Objective:To investigate the recognition of the post competency index system among rural general practice assistant physicians and its influencing factors.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. A questionnaire survey on the recognition of post competency index system was conducted from October 2020 to September 2021 among rural general practice assistant physicians from 10 provinces/municipalities selected by stratified cluster sampling method. The recognition of rural general practice assistant physicians at all levels of indexs and the factors influencing recognition were analyzed.Results:A total of 1 123 questionnaires were distributed and 1 024 valid ones were collected with a recovery rate of 91.18%. Of the 1 024 respondents, 529 were male(51.7%) and 435 were aged 40-49 years(42.5%), which was the highest proportion by age group. The average overall recognition score of the index system was 4.41, and the scores of the primary indexes were 4.32-4.45. Three primary indexes had the highest recognition scores: professional competence, basic health care services, and interpersonal communication and teamwork. The recognition scores on the second level index were 4.18-4.61, and the proportion of recognition scores greater than 4 was over 80%. There were significant differences in the recognition scores of the index system among assistant physicians with different working years, educational background, professional title and work unit ( F/H=6.41, 14.83, 12.45, 7.53, P<0.01). Educational background(associate degree: B=0.091, P=0.015; bachelor degree and above: B=0.196, P<0.001) and professional title(intermediate professional title and above: B=-0.234, P<0.001) were the independent factors influencing the recognition degree of the index system for rural general practice assistant physicians. Conclusions:The post competency index system is generally recognized by rural general practice assistant physician, and academic qualifications and professional title status may influence its recognition.

Objective:To evaluate the application feasibility of the post competency index system of rural general practice assistant physicians, and to analyze and compare the post competency of rural general practice assistant physicians with different characteristics through a survey among rural general practice assistant physicians in China.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. A questionnaire survey was conducted among rural general practice assistant physicians in 10 provinces/municipalities selected by stratified cluster sampling method from October 2020 to September 2021. The post competency scores were self-evaluated based on the post competency index system of rural general practice assistant physicians. The results of the survey were analyzed and the application feasibility of the index system was evaluated.Results:A total of 1 123 questionnaires were distributed and 1 024 valid questionnaires were returned with a recovery rate of 91.2%. Of the 1 024 respondents, 529 were males (51.7%), 435 were aged 40-49 years (42.5%), 434 had a secondary school education or less (42.4%), and 531 were junior practitioners (51.9%). The Cronbach′s α coefficient of the overall questionnaire was 0.987, and the Cronbach′s α coefficient of the first level index ranged from 0.897 to 0.974. The cumulative variance contribution rate of exploratory factor analysis was 72.012%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed χ2/ df=3.926, RMSEA=0.076, CFI=0.858, IFI=0.859, indicating that the model fit was basically good. The average self-evaluation scores of the first level index ranged from 3.95 to 4.25, and the average self-evaluation scores of the second level index ranged from 3.74 to 4.36. There were significant differences in self-evaluation scores of post competency among rural general practice assistant physicians with different working years, professional titles, working units and economic regions( F=4.67, 10.54, 22.16 and 20.90,all P<0.05). People with low self-evaluation scores of post competency had the following characteristics: working 10-19 years, intermediate or above titles, working in community health service centers, located in the eastern region.People with high self-evaluation scores of post competency had the following characteristics: primary professional title, working in the village clinic. Conclusion:The competency index system of rural general practice assistant physicians has good application feasibility,and it can be used to evaluate post competency for the education and training of rural general practice assistant physicians.

OBJECTIVE To screen the potential active components of Polygonum orientale flower against myocardial ischemia- reperfusion injury （MIRI） in rats based on physiological and pathological states. METHODS SD rats were divided into normal control group， normal administration group， MIRI control group and MIRI administration group， with 5 rats in each group. After drug intervention or modeling and drug intervention， chromatographic separation plasma samples were collected， and chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry data collection were performed by using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. The prototype components and metabolites were analyzed by comparing the reference substance maps， the maps of each plasma sample， and the relevant literature. At the same time， the common peaks in plasma samples of rats in normal administration group and MIRI administration group were identified. Combined with principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis， the differential transitional components were screened out according to the value of variable importance in the projection （VIP）＞1， to speculate the potential active components of P. orientale flower in rats under physiological and pathological states. The SD rats were divided into control group， MIRI group， positive control group （Compound danshen tablets 0.2 g/kg， 3 times a day）， and potentially active compound groups （10 mg/kg， twice a day）， with 5 rats in each group. The rats in administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， for 3 consecutive days. The activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， the leakages of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB （CK-MB） and cardiac troponin Ⅰ （cTnⅠ） in plasma were detected after the last administration. RESULTS Twenty-six main chromatographic peaks were obtained from the total ion chromatogram of the extract of P. orientale flower， and 14 of them were determined， including gallic acid， catechin， protocatechuic acid and so on. There were fifteen （including 6 absorbed prototype components and 9 metabolites） and nineteen transitional components （including 6 absorbed prototype components and 13 metabolites） in the plasma sample of normal rats and MIRI rats. Eight transitional components were detected in both normal rats and MIRI rats， and the VIP values of kaempferol glucuronidation metabolites， quercetin carbonylation metabolites and N-p-paprazine to the corresponding peak were higher than 1. Compared with MIRI group， the activities of SOD were increased significantly in the plasma of MIRI rats in each potential active compound group （P＜0.01）， and the leakages of LDH， CK-MB， and cTnⅠ in the plasma of MIRI rats were reduced significantly （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The potential anti-MIRI active components in extract of P. orientale flower are N-p-paprazine， quercetin， kaempferol and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside.

