ObjectiveTo systematically review the effects of short-foot exercise on adult flatfoot. MethodsArticles related to short-foot exercise for flatfoot were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang Data and CBM, from January, 2010 to December, 2022. The methodological quality was evaluated with the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, and the relevant data were extracted. ResultsTen randomized controlled trials were included, involved 335 individuals. The mean score of the PEDro scale was 7.1. Short-foot exercise improved the navicular drop, posture index score, balance and cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle for patients with flatfoot, but plantar pressure. ConclusionShort-foot exercise can improve the foot structure, balance and adductor hallucis muscle in adult flatfoot, but plantar pressure.

ObjectiveTo compare the effect of three kinds of intrinsic foot muscle exercise on flatfoot. MethodsFrom September to November, 2022, 45 subjects with flatfoot from Capital University of Physical Education and Sports were randomly divided into short foot exercise (SFE) group (n = 15), toe-spread-out exercise (TSOE) group (n = 15) and short foot & toe-spread-out exercise (SF+TSOE) group (n = 15), who received SFE, TSOE and SF+TSOE, respectively, for eight weeks. The cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle, navicular drop test (NDT) and Chippaux-Smirak index (CSI) were measured before treatment, four weeks after treatment and eight weeks after treatment. ResultsThree subjects dropped out in each group. The main effect of time was significant for left and right cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle, NDT and CSI (F > 13.906, P < 0.001). The main effect of group was not significant for left and right cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle, NDT and CSI (F < 1.934, P > 0.05). The interaction effect of group and time was significant for left and right NDT (F > 3.044，P < 0.05), and it was better in SF+TSOE group than in SFE group and TSOE group (P < 0.05). ConclusionSF and TSOE can improve the cross-sectional area of abductor hallucis muscle and foot morphology in subjects with flatfoot, and the combination of them may be more effective.

BACKGROUND:Surface modification of titanium surface to improve its biological activity is the research hotspot. Strontium-doped coating is considered to be an effective approach to promote the implant osseointegration. OBJECTIVE:To introduce the research progress of strontium-modified biomedical titanium al oys.METHODS:Articles related to the medical titanium al oys modified with strontium published from January 2000 to April 2016 were retrieved from CNKI and PubMed databases. The keywords were“titanium (Ti), strontium (Sr), bone, osteogenic”in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Titanium al oys have been widely used in bone implantation because of their good biocompatibility and similar elasticity modulus with human bones. However, pure titanium al oys have poor bioactivity which leads to weak bone-implant contact. Surface modification is a good approach to enhance implant osseointegration. Sr-doped surface treatment can promote new bone formation and osseointegration. Most of the studies about Sr-doped modification are ongoing at the extracorporeal and animal experiment stage;therefore, further investigation is required to seek rapid, stable, available, safe and effective methods.

BACKGROUND:Titanium alloy, a commonly used bone biomaterial, holds good biocompatibility and proper mechanical properties, but without osteointegration ability. Surface bioactive coating of titanium alloy can overcome such problems. OBJECTIVE:To review the application progress of surface bioactive coating on titanium alloys, and to explore the mechanism underlying its osteogenic induction. METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for literatures concerning surface bioactive coating on titanium alloys published from January 2000 to March 2016, using the keywords oftitanium, titanium alloys, coating, surface modification, bonein English and Chinese, respectively. Through preliminary analysis, 42 eligible articles were selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surface modification method has undergone the transition from surface roughening, oxidation, acidification treatment to the most widely used biomimetic coating technology. The surface biomimetic coatings of titanium alloys mainly include hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, zeolite, which have been developed from a single coating to the composite coatings and gradient coatings. What's more, the bioactive factor or/and metal ions in the coating can improve the osteointegration of surface coating. Surface modification for titanium alloys is a complex process, during which, both the osteogenesis ability and the bonding strength between the coating and its substrate cannot be ignored. Improving the fabrication method of existing coatings and exploring new materials of biomimetic coatings are critical to achieve a high-quality surface coating modification.

