significant difference between two groups (P=0.009,0.014). In patients with SD or PD response, no significant difference was observed between levels of serum VEGF before and after chemotherapy (P = 0.577). Conclusions Levels of serum VEGF in breast cancer correlate with lymph nodes metastasis and HER-2 status and may decrease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However,whether or not the levels of serum VEGF can be used as a biomarker for response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy needs more further studies.

Objective To find the liver cancer specific peptide for serological screen of liver cancer patients via screening phage-display peptide library. Methods Fifteen sera from liver cancer patients and physical examinates were collected for the four-round screening with Ph. D. 12TM phage display peptide kit. Highly specific phage monoclones were selected based on the ELISA results of the serological assay. The peptide labeled with FITC was synthesized according to the DNA sequencing of the optimal monoclone and tested with serum via fluorescent imagery. Results Nine highly specific monoclones were found among 50 selected ones after 4 rounds of screenings. The positive rate of the optimal monoclone,ZH-3, reached 46.7 %. The peptide sequence of ZH-3 was concluded by DNA sequencing as SAHGTSTGVPWP. Desirable specificity and affinity were also shown in the serum of liver cancer patients. Conclusion The peptide ZH-3 can be used as a diagnostic reagent for liver cancer.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different nutrition methods on the number and activity of natural killer (NK) cells in liver after hepatectomy in cirrhotic rats. MethodsTwenty thioacetamide-induced cirrhotic rats were randomly divided into enteral nutrition (EN) group ( n =10) and parenteral nutrition (PN) group ( n =10), in which EN or PN was administered for 5 consecutive days 1 day after hepatectomy. The percentage of the NK cells in livers was examined by flow cytometry. Activity of NK cells was measured by 4 h51Cr-release assay.ResultsCompared with the PN group, the percentage (22.2 ％ ± 1.7％ vs. 17.4％ ± 1.8％, P =0.000) and the activity of NK cells (41.6％ ± 2.3％ vs. 37.1％ ± 2.2％, P =0.000) in the livers were significantly higher in the EN group. ConclusionEN after posthepatectomy can ameliorate the percentage and the activity of NK cells in the livers in cirrhotic rats.

Objective To evaluate the effects of branched-chain amino acids-enriched early parenteral and enteral nutrition on the liver function and serum aminograms in cirrhotic rats after partial hepatectomy. Methods In this prospective randomized controlled study, 24 cirrhotic rats, induced by thioacetamide, were randomized into three groups: enteral nutrition (EN) group, EN + branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) group, and parenteral nutrition (PN) + BCAA group. After receiving partial hepatectomy, rats in all three groups were nutritionally supported with equal amount of calorie and nitrogen contents from the 1st postoperative day ( PO day 1 ) to PO day 5. On PO day 6, parameters including body weight, liver functions, prealbumin, transferring, and serum aminograms were measured or determined, and the level of liver albumin mRNA was detected by reversal transcription-polymerase chain reaction and morphological examinations such as HE staining and immunohistochemical staining, which were assessed by index of Ki67 protein index. Results Body weight was significantly decreased in all three groups on PO day 6 (P ＜0.05 ). Compared with EN + BCAA group, serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase after partial hepatectomy were significantly higher in PN + BCAA group (P ＜0.05 ). Serum alkaline phosphatase level was significantly higher in PN + BCAA group than in EN group ( P ＜0. 05). The level of prealbumin was significantly lower in PN + BCAA group when compared with EN group or EN +BCAA group ( both P ＜ 0. 05 ), although no such significant difference was noted in terms of transferrin ( P ＞0. 05 ). The levels of leucine and isoleucine elevated while those of tyrosine, phenylalanine, arginine and tryptophan declined in PN + BCAA group or EN + BCAA group when compared with EN group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Aminograms were not significantly different between EN + BCAA group and PN + BCAA group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Levels of total amino acid and aromatic amino acid (AAA) were significantly lower while BCAA and ratio between BCAA and AAA (BCAA/AAA) were significantly higher in PN + BCAA group or EN + BCAA group than in EN group (P ＜ 0. 05 ).Significantly lower level of albumin mRNA and index of Ki67 were observed in PN + BCAA group than in EN group or EN + BCAA group (P ＜ 0.05 ) on PO day 6. Conclusions BCAA-enriched EN or PN reverses amino acid disequilibrium and restores BCAA/AAA in cirrhotic rats after partial hepatectomy. Compared with PN, EN is superior in improving postoperative liver function, promoting protein synthesis, and speed up tissue regeneration in the postoperative liver. However, it still can not restore serum albumin in a short term.

Objective To obtain short peptides which specifically binds to HepG2 cell line from 12 peptide libraries, and lay foundation for screening and identifying the new liver cancer markers for early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Methods The liver cancer cell line HepG2 was used as the antigen and LO-2 as the absorber cells for subtraction biopanning from a phage display peptide library at 37℃. The positive phage clones were identified by cell enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (EL1SA), and the identity of DNA sequence and amino acids were analyzed. Results After 3 rounds of screening, 30 phage clones were identified by EL1SA, ZS-9 of them bind to the HepG2 specifically. The amino acid sequence was blast in NCBI and Swiss-Prot, the results show that the sequence has not identity with the known genes and proteins in the database, and the sequence was not reported in literature. All these show that we had discovered several novel liver cancer associated antigen ligand. Conclusion Several candidate peptide binding to liver cancer specifically have been selected by phage display technology, providing the potential uses for early diagnosis of liver cancer or targeted therapy for liver cancer.