[Objective] To investigate the protective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (SMI) on the kidneys of HBOC-CHP01 resuscitated haemorrhagic shock rats. [Methods] A 50% haemorrhagic shock rat model was established, with 12 rats divided into two groups: SMI + HBOC-CHP01 group and HBOC-CHP01 group, with 6 rats in each group. The rats in the SMI+ HBOC-CHP01 group were given an equal volume of HBOC-CHP01 for resuscitation after haemorrhagic shock, and an 8 mL/kg dose of SMI. Rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group were resuscitated by administering an equilibrium blood loss volume of HBOC-CHP01 and given an 8 mL/kg dose of 0.9% NaCl solution. Blood was taken from rats at five points: before bloodletting (baseline), during haemorrhagic shock (HS), immediately after resuscitation (RS0h), 1 h after resuscitation (RS1h), and 24 h after resuscitation (RS24h). A blood gas analyser was used to detect the lactate level (Lac), glucose content (Glu), residual base (BEecf), pH, bicarbonate (HCO3-), high iron haemoglobin (MetHb). White blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), haemoglobin content (Hb), carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) were detected using a quintuple classification. Blood creatinine (SCr), uric acid (UA), kidney-related indexes were detected using biochemistry instrument. Kidney tissues of the rats were taken after 24 h of resuscitation and after execution, and the inflammation of kidneys of the rats of the two groups was analyzed using HE staining. Fluorescence staining was used to detect the level of ROS in the kidneys of rats in both groups. [Results] At RS 0h, the Beecf, Glu and Lac levels of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group were significantly lower than those of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group, and the pH level of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly higher than that of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group, and the Glu levels of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group were significantly lower than those of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group at RS 1h. At RS 0h, the WBC, PLT and COHb contents of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group were all significantly higher than those of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group, and at RS 1h, the WBC content of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly higher than that of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group; at RS 1h, the UA content of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly lower than that of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group; at RS 24h, the SCr content of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly lower than that of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group; at RS 24h, the inflammation level of kidney tissues of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group was significantly lower than that of rats in the HBOC -CHP01 group rats, and the ROS and MPO levels in the kidney tissues of rats in the SMI+HBOC-CHP01 group were significantly lower than those of rats in the HBOC-CHP01 group. [Conclusion] The combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection during the resuscitation of rats with severe haemorrhagic shock by HBOC-CHP01 can alleviate renal injury by reducing inflammatory response and oxidative stress.

[Objective] To extract hemoglobin (Hb) from red blood cells using osmotic pressure swelling method, expected to achieve a hemoglobin dissolution rate of ≥80% and a cell membrane integrity rate of ≥70%. [Methods] Human umbilical cord blood red blood cells were used as raw materials and phosphate buffer solution was used as the swelling solution for red blood cells. A three factor three-level orthogonal experiment (n=3) was conducted to determine the optimal matching conditions for selecting the osmolality molar concentration of phosphate buffer solution, pH value of hypotonic phosphate buffer solution and volume ratio of hypotonic phosphate buffer solution to washed red blood cells. Red blood cell swelling solution samples (n=6) were prepared by the optimal matching conditions and the original process conditions. The hemoglobin dissolution rate and cell membrane integrity rate were checked. In the expanded comparative experiment, red blood cell swelling solution samples (n=6) were prepared by the optimal matching conditions and the original process conditions, which was filtered by ultrafiltration membranes. The filtration time and hemoglobin yield were checked. [Results] The optimal matching conditions for preparing red blood cell swelling solution were obtained through orthogonal experiment as follows: osmotic pressure molar concentration was 30 mOsmol/Kg, pH was 7.8, and phosphate buffer to red blood cell volume ratio was 6∶1. On the basis of the above conditions, the red blood cell swelling solution sample was compared with the original process sample: the hemoglobin dissolution rate was (82.4±1.8)% vs (78.6±3.0)% (P<0.05), and the cell membrane integrity rate was (65.8±4.0)% vs (28.7±2.3)% (P<0.05). In the expanded comparative experiment, the optimal matching conditions were compared with the original process conditions: filtration time(s) (327±9) vs (434±13) (P<0.05), and hemoglobin yield was (72.3±1.2)% vs (66.0±1.4)% (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Compared with the original preparation process, the hemoglobin extraction process which optimized through orthogonal experiments greatly reduces the cell membrane fragmentation rate and minimizes the entry of cell membrane matrix into the target solution, ensuring a slightly higher hemoglobin dissolution rate, and reducing the preparation difficulty for the subsequent cell membrane separation and further purification.

Objective:To analyze the effect of different vascular access on the outcome in peripheral blood stem cells collection by a network Meta-analysis, and to provide a reference for clinical medical staff to select the best vascular access.Methods:A systematic search was carried out in Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, from inception until April 15, 2023. Two researchers independently screened literature and extracted data. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using R4.2.2 and Addis-1.16.6 softwares.Results:A total 7 pieces of research were included, 5 vascular access methods were peripheral artery, peripheral vein, artery-vein, femoral vein-central venous catheter (FV-CVC), and internal jugular vein-CVC (IJV-CVC). The results showed that compared with the peripheral veins, there was no significant difference on CD34 cells between other vascular accesses in the primary outcome measure when collected peripheral blood stem cell collection. On the single blood volume treatment time, peripheral vein and IJV-CVC were statistically significant ( MD = 14.80, 95% CI 2.70-22.38, P<0.05) . The SUCRA ranking probability chart showed that on CD34 cells, FV- CVC>IJV-CVC>artery-vein>peripheral artery>peripheral vein access; for a single blood volume treatment time and monocyte number, peripheral artery was superior and the next was peripheral vein. Conclusions:Current evidence suggested that Peripheral artery may be the best vascular access in peripheral blood stem cells collection, which opens a new way to establish the vascular access for peripheral blood stem cells collection, but it needs to be confirmed by large clinic trials.

Atherosclerosis(AS)is a common cardiovascular disease,and its treatment and prevention have been the focus of medical research.AS an emerging technology,nanotechnology has unique advantages and plays an important role in the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of AS.This paper reviews the latest research on the application of nanotechnology in AS diseases,systematically discusses the role of nanotechnology in the diag-nosis and treatment of AS,and comprehensively analyzes the effects of nano-drug carriers based on different sur-face trimmers,loading diagnostic and therapeutic drugs so as to monitordisease progression of AS and its targeted treatment.The aim is to provide new thought for the clinical treatment of AS.

BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have confirmed that exosomes can promote osteogenesis and vascularization.However,simple exosome therapy has problems such as poor targeting,and the content of loaded molecules cannot reach the therapeutic concentration. OBJECTIVE:To load exosomes into injectable gluconolactone-sodium alginate β-tricalcium phosphate-polyethylene glycol hydrogel,and observe the effect of the hydrogel on peri-implant bone defect in vivo and in vitro. METHODS:Exosomes were extracted from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and wrapped in injectable gluconolactone-sodium alginate β-tricalcium phosphate-polyethylene glycol hydrogel.(1)In vitro experiment:The hydrogel loaded with exosomes and the hydrogel without exosomes were cocultured with endothelial progenitor cells,and exosomes uptake experiment,tubule formation experiment,cell proliferation,migration ability,and angiogenic gene detection were carried out.(2)In vivo experiment:Twelve male New Zealand white rabbits were used to prepare two standard implant cavities and corresponding bone defects in the long axis of one femur.A hydrogel loaded with exosomes was implanted in the bone defect after an implant was implanted in a cavity at the proximal end of the implant(experimental group),and an unloaded exosome hydrogel was implanted in the bone defect after an implant was implanted in a cavity at the distal end of the implant(control group).At 3,6 and 9 weeks after operation,bone defects with implants were removed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining.Simultaneously,osteogenic and angiogenic genes were detected at 9 weeks after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In vitro experiment:Exosomes could enter endothelial progenitor cells.The proliferation,migration,angiogenesis and gene(CD31,vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor)expression of endothelial progenitor cells in the hydrogel-loaded group were higher than those in the hydrogel-unloaded group(P<0.05).(2)In vivo experiment:Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining showed that at 3 weeks after operation,only a small amount of new bone was found in the two groups,and the material was partially degraded.At 6 weeks after operation,the amount of new bone in the two groups increased,and a large amount of new bone was found in the experimental group,with obvious calcium deposition.At 9 weeks after operation,compared with the control group,a large number of bone trabeculae thicker than mature were found in the experimental group,calcium salt deposition was more obvious,and a large number of osteoblasts were found around the bone trabeculae.The protein expressions of CD31,vascular endothelial growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor,bone morphogenetic protein 2,type I collagen and osteocalcin in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group at 9 weeks after operation(P<0.05).(3)The exosome-loaded gluconolactone-sodium alginate β-tricalcium phosphate-polyethylene glycol hydrogel could promote the proliferation,migration and angiogenic differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells and promote the repair and regeneration of bone defects around implants.