Objective To explore the correlation between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and perioperative myocardial injury (PMI),and to discuss the predictive value of Lp-PLA2 in patients with stable angina after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods A total of 222 consecutive patients with stable angina,who were admitted to Yixing Municipal People's Hospital,Jiangsu Province,China to receive PCI during the period from June 2015 to March 2017,were enrolled in this study.The patients' baseline data as well as the distribution pattern of coronary lesions,were recorded.According to the paclitaxel-PCI and the surgical cooperative study (SYNTAX) score,the severity of target vascular lesions was assessed,which was classified into low score group (0 to 22 points),middle score group (23 to 32 points) and high score group (≥33 points).The preoperative blood lipid level and renal function,both preoperative and postoperative Troponin T (cTnT),high sensitive C reactive protein(hs-CRP),as well as the postoperative Lp-PLA2 were tested.Results After the procedure,the Lp-PLA2 levels in patients with normal cTnT value (n=155) and in patients with elevated cTnT value (n=67) were(122.21±43.80) ng/ml and (224.53±65.00) ng/ml respectively (P＜0.05).SYNTAX score analysis showed that low score group had 120 patients,middle score group had 78 patients and high score group had 24 patients,the Lp-PLA2 levels of the above three groups were (119.51±51.96) ng/ml,(178.67±61.49) ng/ml and (233.16±61.32) ng/ml respectively,the differences were statistically significant between each other among the three groups (P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis indicated that a parallel correlation existed between Lp-PLA2 levels and postoperative cTnT values (R=0.492,P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that Lp-PLA2 was the independent risk factor for elevated cTnT value during the perioperative period of PCI (OR=7.377,95％CI=3.368-16.156,P＜0.05).The area under ROC curve of Lp-PLA2 was 0.896 (95％CI=0.874-0.945,P＜0.001),the best cut-off point was 179 ng/ml,and the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of PMI were 92.2％ and 66.7％,respectively.Conclusion Lp-PLA2 levels are closely correlated with the increased cTnT values after PCI,and the preoperative high level of Lp-PLA2 is the independent risk factor for PMI after PCI.

BACKGROUND: Porosity has been proven to improve the stability of orthopedic implants, and the architecture of pores is considered as a significant factor to improve the osseointegration of implants. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the research advance in porous architecture. METHODS: WOS database was searched for the articles addressing the porous structure of the implants published from January 2000 to April 2016 using the keywords of scaffold, pore size, porosity, osteogenesis. The literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The stability of traditional implants cannot meet the requirements in some specific circumstances, while the implants with porosity can improve the stability due to its osteogenesis ability. (2) Porous structure is a hotspot, and the osseointegration of porous implants in vivo is explored through series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. (3) It has been shown that higher porosity, proper pore size, microporous morphology and microstructure of the pore wall may contribute to the growth and differentiation of bone tissue under enough mechanical support. (4) However, most studies on the porous implants are still on the in vivo and animal experimental stage, and its promoting effects on the osteogenesis and bone in-growth are needed to be investigated in depth.

[Objective] To study the in-vitro biological activity of albiflorin R1 (AR1), a new monoterpene glycoside from Paeonia lactiflora,in counteracting cell proliferation. [Methods] Two kinds of human cancer cell strains (HeLa cells and K562 cells) and J774 macrophage cell strain were cultured in vitro to observe the effects of albiflorin Rl on cell proliferation. [Results] Albiflorin Rl could markedly inhibit the proliferation of J774 macrophages and also inhibit the proliferation of HeLa and K562 cell stains in vitro. [Conclusion] Albiflorin Rl may have an anti-neoplastic, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity.

Different varieties of Terminalia chebula Retz. were identified by DNA finger prints, andat the same time, some problems encountered during the application of RAPD for the identification ofTCM were studied. The polymorphic features of DNA finger prints of different species were compared.Results of the study showed that they were differently related in heredity which can provide a basis for thedifferentiation of one species from the other. Means for the solution of problems arised during RAPD ap-plication were suggested. It was concluded that RAPD is an effective method to identify T. chebula from itsconfusable varieties.

[Objective] To explore the methods of avoiding hemolysis in preparing serum complements of guinea pigs. [Methods] In method 1, the serum of 8 guinea pigs was fixed first and then sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were added to the mixed serum for absorption. In method 2, SRBC was added to the serum of 8 guinea pigs respectively for absorption first and then the serum containing SRBC was mixed. After the experiment, macroscopic examination was carried out to observe the hemolysis and the optical density of the two kinds of mixture was detected at the wavelength of 540 nm. [ Results] In the serum complements of guinea pigs prepared by method 1, macroscopic hemolysis occurred; in the serum complements prepared by method 2, macroscopic hemolysis was not obvious and the optical density of the mixture was lower than that by method 1 ( P

【Objective】The effect of sinomenine on human cyclo-oxygenase(COX) and interleukin-1?(IL-1?) was observed to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of sinomenine.【Methods】Peripheral blood monocytes(PBMC) were isolated and incubated with sinomenine.After incubation,total RNA from PBMC was extracted and the effect of sinomenine on COX and IL-1? expression with or without the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was observed by the method of semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).【Results】Sinomenine had no effect on COX-1 gene expression,had a slight inhibitory effect on COX-2 gene expression and had a strong inhibitory effect on IL-1? gene expression.【Conclusion】 The anti-inflammatory mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines.