BackgroundPostpartum depression can affect the physical and mental health of mothers and the quality of parenting. Most Chinese women perform traditional postpartum practices （commonly known as "doing the month"） after giving birth， while the existing findings are inconsistent and inconclusive regarding the potential of traditional Chinese postpartum practices to alleviate or exacerbate postpartum depression. ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between traditional Chinese postpartum practices and postpartum depression， so as to provide references for reducing the risk of postpartum depression. MethodsA total of 240 consecutive women who gave birth in the obstetrics department of the Mianyang Central Hospital and the Third Hospital of Mianyang from January to May 2024 were selected. Data were collected using Self-designed General Information Questionnaire， Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS）， the Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）， the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 （PHQ-15）， the Adherence to Doing-the-Month Practices questionnaire （ADP）， and the Self-compiled Questionnaire on the Cognition of Doing-the-Month. The absolute value （A value） of the difference between scores of ADP and Cognition of Doing-the-Month Questionnaire was calculated to evaluate the degree of cognitive behavioral conflict of postpartum women. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlations of EPDS score with SSRS score， PHQ-15 score， ADP total and dimensional scores， Cognition of Doing-the-Month Questionnaire total and dimensional scores， and A value. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the protective and risk factors for developing postpartum depression. ResultsThe postpartum depression was detected in 22.50% of women. The postpartum women had a EPDS score of （6.21±5.00）， ADP score of （70.05±20.57）， SSRS score of （41.96±6.96）， PHQ-15 score of （4.63±3.77）， and Cognition of Doing-the-Month questionnaire score of （40.30±10.13）. The A value was （0.65±0.58）. Correlation analysis revealed that EPDS score was negatively correlated with the total ADP score and the four dimensional scores of the restrictions on social activities， diet， housework， and personal hygiene （r=-0.228， -0.146， -0.184， -0.275， -0.168， P<0.05 or 0.01）， and positively correlated with the A value （r=0.161， P<0.05）. Logistic regression analysis indicated that restriction on housework dimension in ADP was entered into the model （OR=0.930， 95% CI： 0.885~0.978）. ConclusionThe restriction on housework dimension in traditional Chinese postpartum practices may be a protective factor against postpartum depression.

ObjectiveTo construct an animal model of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）-infected pneumonia suitable for preclinical studies. MethodsThe virulence of RSV to the four cell lines was observed by cytopathic effect （CPE）， and 50% tissue culture infective dose（TCID₅₀） was calculated. Twenty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal group and a model group. Six BALB/c-hIGF1R mice served as the humanized IGF1R model group. Except for the normal group， the other groups received intranasal RSV infection on days 1 and 3 to establish a viral pneumonia model. The efficacy of establishing an RSV-induced pneumonia animal model based on humanized insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor （IGF1R） mice was evaluated by measuring organ indices， peripheral blood lymphocyte percentages， pulmonary pathology and imaging， and pulmonary viral load. Additionally， ten BALB/c mice served as normal group， and thirty-two BALB/c-hIGF1R mice were randomly assigned to humanized IGF1R model group， ribavirin group （82.5 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹）， and high and low dose groups of Lianhua Qingwen （3.3 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹ ， 1.65 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹）， with 8 mice per group. The viral load in lung tissue was measured after ribavirin and Lianhua Qingwen intervention， and the model was applied to the evaluation of anti-RSV drugs. ResultsIn the lungs of the humanized IGF1R model group， large solid and diffuse ground-glass shadows were seen， and the lung volume was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The lung index was significantly increased （P<0.01）， and both the spleen index and thymus index were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The percentages of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺T cells were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and there was a large amount of inflammation and stasis in the perivascular area of the lung tissue， which was predominantly characterized by lymphocytes. The endothelium of blood vessels was partially detached， with a small number of eosinophils. After infecting BALB/c-hIGF1R mice with RSV， the expression of viral nucleic acids in the lung tissue of the mice was significantly increased， with significant differences compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. The expression of viral nucleic acids in the ribavirin group and the high and low dose groups of Lianhua Qingwen was significantly reduced， with significant differences compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. ConclusionHumanized IGF1R mice are more susceptible to respiratory SVC， and the animal model of RSV-infected pneumonia based on humanized IGF1R mice was successfully constructed， which is suitable for the evaluation of anti-RSV drugs.