【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among preschool children in Suzhou. 【Methods】 A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 24 452 children aged 3 - 6 years in different districts of Suzhou from December 2021 to June 2022. Then the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity was determined by physical measurements. A case-control study was conducted with a questionnaire survey of 3 786 children(1 893 in the obesity group and 1 893 in the control group) to analyze the factors influencing preschool obesity. 【Results】 1) The overall detection rates of overweight among preschool children in Suzhou was 14.8%(boys 14.6%, girls 15.0%). The overall detection rates of obesity was 7.9%(boys 8.7%, girls 7.1%), with a statistically significant difference between boys and girls(χ²=19.828, P<0.01). 2) There was statistically significant difference in the detection rates of obesity among different age groups(χ²=98.415, P<0.01), with the lowest rate in the 3 - 4 years old group(5.8%) and the highest rate in the 6 - 7 years old group(11.8%). 3) The overall detection rates of mild, moderate and severe obesity was 4.8%, 2.6% and 0.5%, respectively. The proportion of moderate and severe obesity significantly increased with age(χ²=57.275, P<0.01). 4) Risk factors for preschool obesity included birth weight >4 000g, cesarean section, parental overweight/obesity, strong appetite of children, eating speed <10min/meal, high frequency of fried food consumption(>1time/week), eating while watching television, sedentary behavior >2h/d, insufficient exercise endurance, screen time >1h/d, and late bedtime(after 21∶30)(P<0.05). Protective factors for preschool obesity included larger breakfast consumption, fruits and vegetables as regular snacks, and physical activity after meals(P<0.05). 5) Factors influencing the degree of preschool obesity included paternal overweight(OR=1.33, 95%CI:1.06 - 1.65), paternal obesity(OR=1.91, 95%CI:1.46 - 2.49), maternal overweight(OR=1.25, 95%CI:1.01 - 1.54), maternal obesity(OR=1.94, 95%CI:1.40 - 2.69), low education level of father(junior high school or below)(OR=1.57, 95%CI:1.25 - 1.96), strong appetite of children(OR=1.72, 95%CI:1.41 - 2.11), eating speed <10min/meal(OR=1.29, 95%CI:1.05 - 1.57), sedentary behavior >2h/d(OR=1.51, 95%CI:1.24 - 1.85), insufficient exercise endurance(OR=1.56, 95%CI:1.12 - 2.19), and screen time>1h/d(OR=1.42, 95%CI:1.16 - 1.75). 【Conclusions】 The detection rates of overweight and obesity among preschool children in Suzhou are relatively high, and the detection rate and severity of obesity increase with age. In addition to genetic factors, preschool obesity are also associated with pregnancy and birth history, as well as unhealthy lifestyle after birth.

SWOT-PEST model was used to analyze the internal advantages and disadvantages,external,opportunities and challenges of tertiary public pediatric hospitals.Based on stakeholder theory,through the literature review method,policy analysis method,combined with the actual work,and summarize its main role and demands.Put forward the development strategy of three-level public pediatric specialty hospital.Through the analysis of interest demands of stakeholders of tertiary public pediat-ric specialty hospitals,the overall development is good at present,but there are still problems that need to be solved urgently.From the perspective of internal and external stakeholders,the optimization strategy involving multiple levels,multiple angles and multiple subjects is proposed to promote the comprehensive development of tertiary public pediatric specialty hospitals.

Objective To investigate the utility of dual-energy CT combined with musculoskeletal ultraso-nography in differentiating between calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease and gouty arthritis.Methods A retro-spective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 102 patients diagnosed with gouty arthritis and 102 patients diagnosed with calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease.These patients were categorized into the Gout group and Calcium Deposition group,respectively,based on their respective diagnoses.All patients underwent dual-energy CT and musculoskeletal ultrasonography examinations,while joint fluid aspiration results or intra-articular crystal material served as the gold standard for diagnosis.The diagnostic efficacy of dual-energy CT and musculoskeletal ultrasonography in discriminating between calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease and gouty arthritis was evalu-ated.Results In the gout group,the proportion of male patients and serum uric acid levels were significantly higher compared to those in the calcium deposition group(P<0.05).The prevalence rates of knee joint,first metatarsopha-langeal joint,and ankle joint involvement were higher in the gout group,while knee joint,wrist joint,and shoulder joint involvement rates were higher in the calcium deposition group.The proportions of irregular bone cortex,carti-lage injury,and degenerative meniscus changes were lower in the gout group compared to the calcium deposition group(P<0.05).The proportions of double contour sign,tophus formation,hyperechoic band within ligaments or tendons,and bone erosion were higher in the gout group compared to the calcium deposition group(P<0.05),whereas cartilage calcification was lower in the gout group(P<0.05).The sensitivities for diagnosing calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease and gouty arthritis using dual-energy CT scan alone,musculoskeletal ultrasound alone,and their combined use were 86.27%,83.33%,and 94.12%respectively.The specificities for diagnosing these conditions using dual-energy CT scan alone,musculoskeletal ultrasound alone,and their combined use were 89.22%,88.24%,and 86.27%respectively.The positive predictive values were 88.89%,87.63%,and 87.27%,respectively.The negative predictive values were 86.67%,84.11%,and 93.63%,respectively.The accuracies were 87.75%,85.78%,and 90.20%respectively.The agreement Kappa values were 0.755,0.716,and 0.804 respectively.Conclusions The integration of dual-energy CT and musculoskeletal ultrasonography exhibits promising diagnostic efficacy in discriminating between calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease and gouty arthritis.This combined approach serves as a valuable adjunctive tool for the diagnosis of both conditions.