Objective:To explore the effect of short-term mindfulness behavior training on body image, negative emotions and mindfulness level of pregnant women with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) .Methods:From October 2020 to October 2021, 50 RSA pregnant women admitted to the Department of Gynecology of Wuxi Woman and Enfants Care Hospital were selected as the study subject using convenience sampling. Pregnant women were divided into an intervention group and a control group using a random number table method, with 25 cases in each group. During the research process, two cases were lost in the intervention group and two cases in the control group, and 46 cases were ultimately completed, with 23 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing, while the intervention group received a 4-week mindfulness behavior training on this basis. Body Image in Pregnancy Scale (BIPS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used to evaluate the effect of intervention.Results:After intervention, the BIPS, SAS, SDS scores of pregnant women in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group, while the MAAS scores were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Short-term mindfulness behavior training can improve the body image and negative emotions of pregnant women with RSA, and can improve the level of mindfulness attention awareness.

Chitinase AO-801 is a hydrolase secreted by Arthrobotrys oligospora during nematode feeding, while its role remained elusive. This study analyzed the molecular characteristics of recombinant chitinase of Arthrobotrys oligospora (reAO-801). AO-801 belongs to the typical glycoside hydrolase 18 family with conserved chitinase sequence and tertiary structure of (α/β)8 triose-phosphate isomerase (TIM) barrel. The molecular weight of reAO-801 was 42 kDa. reAO-801 effectively degraded colloidal and powdered chitin, egg lysate, and stage I larval lysate of Caenorhabditis elegans. The activity of reAO-801 reached its peak at 40˚C and pH values between 4-7. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Zn2+, Ca2+, and Fe3+, whereas Mg2+ and K+ potentiated its activity. In addition, urea, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 2-mercaptoethanol significantly inhibited enzyme activity. reAO-801 showed complete nematicidal activity against C. elegans stage I larvae. reAO-801 broke down the C. elegans egg shells, causing them to die or die prematurely by hatching the eggs. It also invoked degradation of Haemonchus contortus eggs, resulting in apparent changes in the morphological structure. This study demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of reAO-801, which laid the foundation for further dissecting the mechanism of nematode infestation by A. oligospora.

OBJECTIVE To identify an d analyze chemical cons tituents of Pleione yunnanensis with origin of Pleione yunnanensis. METHODS UPLC-Q-Exactive-Plus-Orbitrap-MS was adopted. The determination was performed on Hyperdil GOLD column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ formic acid solution-0.1％ formic acid acetonitrile solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 40 ℃，and sample size was 2 µL. The electrospray ion source was adopted，and the scanning range was m/z 100-1 500，and the scanning mode was positive and negative ion exchange mode of full scan+ddMS2. The structure of chemical constituents were determined by using Compound Discoverer 3.1 software，comparing with mzCloud，PubChem network database and OTCML ，on the basis of reference substance and published literatures. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 42 chemical constituents were identified （positive ion mode has 24，negative ion mode has 27）， including 13 benzyl succinate glycosides （such as dactylorhin C ，coelovirin A ，militarine），4 phenol glycosides （such as adenosine ， guanosine，gastrodin），3 alkaloids（choline，betaine，berberine），and one flavonoid （nobiletin），7 aromatics（such as DL-lysine ， DL-arginine，DL-glutamine），one sugar （sucrose），3 benzenes（shancigusin H ，shancigusin H isomer ，batatasin Ⅲ）and 10 others （such as p-methoxybenzoic acid ，monomethyl dodecanedioate ，diphenylamine）. Glucose oxybenzyl and some small mole cules are easy to be lost in the cleavage of benzyl succinate glycosides；glycosyl is easy to be lost in the cleavage of phenol glycosides；the cleavage of alkaloids mainly manifest as the cleavage and loss of small molecular substituents ；demethyla- tion reaction is occurred in most flavonoids.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) in sheep is a hazardous zoonotic parasitic disease that is caused by Echinococcus granulosus (Eg). At present, serological test is an important diagnostic method for Eg infection in domestic animals. Here, a fusion protein Eg mefAg-1 harboring 8 dominant B-cell epitopes of Eg such as antigen B, tetraspanin 1, tetraspanin 6, reticulon and Eg95 was produced in E. coli and evaluated for CE in sheep by indirect ELISA. Eg mefAg-1 showed in ELISA a high sensitivity (93.41%) and specificity (99.31%), with a coincidence rate of 97.02%. Overall, it is suggested that the Eg mefAg-1 could be a potential antigen candidate for CE serodiagnosis in sheep.
Animals, Domestic ; Echinococcosis ; Echinococcus granulosus ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte ; Methods ; Parasitic Diseases ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serologic Tests ; Sheep