ObjectiveTo construct an animal model of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）-infected pneumonia suitable for preclinical studies. MethodsThe virulence of RSV to the four cell lines was observed by cytopathic effect （CPE）， and 50% tissue culture infective dose（TCID₅₀） was calculated. Twenty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal group and a model group. Six BALB/c-hIGF1R mice served as the humanized IGF1R model group. Except for the normal group， the other groups received intranasal RSV infection on days 1 and 3 to establish a viral pneumonia model. The efficacy of establishing an RSV-induced pneumonia animal model based on humanized insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor （IGF1R） mice was evaluated by measuring organ indices， peripheral blood lymphocyte percentages， pulmonary pathology and imaging， and pulmonary viral load. Additionally， ten BALB/c mice served as normal group， and thirty-two BALB/c-hIGF1R mice were randomly assigned to humanized IGF1R model group， ribavirin group （82.5 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹）， and high and low dose groups of Lianhua Qingwen （3.3 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹ ， 1.65 mg·kg^-¹·d^-¹）， with 8 mice per group. The viral load in lung tissue was measured after ribavirin and Lianhua Qingwen intervention， and the model was applied to the evaluation of anti-RSV drugs. ResultsIn the lungs of the humanized IGF1R model group， large solid and diffuse ground-glass shadows were seen， and the lung volume was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The lung index was significantly increased （P<0.01）， and both the spleen index and thymus index were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The percentages of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺T cells were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and there was a large amount of inflammation and stasis in the perivascular area of the lung tissue， which was predominantly characterized by lymphocytes. The endothelium of blood vessels was partially detached， with a small number of eosinophils. After infecting BALB/c-hIGF1R mice with RSV， the expression of viral nucleic acids in the lung tissue of the mice was significantly increased， with significant differences compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. The expression of viral nucleic acids in the ribavirin group and the high and low dose groups of Lianhua Qingwen was significantly reduced， with significant differences compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. ConclusionHumanized IGF1R mice are more susceptible to respiratory SVC， and the animal model of RSV-infected pneumonia based on humanized IGF1R mice was successfully constructed， which is suitable for the evaluation of anti-RSV drugs.

Objective: To assess the nutritional supply status of school meals for primary and secondary school students in Henan Province, so as to provide a basis for scientific guidance of school meals. Methods: During 2021-2023, 115 lunch and dinner samples were collected from 25 primary and secondary schools in Zhoukou, Anyang and Luoyang of Henan Province by a direct selection method, and 13 nutrients were determined for each sample. The nutrient supply was evaluated based on Nutrition Guidelines of School Meals and Reference Intake of Dietary Nutrients for Chinese Residents (2023 Edition). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences of nutritional supply between urban and rural schools. Results: The median values for energy (709.77 kcal,1 kcal=4.18 kJ), fat energy supply ratio (0.27) and carbohydrate energy supply ratio (0.55) in the 66 lunches and dinners from primary school were within the recommended range. The supply of protein (28.39 g) and sodium (1 464.59 mg) was excessive. The median values of zinc (2.62 mg) and dietary fiber (5.19 g) were lower than the reference values. No statistically significant differences were observed in the supply of 13 nutrients between urban and rural primary schools( U = 427.00 -633.00, P > 0.05 ). Among 49 samples from secondary schools, the median value of energy supply (930.02 kcal), carbohydrate energy ratio ( 0.54 ) and fat energy supply ratio(0.25) were within the recommended range; and the median values of protein (38.82 g) and sodium (2 556.80 mg) were higher than the standard; and the median values of calcium (250.32 mg) and vitamin B1 (0.16 mg) were lower than the standard. Additionally, the differences in the level of vitamin B2 ( U =372.00) and zinc ( U =375.00) between the urban and rural secondary schools were statistically significant ( P <0.05). Conclusion Nutrient supply of primary and secondary school meals in three cities of Henan Province is inadequate and imbalanced, and the recipe need to be further optimized and improved.

Background As one of the key populations in the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders, it is important to continuously monitor the iodine nutritional level of school-age children. The current reference interval for thyroid volume in China is based on age only, without taking into account differences in individual developmental levels, and the distribution of thyroid volume may vary regionally due to economic, demographic, and environmental factors. The current reference cut-off points for thyroid volume proposed by the World Health Organization are not based on the Chinese population. Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status and distribution of thyroid volume (Tvol) among children aged 8-10 years in Huangpu District, Shanghai, China, to identify impact factors of Tvol, and to propose a reference range upper limit for local thyroid health surveillance, so as to provide a basis for goiter control and prevention. Methods Six hundred children aged 8-10 years in Huangpu District were recruited in 2017, 2020, and 2023, and body height, weight, thyroid volume, urinary iodine, and iodine content of household edible salt were determined. A multilevel model was constructed using population density and area as regional variables, and age, body surface area (BSA), and body mass index (BMI) as potential impact factors for at the individual level, to assess their effects on thyroid volume. Quantile regression of thyroid volume was performed, and the 98th percentile (P₉₈) of thyroid volume was predicted based on age and BSA. Results The iodized salt coverage in the households of surveyed children in 2017, 2020, and 2023 was 72.0%, 57.0%, and 48.0%, respectively, and the iodized salt coverage decreased by year (χ²=24.31, P<0.001). The urinary iodine level of children in 2017 was higher than that in 2020 and 2023 (χ²=18.77, P<0.001). The Tvol medians of children in 2017, 2020, and 2023 were 2.29, 2.49, and 2.97 mL, respectively, and the Tvol increased by year (χ²=60.04, P<0.001). The proportion of goiter was higher in children in 2023 than in 2017 and 2020 (χ²=6.57, P<0.05). Sex differences were not statistically significant for urinary iodine levels, thyroid volume, and goiter. The median Tvol was 2.26, 2.58, and 2.76 mL in children of 8, 9, and 10 years old respectively, and the Tvol increased with age (χ²=49.02, P <0.001). Tvol was positively correlated with age, BSA, and BMI with correlation coefficients of 0.2846, 0.3723, and 0.2950, respectively. The final quantile regression model showed that the strongest effect of BSA was associated with the 98th percentile of Tvol. Multilevel models considering population density or area as regional variables failed to achieve convergence. Conclusion To establish the upper limit of the reference interval for thyroid volume of healthy children in Huangpu District, the effects of age and BSA should be considered at the individual level, and the upper limit of the normal interval for goiter screening is suggested to be the 98th percentile value of BSA at the same age. In addition, the adaptability of population density and regional area as indicators of regional aggregation of thyroid volume distribution still needs to be further explored.

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases affecting the health of human beings. With limited therapeutic options available, complementary and alternative medicine has been widely adopted in cancer management and is increasingly becoming accepted by both patients and healthcare workers alike. Chinese medicine characterized by its unique diagnostic and treatment system is the most widely applied complementary and alternative medicine. It emphasizes symptoms and ZHENG (syndrome)-based treatment combined with contemporary disease diagnosis and further stratifies patients into individualized medicine subgroups. As a representative cancer with the highest degree of malignancy, pancreatic cancer is traditionally classified into the "amassment and accumulation". Emerging perspectives define the core pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer as "dampness-heat" and the respective treatment "clearing heat and resolving dampness" has been demonstrated to prolong survival in pancreatic cancer patients, as has been observed in many other cancers. This clinical advantage encourages an exploration of the essence of dampness-heat ZHENG (DHZ) in cancer and investigation into underlying mechanisms of action of herbal formulations against dampness-heat. However, at present, there is a lack of understanding of the molecular characteristics of DHZ in cancer and no standardized and widely accepted animal model to study this core syndrome in vivo. The shortage of animal models limits the ability to uncover the antitumor mechanisms of herbal medicines and to assess the safety profile of the natural products derived from them. This review summarizes the current research on DHZ in cancer in terms of the clinical aspects, molecular landscape, and animal models. This study aims to provide comprehensive insight that can be used for the establishment of a future standardized ZHENG-based cancer animal model.
Animals ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Hot Temperature ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy* ; Models, Animal ; Syndrome

Alzheimer's disease is a common central neurodegenerative disease， mainly manifested by cognitive impairment and non-cognitive neuropsychiatric symptoms that severely affect patients' daily life and behavioral functioning. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is still unclear， and the western medicine currently used to treat Alzheimer's disease is only symptomatic， with a single pathway， limited efficacy， and many side effects. In recent years， with the deepening of research on Alzheimer's disease， the study and application of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease have gradually increased. Several studies have shown that TCM and its effective components can exert anti-Alzheimer's disease effects by regulating molecular mechanisms such as pathological protein production and aggregation， oxidative stress， neuroinflammation， ferroptosis， mitochondrial dysfunction， neurogenesis and neurotransmission， and brain-gut axis. This paper summarized the research progress of TCM in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in recent years， so as to provide a reference for further study of the specific mechanism of TCM in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease and the discovery of effective components of TCM.

