Purpose: This study aims to evaluate a new method for the five times sit to stand test (FTSST), crucial for addressing frailty in an aging population. It utilizes a smart insole for plantar pressure analysis and a marker-less motion capture device for head height analysis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five participants aged 50 years or older underwent FTSST assessment using three methods: manual measurement with a stopwatch (FTSST-M), plantar pressure analysis with smart insoles (FTSST-P), and head height analysis with a marker-less motion capture device (FTSST-H). Simultaneous measurements using three methods were done. Correlation between results of these methods were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and κ coefficient. Comprehensive clinical examinations were conducted with ethical approval. Results: Participants’ mean scores for FTSST-M, FTSST-P, and FTSST-H were 2.43±1.20, 2.43±1.29, and 2.37±1.31, respectively. Correlations of the times and corresponding scores between FTSST-P and FTSST-M, as well as FTSST-H and FTSST-M, exceeded 0.9 (ICC and κ coefficients, p<0.001). Using an FTSST score of 3 or less to indicate vulnerability, the κ value for vulnerability classification between two measurements was 0.886 (p<0.001). Conclusion This study showed strong correlation between FTSST results using smart insoles and marker-less motion capture, compared to conventional methods. These findings highlight the potential of these technologies for precise FTSST measurements, offering convenience and cost-effectiveness. Simultaneous use of these devices enables diverse analyses, enhancing our understanding of frailty.

Background: Limited data are available on the adverse effects of new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) in solid organ transplantation (TPL) other than kidney. This study aimed to identify the risk of complications associated with NODAT in recipients of kidney, liver, or heart TPL. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, recipients of kidney, liver, or heart TPL between 2009 and 2015 were identified. The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and malignancy was compared across groups with NODAT, pretransplant diabetes mellitus (DM), and without DM using Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 9,632 kidney, liver, or heart TPL recipients were included. During the median follow-up of 5.9 years, NODAT independently increased the incidence of CAD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39 to 4.30) and overall mortality (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.95) compared to the reference group even after adjustment for confounders; this was more prominent in kidney TPL than in liver TPL. The risk of CVA was significantly increased by pretransplant DM but not by NODAT in both kidney and liver TPL (HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.68 to 3.65; and HR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.07 to 9.48, respectively). NODAT increased the risk of malignancy in the crude model, which lost its statistical significance after confounder adjustment. Conclusion NODAT independently increases the risk of CAD and mortality after TPL, which is more evident in kidney recipients. There was no additional increased risk of CVA or malignancy with NODAT in solid organ TPL.

Purpose: Pancreas transplantation (PT) is a definitive treatment for diabetes mellitus (DM), restoring endogenous insulin secretion and improving glycemic control. Despite its efficacy, PT is less common in South Korea compared to Western nations. This study aims to report the clinical outcomes of PT over 2 decades at a single center, focusing on surgical techniques, complications, and graft survival. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 69 PT recipients at Seoul National University Hospital between January 2002 and December 2023 was conducted. Data on recipient and donor demographics, surgical details, immunosuppressive regimens, and graft outcomes were collected. Graft survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, with subgroup comparisons using the log-rank test. Graft failure was defined as graft removal, PT re-registration, insulin dependence exceeding 0.5 units/kg/day for more than 90 days, or patient death. Results: Among the 69 recipients, 50 (72.5%) had type 1 DM, and 18 (26.1%) had type 2 DM. Simultaneous pancreaskidney (SPK) transplantations comprised 84.1% (n = 58), and pancreas-after-kidney (PAK) transplantations accounted for 10.1%. The 1-year and 5-year death-censored pancreas graft survival rates were 92.7% and 89.6%, respectively, with no significant difference between SPK and PAK (P = 0.330). Graft failure occurred in 10 patients, primarily due to pancreatitis and rejection. Donor-related factors, particularly anoxic brain injury, were significantly associated with lower graft survival (P = 0.045). Conclusion PT outcomes in this cohort align with international standards, emphasizing the importance of donor selection and tailored immunosuppression. Expanding PT indications to include selective type 2 DM patients could benefit South Korea’s PT programs with adequate resource allocation.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate a new method for the five times sit to stand test (FTSST), crucial for addressing frailty in an aging population. It utilizes a smart insole for plantar pressure analysis and a marker-less motion capture device for head height analysis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five participants aged 50 years or older underwent FTSST assessment using three methods: manual measurement with a stopwatch (FTSST-M), plantar pressure analysis with smart insoles (FTSST-P), and head height analysis with a marker-less motion capture device (FTSST-H). Simultaneous measurements using three methods were done. Correlation between results of these methods were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and κ coefficient. Comprehensive clinical examinations were conducted with ethical approval. Results: Participants’ mean scores for FTSST-M, FTSST-P, and FTSST-H were 2.43±1.20, 2.43±1.29, and 2.37±1.31, respectively. Correlations of the times and corresponding scores between FTSST-P and FTSST-M, as well as FTSST-H and FTSST-M, exceeded 0.9 (ICC and κ coefficients, p<0.001). Using an FTSST score of 3 or less to indicate vulnerability, the κ value for vulnerability classification between two measurements was 0.886 (p<0.001). Conclusion This study showed strong correlation between FTSST results using smart insoles and marker-less motion capture, compared to conventional methods. These findings highlight the potential of these technologies for precise FTSST measurements, offering convenience and cost-effectiveness. Simultaneous use of these devices enables diverse analyses, enhancing our understanding of frailty.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate a new method for the five times sit to stand test (FTSST), crucial for addressing frailty in an aging population. It utilizes a smart insole for plantar pressure analysis and a marker-less motion capture device for head height analysis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five participants aged 50 years or older underwent FTSST assessment using three methods: manual measurement with a stopwatch (FTSST-M), plantar pressure analysis with smart insoles (FTSST-P), and head height analysis with a marker-less motion capture device (FTSST-H). Simultaneous measurements using three methods were done. Correlation between results of these methods were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and κ coefficient. Comprehensive clinical examinations were conducted with ethical approval. Results: Participants’ mean scores for FTSST-M, FTSST-P, and FTSST-H were 2.43±1.20, 2.43±1.29, and 2.37±1.31, respectively. Correlations of the times and corresponding scores between FTSST-P and FTSST-M, as well as FTSST-H and FTSST-M, exceeded 0.9 (ICC and κ coefficients, p<0.001). Using an FTSST score of 3 or less to indicate vulnerability, the κ value for vulnerability classification between two measurements was 0.886 (p<0.001). Conclusion This study showed strong correlation between FTSST results using smart insoles and marker-less motion capture, compared to conventional methods. These findings highlight the potential of these technologies for precise FTSST measurements, offering convenience and cost-effectiveness. Simultaneous use of these devices enables diverse analyses, enhancing our understanding of frailty.

Background: Limited data are available on the adverse effects of new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) in solid organ transplantation (TPL) other than kidney. This study aimed to identify the risk of complications associated with NODAT in recipients of kidney, liver, or heart TPL. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, recipients of kidney, liver, or heart TPL between 2009 and 2015 were identified. The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and malignancy was compared across groups with NODAT, pretransplant diabetes mellitus (DM), and without DM using Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 9,632 kidney, liver, or heart TPL recipients were included. During the median follow-up of 5.9 years, NODAT independently increased the incidence of CAD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39 to 4.30) and overall mortality (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.95) compared to the reference group even after adjustment for confounders; this was more prominent in kidney TPL than in liver TPL. The risk of CVA was significantly increased by pretransplant DM but not by NODAT in both kidney and liver TPL (HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.68 to 3.65; and HR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.07 to 9.48, respectively). NODAT increased the risk of malignancy in the crude model, which lost its statistical significance after confounder adjustment. Conclusion NODAT independently increases the risk of CAD and mortality after TPL, which is more evident in kidney recipients. There was no additional increased risk of CVA or malignancy with NODAT in solid organ TPL.

Purpose: Pancreas transplantation (PT) is a definitive treatment for diabetes mellitus (DM), restoring endogenous insulin secretion and improving glycemic control. Despite its efficacy, PT is less common in South Korea compared to Western nations. This study aims to report the clinical outcomes of PT over 2 decades at a single center, focusing on surgical techniques, complications, and graft survival. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 69 PT recipients at Seoul National University Hospital between January 2002 and December 2023 was conducted. Data on recipient and donor demographics, surgical details, immunosuppressive regimens, and graft outcomes were collected. Graft survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, with subgroup comparisons using the log-rank test. Graft failure was defined as graft removal, PT re-registration, insulin dependence exceeding 0.5 units/kg/day for more than 90 days, or patient death. Results: Among the 69 recipients, 50 (72.5%) had type 1 DM, and 18 (26.1%) had type 2 DM. Simultaneous pancreaskidney (SPK) transplantations comprised 84.1% (n = 58), and pancreas-after-kidney (PAK) transplantations accounted for 10.1%. The 1-year and 5-year death-censored pancreas graft survival rates were 92.7% and 89.6%, respectively, with no significant difference between SPK and PAK (P = 0.330). Graft failure occurred in 10 patients, primarily due to pancreatitis and rejection. Donor-related factors, particularly anoxic brain injury, were significantly associated with lower graft survival (P = 0.045). Conclusion PT outcomes in this cohort align with international standards, emphasizing the importance of donor selection and tailored immunosuppression. Expanding PT indications to include selective type 2 DM patients could benefit South Korea’s PT programs with adequate resource allocation.

Background: Limited data are available on the adverse effects of new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) in solid organ transplantation (TPL) other than kidney. This study aimed to identify the risk of complications associated with NODAT in recipients of kidney, liver, or heart TPL. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, recipients of kidney, liver, or heart TPL between 2009 and 2015 were identified. The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and malignancy was compared across groups with NODAT, pretransplant diabetes mellitus (DM), and without DM using Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 9,632 kidney, liver, or heart TPL recipients were included. During the median follow-up of 5.9 years, NODAT independently increased the incidence of CAD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39 to 4.30) and overall mortality (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.95) compared to the reference group even after adjustment for confounders; this was more prominent in kidney TPL than in liver TPL. The risk of CVA was significantly increased by pretransplant DM but not by NODAT in both kidney and liver TPL (HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.68 to 3.65; and HR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.07 to 9.48, respectively). NODAT increased the risk of malignancy in the crude model, which lost its statistical significance after confounder adjustment. Conclusion NODAT independently increases the risk of CAD and mortality after TPL, which is more evident in kidney recipients. There was no additional increased risk of CVA or malignancy with NODAT in solid organ TPL.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate a new method for the five times sit to stand test (FTSST), crucial for addressing frailty in an aging population. It utilizes a smart insole for plantar pressure analysis and a marker-less motion capture device for head height analysis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five participants aged 50 years or older underwent FTSST assessment using three methods: manual measurement with a stopwatch (FTSST-M), plantar pressure analysis with smart insoles (FTSST-P), and head height analysis with a marker-less motion capture device (FTSST-H). Simultaneous measurements using three methods were done. Correlation between results of these methods were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and κ coefficient. Comprehensive clinical examinations were conducted with ethical approval. Results: Participants’ mean scores for FTSST-M, FTSST-P, and FTSST-H were 2.43±1.20, 2.43±1.29, and 2.37±1.31, respectively. Correlations of the times and corresponding scores between FTSST-P and FTSST-M, as well as FTSST-H and FTSST-M, exceeded 0.9 (ICC and κ coefficients, p<0.001). Using an FTSST score of 3 or less to indicate vulnerability, the κ value for vulnerability classification between two measurements was 0.886 (p<0.001). Conclusion This study showed strong correlation between FTSST results using smart insoles and marker-less motion capture, compared to conventional methods. These findings highlight the potential of these technologies for precise FTSST measurements, offering convenience and cost-effectiveness. Simultaneous use of these devices enables diverse analyses, enhancing our understanding of frailty.

Purpose: Pancreas transplantation (PT) is a definitive treatment for diabetes mellitus (DM), restoring endogenous insulin secretion and improving glycemic control. Despite its efficacy, PT is less common in South Korea compared to Western nations. This study aims to report the clinical outcomes of PT over 2 decades at a single center, focusing on surgical techniques, complications, and graft survival. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 69 PT recipients at Seoul National University Hospital between January 2002 and December 2023 was conducted. Data on recipient and donor demographics, surgical details, immunosuppressive regimens, and graft outcomes were collected. Graft survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, with subgroup comparisons using the log-rank test. Graft failure was defined as graft removal, PT re-registration, insulin dependence exceeding 0.5 units/kg/day for more than 90 days, or patient death. Results: Among the 69 recipients, 50 (72.5%) had type 1 DM, and 18 (26.1%) had type 2 DM. Simultaneous pancreaskidney (SPK) transplantations comprised 84.1% (n = 58), and pancreas-after-kidney (PAK) transplantations accounted for 10.1%. The 1-year and 5-year death-censored pancreas graft survival rates were 92.7% and 89.6%, respectively, with no significant difference between SPK and PAK (P = 0.330). Graft failure occurred in 10 patients, primarily due to pancreatitis and rejection. Donor-related factors, particularly anoxic brain injury, were significantly associated with lower graft survival (P = 0.045). Conclusion PT outcomes in this cohort align with international standards, emphasizing the importance of donor selection and tailored immunosuppression. Expanding PT indications to include selective type 2 DM patients could benefit South Korea’s PT programs with adequate resource allocation.