Objective To explore the correlation between serum cystatin C,lipoprotein associated phospho-lipase A2 (LP-PLA2) and lower limb vascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods From August 2014 to December 2016,a total of 187 type 2 diabetic patients in Weihai Central Hospital were selected. According to the ankle brachial index (ABI),the patients were divided into without lower limb vascular disease group (SDM group,85 cases) and with lower limb vascular disease group (T2DM+LLVD group,102 cases).Meanwhile,82 healthy people were selected as control group.The cystatin C,LP-PLA2,hemoglobin (HbAlc),triglyceride,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) were calculated.Results Compared with the control group [(0.788 ±0.084)mg/L],the cystatin C was significantly high-er in the SDM group[(0.913 ±0.135)mg/L] and the T2DM +LLVD group[(1.114 ±0.225)mg/L],and the difference was statistically significant (t＝5.511,9.121,all P＜0.01).The cystatin C in T2DM+LLVD group was higher than that in the SDM group ( t ＝7.209,P ＜0.01 ).Compared with the control group [( 342.76 ± 33.49)ng/mL],LP-PLA2 was significantly higher in the T2DM+LLVD group[(513.54 ±94.26)ng/mL],and the difference was statistically significant ( t ＝11.428,P＜0.01 ).Compared with the SDM group [( 352.28 ± 67.82)ng/mL],the cystatin C and LP-PLA2 levels were significantly higher that in the T2DM+LLVD group,and the difference was statistically significant (t＝7.209,13.181,all P＜0.01).Conclusion Cystatin C and LP-PLA2 play important roles in type 2 diabetic patients with lower limb vascular disease.Cystatin C and LP -PLA2 may become the forecast indicators in type 2 diabetic patients with lower limb vascular disease.

Objective To establish a rapid, simple, sensitive, and specific multiplex real-time PCR method for quantitative detection of Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella and Shigella in tree shrews.Methods Specific primers and probes were designed, according to the HipO gene of Campylobacter jejuni, inV gene of Salmonella and ipaH gene of Shigella.The primers were confirmed by single pathogen quantitative PCR, and the sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex PCR were analyzed.Finall, the samples of experimental tree shrews were detected by this multiplex PCR method.Results The PCR element of TaqMan-MGB real-time PCR assay was able to quantitatively amplify the Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella or Shigella.Appropriate standard amplification curves of Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella and Shigella in the multiplex quantitative PCR were obtained.The sensitivity of this method was 1×103 ng/μL.There was no false positive detection from other bacterial strains.Conclusions This multiplex quantitative real-time PCR method has good application and development prospects in the detection of microorganisms in tree shrews.

OBJECTIVETo observe the neurological protection effects of "paraplegia-triple-needling method" on rats with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), so as to make a preliminary exploration on its mechanism.

METHODSA total of 45 SD rats were randomly divided into a paraplegia-triple-needling method group (group A), a regular acupuncture group (group B) and a model group (group C), 15 rats in each one. The rats model of incomplete spinal cord injury was established by modified Allen's method. The acupoints of governor vessel and back-shu points next to the vertebras of upper end and lower end of injured segment as well as motor points in key muscle of lower extremities were treated with acupuncture in the group A; the acupoints of governor vessel and back-shu points next to the vertebras of upper end and lower end of injured segment as well as "Huantiao" (GB 30), "Housanli" (ST 36), "Yanglingquan" (GB 34) and "Genduan"(Extra) were treated with acupuncture in the group B; rats in the group C received no treatment after model establishment but grabbing and immobilization. The needles were retained for 15 min in the group A and group B, once a day for 14 times. 1 d, 7 d and 14 d after model establishment, Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) scores were observed in each group; the morphologic change of injured spinal cord and expression of positive cells of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were observed. Results (1) One day after SCI, there was no significant difference of BBB scores among three groups (P> 0. 05); 7 days and 14 days after SCI, BBB scores in the group A and group B were significantly superior to those in the group C (all P<0. 05), and the BBB scores in the group A were superior to those in the group B ( both P<0. 05). (2) There was expression of CGRP positive cells in all three groups, and that in the group A and group B was significantly higher than that in group C (both P<0. 05); 14 days after treatment, the expression in the group A was higher than that in the group B (P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe "paraplegia-triple-needling method" could obviously! improve the motor function of rats with SCI, especially the expression of neuroprotective factor CGRP, which is likely to be one of the mechanisms of neurological protection effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy