Objective To investigate the popularization of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)knowledge and science popularization needs among urban and rural residents in Tonghai County,Yuxi City,Yunnan Province,so as to explore the establishment of an efficient and appropriate science popularization model.Methods A total of 300 residents aged 15-60 years old were selected from Tonghai County,Yuxi City,Yunnan Province using stratified and simple random sampling methods.A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct an anonymous questionnaire survey.Results Only 20.3%of Tonghai County residents master CPR skills,and 26.2%of Tonghai County residents have never heard of CPR.There is a statistically significant difference in the awareness rate of CPR between rural residents and non-rural residents(P<0.01).There are differences in residents'age and CPR awareness(P<0.01),the age and CPR are inversely proportional.The residents have a higher willingness to perform chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation on strangers,66.2%and 68.6%respectively.63.79%of residents have never attended relevant training.But 92.76%of the people said they were willing to participate in the relevant training when they learned the training news.Conclusion Residents in Tonghai County generally lack knowledge of CPR first aid,but the demand for first aid knowledge of residential CPR is high and the attitude towards rescue is positive.It is recommended that relevant departments increase CPR science popularization and training efforts,and popularize CPR into villages.

Objective:To study the clinical effects of modified surgical method with H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(H-UPPP)and traditional surgical method in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)in children.Methods:The clini-cal data of 364 pediatric patients with OSAHS were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into 2 groups and treated by low-temperature plasma knife radio frequency ablation for bilateral tonsil removal combined with H-UPPP(group A,n=204)and low-temperature plasma knife radio frequency ablation only(group B,n=160)respectively.The operative time,intraoperative bleed-ing,postoperative secondary bleeding,VAS of pain following operation,postoperative traumatic white film shedding time,OAH1,LSaO2,ESS scores and complications of the 2 groups were compared.Results:In group A the operative time,intraoperative bleed-ing,VAS,OAHI and ESS scores were lower than those in group B(P＜0.05),wile postoperative traumatic white film detachment time and LSaO2 were higher(P＜0.05).No statistically significant difference in terms of the number of cases of postoperative seconda-ry bleeding and complications was observed between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:The combination of low-temperature plas-ma radio frequency ablation and H-UPPP for the treatment of OSAHS may provide clear intraoperative view,and may improve the treatment effects.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the results of the surveillance of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) pathogens in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province in 2022, and to analyze the genetic characteristics of the main epidemic strain coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods　Samples of hand, foot and mouth disease cases in Baoshan City submitted to Yunnan Province in 2022 were selected, the samples were processed, and the viral nucleic acid was extracted, and the Enterovirus (EV) VP4/VP2 binding region gene was amplified with primers (MD91/OL68-1) and sequenced. The sequence was BLAST searched in GenBank to determine the virus type, and then the full sequence of VP1 region was amplified with relevant primers of each type of virus and sequenced. Viruses were identified by using Enterovirus Genotyping Tool Version 1.0. according to the reference documents, the reference sequences were downloaded for making the phylogenetic tree, and the test results were statistically analyzed. Results　A total of 307 clinical samples of hand-foot-mouth disease in Baoshan City in 2022 were detected by real-time RT-PCR. There were 280 laboratory-confirmed cases (91.21%), among which the detection rate of CVA16 was 55.05% (169/307), EV-A71 was 3.58% (11/307), and other enteroviruses were 32.57% (100/307). Of the 206 HFMD test specimens, the VP4/VP2 junction and VP1 gene sequences of enterovirus were amplified and identified, and 29 enterovirus strains were obtained, with a positive virus rate of 14.08% (29/206). All viruses belonged to group A and were divided into 3 serotypes, which included 27 strains of CVA16 (93.10%, 27/29), 1 strain of EV-A71 (3.45%, 1/29), and 1 strain of CVA10 (3.45%, 1/29). Group B, C, and D viruses were not detected. The positive rate of VP4/VP2 binding region and VP1 region of coxsackievirus A16 gene in Baoshan City in 2022 was 13.11% (27/206). The genetic evolution analysis showed that the 27 strains of CVA16 belong to B1a subtype and can be divided into two evolutionary branches. Conclusions　In 2022, the main epidemic strain of HFMD in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province is CVA16 gene, belonging to B1a subtype, which can be divided into two branches, indicating 2 transmission chains prevalent in Baoshan City. Future efforts should focus on strengthening surveillance, improving the quality of monitoring, and understanding the characteristics of viral prevalence..

Objective To study the prevalence of tick bites and relative factors of outpatients with fever from health care fa?cilities in Tengchong County. Methods From July to August,2014,the outpatients with fever in five health care facilities namely Tengchong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hehua Health Center,Jietou Health Center,Qushi Health Cen?ter and Xinhua Health Center were investigated by questionnaires. The factors related to tick bites were explored with the univari?ate analysis and multiple regression models. Results Totally 884 effect questionnaires were acquired. Among the 884 partici?pants,85(9.6%)had experienced tick bites. The frequency of tick bites was associated with locations,gender,age group,own?ership of cattle,working at foreign country,firewood cutting and lumbering in the forest(all P<0.05). The multiple regression revealed that the male and people raising cattle,working at foreign country,engaging in firewood cutting and lumbering in the forest had a more risk for tick bites. Conclusions Tick bites are common in the residents of Tengchong County. The risk of be?ing bitten varies in different populations. The local health departments should promote health education in the high?risk popula?tion to reduce the risk of infecting tick?borne diseases.

Objective To study the influence of climate, geographical environment and harvesting time on contents of schaftoside in Desmodium styracifolium Herba. Methods Content of schaftoside in Desmodium styracifolium Herba was determined by using HPLC. ODS-C18 column (4. 6 mmí250 mm,5 μm) was used, the mobile phase was methanol-water (3268), the detection wavelength was 272 nm, the flow rate was 0. 5 mL·min-1, and the column temperature was 35℃. Results The climate type, amount of precipitation, average temperature, duration of sunshine, geographical environment of different province had significant impacts on the content of schaftoside in Desmodium styracifolium Herba. Conclusion Subtropical monsoon climate, temperature from 25 ℃ to 32 ℃, sunshine time of 10 h per day and the average annual rainfall of 1 942 mm are suitable for growth of Desmodium styracifolium. The content of schaftoside in samples cultivated from Guangxi Province is higher than that cultivated from Guangdong Province and Hainan Province. The schaftoside content of sample cultivated in July is higher than that cultivated in other months.

Objective To determine the moisture in Huodan pills by near-infrared spectroscopy. Methods At the beginning,water content of 174 samples were determined and all data of samples about near-infrared spectrum were collected. And then all the data were pretreated by first-derivative and Savitzky-Golay filter. At last,the NIR quantitative model for moisture in huodan pills was established by partial least squares regression and validated by the validation set. Results The correlation coefficients,the root mean square error overall of calibration, that of cross validation of the calibration model was 0. 988 17, 0. 103,and 0. 326 16,respectively. The root mean square error overall of prediction and the average recovery of validation was 0. 217 and 98. 02%. Conclusion The NIR spectroscopy analysis model is steady,accurate and reliable,which can be used to detecte moisture content of huodan pills.