Objective To investigate the genetic risk factors of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)after trauma.Methods In a nested case-control study,50 patients with DVT after traumatic lower extremity fractures and 50 patients without DVT were recruited.The two groups were matched with gender,age and fracture sites.Preoperative venography was performed to diagnose DVT in trauma patients.Genome wide association study(GWAS)was used to investigate the genetic risk factors for preoperative DVT after traumatic lower ex-tremity fractures.Genomic DNA in leukocytes from blood sample was extracted and used for GWAS.Results GWAS was conducted based on 2 662 single nucleotide variants(SNV)which were dispersed in 144 interested genes.Ten genes were found to have signifi-cant association with trauma-related DVT,including cofactors of hemostasis mechanism,i.e.,THBD,F5,SERPIND1 and ITGA2,the factors related to vitamin K-dependent(VKD)carboxylation,i.e.,GGCX and CALU,and the members of cytochrome P450 family,i.e.,CYP1A1,CYP3A4,CYP2C19 and CYP2B6.Conclusion DVT after trauma might be regulated by the cofactors of hemostasis mechanism,the factors related to VKD carboxylation and the members of cytochrome P450 family.The results of our study may provide reference and inspiration for genetic susceptibility of preoperative DVT after trauma.

Objective:To explore the predictive value of multimodal ultrasound features combined with serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) detection for tumor recurrence of breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery.Methods:A total of 194 patients with breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving surgery in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from Jan. 2017 to May. 2018 were selected. Routine ultrasound, automated breast volume imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound were performed before surgery. Logistic regression equation was used to analyze the risk factors affecting local tumor recurrence after breast-conserving surgery, and ROC curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of multimodal ultrasound features combined with serum MMP-9 for local tumor recurrence after breast-conserving surgery.Results:After 5 years of follow-up, 29 out of 194 breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery had local recurrence and metastasis. There were no significant differences in tumor diameter, spiculation sign, convergence sign, Alder blood flow grade, enhancement sequence, pattern and enhancement intensity between the two groups ( P>0.05 t=1.48, P=1.451; χ2=0.55, P=0.460; χ2=0.50, P=0.478; χ2=0.60, P=0.439; χ2=0.50, P=0.780; χ2=0.04, P=0.981; χ2=0.13, P=0.716). Logistic regression analysis showed that irregular tumor shape, small calcification,Peripheral radial enhancement, perfusion defect and abnormal elevation of serum MMP-9 were independent risk factors for local recurrence of breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery ( P=0.034, 95%CI=1.177~62.266; P=0.048, 95%CI=1.022~58.397; P=0.045, 95%CI=1.100~56.756; P=0.043, 95%CI=1.079~ 60.937; P=0.044, 95%CI=1.000~1.026). ROC curve showed that the AUC of multimodal ultrasound features combined with serum MMP-9 in predicting local tumor recurrence after breast-conserving surgery was 0.970, and the sensitivity and specificity were 98.63% and 91.67%, respectively. Conclusions:Multimodal ultrasound features combined with serum MMP-9 detection have high application value in the evaluation of local tumor recurrence after breast-conserving surgery, and provide a new idea for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Purpose This study aims to observe the hemodynamic state of the carotid artery in healthy volunteers and diabetes patients via ultrasound vector flow imaging(V-Flow),and to quantitatively analyze the characterization of wall shear stress(WSS)in different degrees of atherosclerosis carotid artery.Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Forty four diabetic patients diagnosed in Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from April 2019 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Routine carotid ultrasound examination and V-Flow imaging were performed on 44 diabetic patients(88 vessels)and 15 controls(30 vessels).According to the results of carotid ultrasound examination,diabetic patients were divided into normal intima-media thickness(IMT)group,IMT thickening group and plaque group.The differences of WSS in different parts of carotid artery between diabetic patients and controls were observed,and the changes of WSS in different groups of diabetic patients were further compared and analyzed.Results In this study,the WSS(including WSSmax and WSSmean)of the bifurcation and middle segment of the common carotid artery in diabetic patients were significantly lower than those in the normal control group(P=0.001,P=0.003).WSS at the bifurcation of common carotid artery was significantly smaller than that at the middle segment of common carotid artery in both normal control group and diabetic group(P=0.001).WSS at the bifurcation of common carotid artery in diabetic patients was changed with the severity of atherosclerosis(P=0.018 and P=0.043),and was highest in the plaque group[WSSmax(2.58±0.69)Pa;WSSmean(0.86±0.25)Pa],followed by IMT thickening group[(2.37±0.69)Pa;(0.77±0.35)Pa].The WSS was lowest in the normal IMT group[(2.13±0.52)Pa;(0.69±0.20)Pa].There was no significant difference in WSS of the middle segment of common carotid artery among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The WSS in the bifurcation and middle section of common carotid artery in diabetic patients is lower than that in controls,and it changed with the increase of atherosclerosis degree.Therefore,the V-Flow technique of ultrasonic vector flow imaging has a certain value in evaluating the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in diabetic patients.