Objective To summarize and explore the current state,hotspots,and trends in the field of surgical treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)over the past decade through a bibliometric and visualization analysis of relevant literature.Methods Relevant Chinese and English literature on the surgical treatment of ICH,published from January 1,2014 to April 1,2024,was retrieved and screened from CNKI and Web of Science databases.Visualization analysis was conducted using CiteSpace,VOSviewer,and other software to analyze the number of published papers,authors,countries,institutions,etc.Social network analysis diagrams of authors,keyword clustering network analysis diagrams,keyword burst strength,and keyword timeline maps were also utilized.Results(1)A total of 3 456 relevant papers were included,with 2 173 in Chinese and 1 283 in English.From 2014 to 2021,the annual number of Chinese publications on ICH surgery was higher than that of English publications,but the number of Chinese publications began to decline from 2016.The number of English publications showed an overall increasing trend.(2)A total of 6 367 authors were identified from the English literature,with notable collaboration networks led by researchers such as Mocco J,Hanley DF,Ziai WC,You C,and Tang ZP.The Chinese literature included 6 522authors,with prominent collaboration networks led by Wang LK,Cai Q,Ku HB,Zhang S,and Zhu SQ.(3)Analysis of the countries involved in the English literature showed that 31 countries participated in research on ICH surgery,with China leading in the number of publications(505),followed by the United States(330)and Germany(106).The top three countries in centrality were the United States(0.32),China(0.16),and Canada(0.11).The top three institutions in English literature publications were Johns Hopkins University(51 papers),Ohio State University(39 papers),and Harvard University(38 papers).In China,Sichuan University(32 papers),Huazhong University of Science and Technology(30 papers),and Capital Medical University(27 papers)had multiple English publications;Wuhan University People's Hospital(15 papers),Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University(13 papers),and Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University(13 papers)had multiple Chinese publications.There was close collaboration among research institutions in the English literature,whereas Chinese researchers often established research teams within their medical units with relatively less collaboration between teams.(4)Research on ICH surgery primarily focused on surgical methods,complications,and comprehensive perioperative treatment.Research hotspots included hypertensive ICH,minimally invasive surgical techniques,and perioperative management and treatment."neuroendoscopy"was the most recent emergent keyword in Chinese literature with high centrality and the strongest burst strength,while"randomized trial"had the highest burst strength in English literature.Research trends included the integration of artificial intelligence with minimally invasive techniques to optimize ICH surgery management and treatment strategies,analysis of risk factors,and evaluation of imaging value.Conclusions Over the past decade,the overall publication volume on the surgical treatment of ICH has been in a stable development phase,with research directions covering surgical techniques,diagnosis and treatment,evaluation,and management.Core research teams led by key authors were the main contributors to the publications.Future research hotspots and trends in ICH surgery may include the optimization of surgical techniques,complication management,large-scale multicenter clinical trials and integration of artificial intelligence with minimally invasive techniques.

Objective:To explore the effect of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) combined with Kangfuxin liquid wet compress and oxygen blowing method on the post chemotherapy oral mucositis (OM) in patients with hematological malignancies.Methods:From January 2022 to February 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 120 patients with post chemotherapy OM in the Department of Hematology of the Affiliated Huai'an First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received Kangfuxin liquid wet compress, while the observation group carried out a combination of UV-C irradiation and oxygen oral blowing method on the basis of the control group. This study compared the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score before and two days after treatment, the healing status of OM after treatment on the 5th day, and the healing time of OM between the two groups of patients.Results:A total of 108 patients completed the study, with 52 in the control group and 56 in the observation group. After two days of treatment, the VAS scores of both groups of patients were lower than those before treatment, and those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). On the 5th day of treatment, the healing rate of OM in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=5.425, P<0.05). The healing time of OM in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.458, P<0.05) . Conclusions:The combination of UV-C, Kangfuxin liquid and oxygen blowing method can alleviate pain, improve the healing rate of OM, and shorten the healing time of post chemotherapy OM in patients with hematological malignancies, which is worthy of clinical promotion.