Objective To evaluate the standardization of Meta-analyses on nephropathy published in Chinese journals.Methods By searching in WANFANG,VIP,CNKI databases and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM) as well as related Chinese journals,eligible Meta-analyses were enrolled and analyzed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Statement and the MOOSE (Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) Checklist.Results A total of 217 Meta-analyses were enrolled with 166 on randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 51 on observational studies.Based on the PRSIMA Statement,of the 166 Meta-analyses on RCT,51.8％(86 papers) were found with the complete research hypothesis,13.9％ (23) with the literature screening flow chart,15.7％ (26) with the subgroup analysis,53.0％ (88) with the publication bias analysis and 28.3％ (47) with the sensitivity analysis.According to the MOOSE Checklist,of the 51 Meta-analyses on observational studies,only 9.8％ (5) had done the statistical stability calculation,54.9％ (28) with the outlook of application,45.1％ (23) with the limitation of the study,2.0％ (1) with the quantitative analysis on potential bias and 17.6％ (9) with the suggestion for future studies.Conclusions Unclear hypothesis,limited methodological description,lack of in-depth analysis on heterogeneity and bias are the common defects in Meta-analyses published in Chinese journals on nephrology.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the change of serum leptin levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) before and after surgery. METHOD: The cases were divided into effective (n=44) and non-effective (n=13) groups according to PSG. The effective cases were divided into decreased (> or = 5%, n=25) and non-decreased(<5%, n=19) BMI. The level of serum leptin was detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULT: The level of serum leptin after treatment (9.1 +/- 2.6 microg/L) was as high as before treatment (9.3 +/- 2.3 microg/L) in 13 non-effective cases. The level of serum leptin after treatment (7.15 +/- 1.23 microg/L) was significantly decreased than before treatment (12.79 +/- 2.98 microg/L) in 25 cases of decreased BMI (> or = 5%). The level of serum leptin after treatment (7.15 +/- 1.23 microg/L) was significantly decreased than before treatment (12.79 +/- 2.98 microg/L) in 19 cases of non-decreased BMI (<5%). Leptin level of all cases showed a positive correlation with AHI (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The level of serum leptin in patients with OSAHS are increased. The serum leptin level of effective patients with OSAHS after treatment was significantly decreased. The level of serum leptin reflects the degree of AHI in patients with OSAHS.
Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Intraoperative Period ; Leptin ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of the medical and surgical treatment of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). METHOD: Seventy-two cases of pediatric CRS were randomly divided into medical group (35 cases) and surgical group (37 cases). The patients in medical group received a 12-week course of clarithromycin, alkaline nasal douche and intranasal mometasone furoate. The patients in surgical group underwent adenoidectomy or (and) tonsillectomy or ESS. All patients underwent pre- and post-treatment assessments of visual analogue score (VAS) and nasal endoscopy. The assessments of CT were arranged before starting the treatment and post-treatment in 12-month. RESULT: Both groups of pediatric CRS significantly improved in VAS and endoscopic parameters of CRS in all stages. There were no significant difference between two groups in 1-month (P > 0.05). The surgical group demonstrated greater change than medical group in 3-month, 6-month and 12-month (P < 0.01). In surgical group, 37 cases underwent three different styles of operation: adenoidectomy (n = 19), adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy (n = 10) and ESS (n = 8). VAS and endoscopic parameters were not significantly different among three groups in all stages except in 1-month. CONCLUSION The results of this study warrant further that both medical and surgical treatment of pediatric CRS significantly improve in VAS and endoscopic parameters of CRS. The mainstay of management is medical treatment. Long-term, low-dose macrolide is an effective therapy and a valid alternative in pediatric CRS. Surgical intervention is necessary for cases that do not respond to prolonged course medical treatment. Adenoidectomy or (and) tonsillectomy seems to be a recommended surgical procedure for children with adenoid or (and) tonsil hypertrophy.
Adenoidectomy ; Adolescent ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Clarithromycin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mometasone Furoate ; Pregnadienediols ; therapeutic use ; Sinusitis ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Tonsillectomy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of tonsils and adenoid ablation by plasma-mediated temperature-controlled radiofrequency for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in children. Methods From August 2005 to May 2007,43 cases with OSAHS received tonsillectomy and adenoid radical resection with Evac70 tool bit using a plasma-mediated temperature-controlled system. The clinical data of the patients were reviewed. Results The mean operation time was 16 minutes,ranged from 10 to 20 minutes. During the operation,the patients had a mean of 3 ml hemorrhage (1 to 10 ml). Compared with the preoperative examination,the patients showed significantly lowered AHI [(14.6?4.6) times/h vs (4.2?2.7) times/h,t=8.563,P=0.000] and OAI [(6.9?3.5) times/h vs (3.3?1.4) times/h,t=5.443,P=0.000] and increased minimum blood oxygen saturation [(85.7?4.4)% vs (99.7?0.2)%,t=-6.687,P=0.000]. Conclusions The ablation of the tonsil and adenoid using plasma-mediated temperature-controlled radiofrequency is effective and safe for children with OSAHS.