Chemotherapy based on cisplatin or its combination therapy is a common cancer treatment method. However， the non-specific side effects of cisplatin， poor pharmacokinetic properties of small molecule drugs， and susceptibility to drug resistance greatly limit the clinical application of cisplatin as first-line anti-tumor drug. With the development of nanocarrier technology， liposomes have become an ideal carrier for delivering cisplatin drugs due to their excellent properties of targeting， reducing toxicity， and enhancing efficacy. This paper reviews the status of cisplatin liposome both domestically and internationally which have entered clinical trials， including L-NDDP，SPI-077®， Lipoplatin®，LiPlaCis，SLIT and ILC， etc. Currently， only Lipoplatin® and ILC are showing good potential in cancer therapy. Although cisplatin liposome has made some progress in reducing systemic toxicity and improving treatment efficiency in clinical research， there is still potential for further improvement in tumor targeting and reducing side effects. In the future， more low-toxicity and efficient cisplatin liposomes can be developed through formulation technologies such as co-delivery liposome， stimuli-responsive liposome and targeting liposome.

Objective: To identify optimal recommendations for 24 hour movement behaviors in relation to obesity indicators among children and adolescents, so as to provide scientific evidences for targeted obesity prevention strategies. Methods: From April to June 2024, 242 participants (96 children aged 6-11, 146 adolescents aged 12-18) were recruited from two schools(one combined junior and senior high school, one consistent school for 12 years) in Tianjin for performing physical examination. Obesity indicators including body mass index Z scores (BMI Z ), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage (FAT), and fat mass index (FMI) were measured. Measurement of 24 hour movement behaviors using an accelerometer, comprised moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep (SLP). The optimal movement duration and interval for children and adolescents were determined through optimal time zone analysis. Results: Significant associations were found between 24 hour movement behaviors and BMI Z ( F =2.35) and WHR ( F =3.55) in children, as well as BMI Z ( F = 3.57 ), FAT ( F =2.44), and WHR ( F = 3.61 ) in adolescents (all P <0.05). The results of optimal time zone analysis showed that optimal daily durations were MVPA 63( 40- 70) min, LPA 257(220-270) min, SB 467(390-600) min, SLP 653(590-680) min for children, and MVPA 65(40-70) min, LPA 262(220-270) min, SB 484(440-600) min, SLP 629(510-670) min for adolescents. Conclusion The recommended amount of 24 hour movement for children and adolescents based on obesity indicators could provide reference for informing the development of Chinesespecific guidelines,and promote healthy lifestyles among children and adolescents.

Objective:There are a variety of minimally invasive interventional treatments for trigeminal neuralgia,and the efficacy evaluation is different.The preferred treatment scheme is still controversial.This study aims to investigate the differences in treatment effects between patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia(PTN)treated with percutaneous balloon compression(PBC)for the first intervention and patients with pain recurrence after radiofrequency thermocoagulation(RT)who then received PBC for PTN,and to offer clinicians and patients more scientifically grounded and precise treatment alternatives. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 103 patients with PTN admitted to the Department of Pain Management of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021,including 49 patients who received PBC for the first time(PBC group)and 54 patients who received PBC for pain recurrence after RT(RT+PBC group).General information,preoperative pain score,intraoperative oval foramen morphology,oval foramen area,balloon volume,duration of compression,and postoperative pain scores and pain recurrence at each time point on day 1(T1),day 7(T2),day 14(T3),1 month(T4),3 months(T5),and 1 year(T6)were collected and recorded for both groups.The differences in treatment effect,complications and recurrence between the 2 groups were compared,and the related influencing factors were analyzed. Results:The differences of general information,preoperative pain scores,foramen ovale morphology,foramen ovale area,T1 to T3 pain scores between the 2 groups were not statistically different(all P>0.05).The balloon filling volume in the PBC group was smaller than that in the RT+PBC group,the pain scores at T4 to T6 and pain recurrence were better than those in the RT+PBC group(all P<0.05).Pain recurrence was positively correlated with pain scores of T2 to T6(r=0.306,0.482,0.831,0.876,0.887,respectively;all P<0.01). Conclusion:The choice of PBC for the first intervention in PTN patients is superior to the choice of PBC after pain recurrence after RT treatment in terms of treatment outcome and pain recurrence.

Objective:To assess the effectiveness of a 6-month Ba Duan Jin exercise program in improving the balance of community-dwelling older adults.Methods:A two arms, parallel-group, cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in 1 028 community residents aged 60-80 years in 40 communities in 5 provinces of China. Participants in the intervention group (20 communities, 523 people) received Ba Duan Jin exercise 5 days/week, 1 hour/day for 6 months, and three times of falls prevention health education, and the control group (20 communities, 505 people) received falls prevention health education same as the intervention group. The Berg balance scale (BBS) score was the leading outcome indicator, and the secondary outcome indicators included the length of time of standing on one foot (with eyes open and closed), standing in a tandem stance (with eyes open and closed), the closed circle test, and the timed up to test.Results:A total of 1 028 participants were included in the final analysis, including 731 women (71.11%) and 297 men (28.89%), and the age was (69.87±5.67) years. After the 3-month intervention, compared with the baseline data, the BBS score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group by 3.05 (95% CI: 2.23-3.88) points ( P<0.001). After the 6-month intervention, compared with the baseline data, the BBS score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group by 4.70 (95% CI: 4.03-5.37) points ( P<0.001). Ba Duan Jin showed significant improvement ( P<0.05) in all secondary outcomes after 6 months of exercise in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions:This study showed that Ba Duan Jin exercise can improve balance in community-dwelling older adults aged 60-80. The longer the exercise time, the better the improvement.

Objective·To measure the parameters of the uterine artery,umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery in a rat model of preeclampsia(PE)by Doppler ultrasound,and compare the pathological changes in placental blood vessels and pregnancy outcomes,in order to provide an effective method and reference for evaluating placental function in PE animal models.Methods·PE(n=8)and normal pregnancy(NP,n=8)groups in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rat models were established by intraperitoneal injections of N'-nitro-L-arginine methylesterhydrochloride(L-NAME)and 0.9%sodium chloride solution.Blood pressure and proteinuria indexes were detected to evaluate whether the model was successfully established.On gestational day 19(GD19),Doppler ultrasound was utilized to measure the parameters of the uterine artery,umbilical artery and the fetal middle cerebral artery in both the PE and NP groups.After termination of the pregnancies,placental function was evaluated through the pathology of placental blood vessels and the quality of the fetuses and placentas.Results·In the PE group,both blood pressure(GD15:P=0.001;GD19:P=0.001)and proteinuria(GD15:P=0.001;GD19:P=0.001)were significantly higher than those in the NP group.The pulsatility index(PI)of the umbilical artery and uterine artery was notably elevated in the PE group compared to the NP group(both P=0.000).Furthermore,the resistance index(RI)of the fetal middle cerebral artery was significantly lower than that in the PE group(P=0.000).While the number of fetal rats did not differ significantly,the quality of placental and fetal rats was notably lower in the PE group(P=0.006 and P=0.000,respectively).Immunohistochemical staining of placental tissue revealed that the number of placental micro vessel densities in the PE group was less than that in the NP group(P=0.001).Correlation analysis revealed that placental micro vessel density,fetal quality and placental quality were inversely related with the RI of the umbilical artery and the PI and RI of the uterine artery,and positively correlated with the S/D,PI and RI of the fetal middle cerebral artery(all P<0.05).Conculsion·Doppler ultrasound assessment of the uterine artery,umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery indices in L-NAME-induced PE rat models effectively reflects pregnancy outcomes and placental vascular pathology.This method is valuable for evaluating placental vascular perfusion in PE rat models,offering practicality and convenience for research involving animal models.

OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily verify the effectiveness of self-designed artificial condyle-mandibular distraction (AC-MD) complex in the treatment of Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ hemifacial microsomia (HFM) through model test. METHODS: Five children with Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ HFM who were treated with mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) between December 2016 and December 2021 were selected as the subjects. There were 3 boys and 2 girls wih an average age of 8.4 years (range, 6-10 years). Virtual surgery and model test of AC-MD complex were performed according to preoperative skull CT of children. The model was obtained by three-dimensional (3D) printing according to the children's CT data at a ratio of 1∶1. The occlusal guide plate was designed and 3D printed according to the children's toothpaste model. The results of the model test and the virtual surgery were matched in three dimensions to calculate the error of the residual condyle on the affected side, and the model test was matched with the actual skull CT after MDO to measure and compare the inclination rotation of the mandible, the distance between the condylar of the healthy side and the residual condyle of the affected side, and the lengthening length of the mandible. RESULTS: The error of residual condyle was (1.07±0.78) mm. The inclination rotation of the mandible, the distance between the condylar of the healthy side and the residual condyle of the affected side, and the lengthening length of the mandible after 3D printing model test were significantly larger than those after MDO ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION In the model test, the implantation of AC-MD complex can immediately rotate the mandible to the horizontal position and improve facial symmetry, and the residual condyle segment can be guided close to the articular fossa or the preset pseudoarticular position of the skull base after operation.
Male ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Goldenhar Syndrome/surgery* ; Mandible/surgery* ; Osteogenesis, Distraction/methods* ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Facial Asymmetry/surgery*

Objective:To investigate the influences of morphological characteristics of skull base ovale foramen in the puncture difficulty of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC), surgical efficacy and postoperative complications in patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN).Methods:One hundred and twenty-seven patients with ITN, admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021, were collected. Dyna-CT three-dimensional imaging of the oval foramen at the skull base and PBC treatment were performed on the included patients, and the morphological data of the oval foramen were measured. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) was used to assess pain degrees before and after surgery. The differences of cross-sectional area and exposure Angle, puncture difficulty and time, NRS scores before and after surgery and incidence of complications were compared in patients with ovale foramen at different forms. The correlations of puncture time with puncture difficulty and cross-sectional area of ovale foramen in skull base were analyzed.Results:The foramen ovale in skull base of 127 patients included standard oval shape ( n=82), almond shape ( n=9), narrow and long shape ( n=13), fissure shape ( n=8) and irregular shape ( n=15). Different morphological characteristics of the skull base ovale foramen could lead to significant differences in the difficulty of puncture, exposure angle, cross-sectional area and puncture time ( P<0.05). Puncture time was positively correlated with puncture difficulty and cross-sectional area ( r=0.359, P<0.001; r=0.280, P=0.007). The patients with skull base ovale foramen of different forms showed no significant differences in the differences of NRS scores before and after PBC and occurrence of postoperative complications ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Dyna-CT three-dimensional imaging can visually display the morphological characteristics of the oval foramen at the skull base; this technique can be used to guide the puncture of the oval foramen and effectively evaluate the difficulty of puncture in PBC, but it does not affect the postoperative pain improvement and complication incidences.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has emerged as an intractable cancer with scanty therapeutic regimens. The aberrant activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are reported to be common in CCA patients. However, the underpinning mechanism remains poorly understood. Deubiquitinase (DUB) is regarded as a main orchestrator in maintaining protein homeostasis. Here, we identified Josephin domain-containing protein 2 (JOSD2) as an essential DUB of YAP/TAZ that sustained the protein level through cleavage of polyubiquitin chains in a deubiquitinase activity-dependent manner. The depletion of JOSD2 promoted YAP/TAZ proteasomal degradation and significantly impeded CCA proliferation

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety between neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery and surgery alone in the treatment of resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Literature review was performed from Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CBM, Wanfang Data, CNKI and Chongqing VIP. The randomized controlled clinical trials of concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery versus surgery alone in the treatment of resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were retrieved. The meta-analysis of survival data, R₀ resection rate, incidences of postoperative complications and peritreatment mortality was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: A total of 1450 patients from 11 controlled clinical trials were included in this meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery group had significantly higher 2-and 5-year overall survival rate (RR=1.14, 95%CI: 1.05-1.23, P=0.00) and progression-free survival rate (RR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.05-2.32, P=0.03). R₀ resection rate were also improved in concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery group (RR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.05-1.14, P=0.00). Compared with the surgery alone group, the incidence of arrhythmia in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus surgery group was significantly higher (RR=2.45, 95%CI: 1.37-4.38, P=0.00). However, there was no significant difference in the overall incidence of postoperative complications (RR=1.12, 95%CI: 0.79-1.59, P=0.51) and incidence of peritreatment mortality (RR=1.78, 95%CI: 0.90-3.52, P=0.10) between two groups. Conclusions Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery improves the survival and R₀ resection rate over surgery alone among patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, whereas it does not increase the risk of postoperative complications. Consequently, neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is an optimal treatment for patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety between neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical surgery and definite chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of Ⅰ B2-Ⅱ B cervical cancer.Methods A computerized search was performed in PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CBM,Wanfang Data,CNKI and VIP to collect controlled clinical trials related to neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical surgery versus definite chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of ⅠB2-ⅡB cervical cancer.The meta-analysis of survival data and adverse events was performed by Review Manager 5.3 software.Results Nine controlled clinical trials involving 3 914 patients were included in this meta-analysis.There were no significant differences in overall survival (HR =0.83,P =0.31) and progression-free survival (HR=O.85,P=0.57) between two groups.Compared with patients receiving definite chemoradiotherapy,those in the neoadjuvant therapy group had a significantly lower risk of irradiation enteritis (RR=0.27,P=0.03),whereas no significant difference was observed in the risk of irradiation cystitis (RR=0.30,P=0.34) and grade ≥ 3 neutropenia (RR=0.77,P=0.46) between two groups.Conclusion In the treatment of locally advanced ⅠB2-Ⅱ B cervical cancer,two modalities show similar survival benefits.Although the neoadjuvant therapy group yields a lower incidence of irradiation enteritis,the incidence rates of irradiation cystitis and grade ≥3 neutropenia do not significantly differ between two groups.Neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical surgery is not superior to the standard therapeutic regime.