Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of stereotactic surgery in patients with refractory mental disorders.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; clinical data, postoperative complications and medication intake of 149 patients with refractory mental disorders accepted stereotactic surgery in Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital, Wuhan University from August 2019 to December 2023 were collected. Outcomes were assessed at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery by Clinical Global Impression-Global Improvement (CGI-GI). Before and 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery, severities were assessed by Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness (CGI-SI); cognition was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); positive and negative symptoms were evaluated by Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS); psychotic symptoms were evaluated by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90); obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and manic symptoms were assessed by Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Scale (Y-BOCS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), respectively; social functioning and quality of survival were evaluated by Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref Form (WHOQOL-BREF).Results:(1) Increased sleep was noted in 47 patients and fatigue in 38 patients within 1 week after surgery. Behavioral laziness and emotional apathy were still presented at 1 month after surgery in 6 patients, and complications disappeared in the rest patients. Mildly reduced initiative was presented at 12 months after surgery in 5 patients. (2) CGI-GI indicated that 149 patients were followed up 1 month after surgery with an overall efficiency of 85.90%; 135 patients were followed up at 6 months after surgery with an overall efficiency of 83.21%, 106 patients were followed up at 12 months after surgery with an overall efficiency of 79.24%, and 63 patients were followed up at 24 months after surgery with an overall efficiency of 80.95%. (3) Compared with those before surgery, significantly lower BPRS scores, significantly lower PANSS positive, negative, and overall scores, statistically lower BAI, BDI-II, YMRS, and MOAS scores, significantly lower Y-BOCS obsessional thinking, compulsive behavior and total scores, significantly higher WHOQOL-BREF (physical and psychological domains) scores, and significantly lower SDSS and SCL-90 scores were noted in patients at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery ( P<0.05). (4) At 12 months after surgery, withdrawal drug was noted in 13 patients, reduced drug in 38, same dose in 52, and increased drug in 2 patients. Conclusion:Stereotactic surgery can obviously improve obsession, anxiety, depression, mania and aggression, and modify social functioning and quality of survival in patients with refractory mental disorders, enjoying good safety.

In response to the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance， Innovation， and Development of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） and the spirit of the National Conference on TCM， Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine organized experts in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of traditional Chinese and western medicine to discuss the clinical advantages of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis （AR） and they reached a basic consensus. In recent years， the prevalence of AR has been on the rise， threatening the quality of life of patients and giving rise to a heavy burden to both the patients and the society. AR is resulted from immune imbalance rather than reduced immunity or hyperimmunity， and the imbalance is similar to the Yin-yang disharmony in TCM. In the treatment of this disease， western medicine features rapid onset. However， it is cost-intensive and causes severe surgical trauma， and the recurrence is common. TCM boasts diverse methods for AR， which can be used in all stages of this disease. It has advantages in controlling symptoms such as nasal congestion， runny nose， or dysosmia in the attack stage， preventing recurrence in the remission stage， and treating refractory AR or steroid-resistant AR. In particular， acupuncture enjoys a reputation in treatment of AR， which has been supported by evidence-based medicine and recommended by guidelines. While treating local symptoms of AR， TCM regulates the psychosomatic conditions， which facilitates chronic disease management and long-term follow-up. We should integrate the advantages of TCM and western medicine， give full play to the unique nonnegligible and irreplaceable advantages of TCM， formulate a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment scheme for learning and promotion， and summarize the research outcomes to promote the theoretical innovation of TCM on AR from the perspective of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

Background: At the therapeutic doses, diclofenac sodium (DFS) has few toxic side effects on mammals. On the other hand, DFS exhibits potent toxicity against birds and the mechanisms remain ambiguous. Objectives: This paper was designed to probe the toxicity of DFS exposure on the hepatic proteome of broiler chickens. Methods: Twenty 30-day-old broiler chickens were randomized evenly into two groups (n = 10).DFS was administered orally at 10 mg/kg body weight in group A, while the chickens in group B were perfused with saline as a control. Histopathological observations, serum biochemical examinations, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed to assess the liver injury induced by DFS. Proteomics analysis of the liver samples was conducted using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technology. Results: Ultimately, 201 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained, of which 47 were up regulated, and 154 were down regulated. The Gene Ontology classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis were conducted to screen target DEPs associated with DFS hepatotoxicity. The regulatory relationships between DEPs and signaling pathways were embodied via a protein-protein interaction network. The results showed that the DEPs enriched in multiple pathways, which might be related to the hepatotoxicity of DFS, were “protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum,” “retinol metabolism,” and “glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism.” Conclusions The hepatotoxicity of DFS on broiler chickens might be achieved by inducing the apoptosis of hepatocytes and affecting the metabolism of retinol and purine. The present study could provide molecular insights into the hepatotoxicity of DFS on broiler chickens.

Objective To compare the treatment efficacy and improvement of relevant indexes between electroacupuncture and biofeedback therapy in treating spastic pelvic floor syndrome (SPFS).Method Fifty SPFS patients were randomized into an electroacupuncture group and a biofeedback group by their visiting sequence, 25 cases each. In the electroacupuncture group, Baliao [Shangliao (BL31), Ciliao (BL32), Zhongliao (BL33), and Xialiao (BL34)], Zhigou (TE6), Dachangshu (BL25), Shangjuxu (ST37), Xiajuxu (ST39) and Tianshu (ST25) were selected and connected to HANS electroacupuncture apparatus, at 2 Hz and withinthe tolerable intensity, 30 min for each session. The treatment was given once every day, 6 sessions as a treatment course, with 1-day interval between two courses, for 4 courses in total. The biofeedback group was intervened by biofeedback therapy under doctor's guidance to correct the wrong defecation behavior. The treatment was given once every other day, 6 sessions as a treatment course, for 4 weeks in total. At the end of intervention, the therapeutic efficacy was evaluated, the anorectal angulation was measured by defecography (DFG), and the resting and contracting anorectal pressures were determined by anorectal manometry. Result There was no significant difference in comparing the therapeutic efficacy between the electroacupuncture group and biofeedback group(P>0.05). The anorectal angulation and pressure were improved in the two groups(P<0.05), and the improvement in the electroacupuncture group was more significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture can effectively treat SPFS, equivalent to the popularly used biofeedback therapy, while electroacupuncture can produce a more significant effect in improving the anorectal angulation and pressure.

Objective To study the clinical significance of Chirp-ASSR and the characteristics of hearing loss patients by ASSR(auditory steady-state responses) under Chirp stimulation.Methods A total of 136 hearing loss children (5～10 years old) with 272 ears were distributed into four groups based on 500 Hz,1 000 Hz,2 000 Hz and 4 000 Hz auditory threshold arithmetic average:20～dB HL,40～dB HL,60～dB HL,and≥80 dB HL groups.To compare the correlation of the PTA and Chirp-ASSR in different frequencies domain through SPSS statistics 19.0 software,the data were used T-test and Pearson analysis.Results ①The group(≥80 dB HL) achieved a statistically significant higher reaction threshold than pure tone threshold.②The correlation index γ'of PTA and Chirp-ASSR showed a decline along with the hearing loss increase;It increased along with the test frequency,there was a significant difference between 500 Hz and 4 000 Hz(P＜0.05).Conclusion Chirp-ASSR is a frequency-specific electrophysiological test method,it could reflect the truthful listening ability,especially in mild,moderate,and severe hearing loss children.

OBJECTIVETo understood the accuracy of oral fluid-based rapid HIV self-testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) and related factors.

METHODSSurvey was conducted among MSM selected through non-probability sampling to evaluate the quality of their rapid HIV self-testing, and related information was analyzed.

RESULTSThe most MSM were aged 21-30 years (57.0%). Among them, 45.7% had educational level of college or above, 78.5% were unmarried, 59.3% were casual laborers. The overall accuracy rate of oral fluid based self-testing was 95.0%, the handling of"inserting test paper into tube as indicated by arrow on it"had the highest accuracy rate (98.0%), and the handling of"gently upsetting tube for 3 times"had lowest accuracy rate (65.0%); Chi-square analysis showed that educational level, no touch with middle part of test paper, whether reading the instruction carefully, whether understanding the instruction and inserting test paper into tube as indicated by the arrow on it were associated with the accuracy of oral fluid-based rapid HIV self-testing, (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that educational level, no touch with middle part of test paper and understanding instructions were associated with the accuracy of oral fluid-based rapid HIV self-testing.

CONCLUSIONSThe accuracy of oral fluid-based rapid HIV self-testing was high among MSM, the accuracy varied with the educational level of the MSM. Touch with the middle part of test paper or not and understanding the instructions or not might influence the accuracy of the self-testing.

Adult ; Demography ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Saliva ; Self Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the digit ratio of men who have sex with men (MSM), and the relationship between digit ratio and the partner types of MSM.

METHODSParticipants were required from Yunnan Rainbow Sky, a community organization that specialized in HIV testing, intervention and counseling services for MSM between December 2014 and April 2015. Inclusion criteria of MSM as the following: more than 18 years old; men who have had sex with men; HIV test was negative. Exclusion criteria were as this: those who couldn't attend the research due to disability. Eventually, there were 115 MSM participated in the research. According to the nationality, we adopted 1:1 matched case-control study, and we selected 115 men as control group. According to the partner number of MSM, the MSM were divided into two groups. One group was fixed partner and another was multi-partner. We used a questionnaire to collect the demographic characteristics, knowledge about HIV/AIDS, sexual behaviors during nearly 6 months, sexual orientation, the places where looked for sex partners, sex roles, drug use, preventive services etc. Then, the physical measurements were used to measure the length from second to the fifth finger in MSM group and control group. The results were expressed as nD. The chi-square test was used to compare the demographic differences between MSM group and the control group, and the T-test was used to compare the digit ratio between two groups.

RESULTSAmong 115 MSM, there were 26% (30/115) MSM who had a fixed partner, and there were 74% (85/115) MSM who had multi-partner. The mean values of digit ratio of MSM presented a trend as 2D:3D < 2D:4D < 3D:4D < 2D:5D < 4D:5D < 3D:5D. The right 2D:4D and 2D:5D of MSM were 0.957 7 ± 0.048 1 and 1.229 8 ± 0.083 4, and the mean value was significasntly higher than control group (0.941 4 ± 0.038 0 and 1.204 1 ± 0.069 5, t values were 2.84, 2.54 and P values were 0.005, 0.012). The right 2D:4D of the fixed partner group and multi-partner group among MSM were 0.962 2 ± 0.051 0 and 0.956 1 ± 0.047 3, respectively, and the mean values were significantly higher than control group (t values were 2.98, 2.83; P values were 0.027, 0.015).

CONCLUSIONThe proportion of multi-partner MSM was higher, so MSM at a high risk of being HIV infected. Right 2D:4D could be used as a biomarker of the MSM in Kunming, but couldn't reflect the features of MSM whether he has a fixed partner or has several partners.

Case-Control Studies ; China ; Fingers ; anatomy & histology ; HIV Infections ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Risk-Taking ; Sexual Partners ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo analyze the characteristics of risky behaviors among different age groups of HIV positive female sex workers, and to explore the strengthening of their management.

METHODSFrom January to June 2014, 22 814 female sex workers were investigated and tested HIV in 117 sentinel surveillance sites in Yunnan Province, and 181 were confirmed to be HIV antibody positive, who accepted questionnaire surveys. According to the age, the participants were divided into the < 35 years old age group and ≥ 35 years old age group. The demographic characteristics, knowledge about HIV/AIDS and related risk behaviors characteristics of the two groups were obtained via questionnaire surveys among 181 HIV positive female sex workers, and in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted from among 12 HIV positive sex workers.

RESULTSHIV antibody positive rate was 0.8% (181), the age of the 181 subjects were (35.83 ± 9.17) years old, 76 cases (42.0%) were < 35 years old, and 105 cases (58.0%) were ≥ 35 years old. The differences of marital status, workplace class, the last work site among two groups were statistically significant (χ(2) = 20.80, 28.32, 7.83; P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.020, respectively). Among 181 HIV, the proportion of AIDS awareness was 95.6% (173); the proportion of drug use among ≥ 35 years old age group was 51.4% (54), which was higher than that in < 35 years old age group (34.2%, 26/76) (χ(2) = 5.30, P = 0.021). 96.7% (175) received condom promotion or HIV counseling and testing in the past year. The proportion of continuing to engage in sexual services over 5 years after HIV infection was 48.5% (51/105) and the proportion of receiving antiretroviral treatment was 69.5% (73/105) in ≥ 35 years old age group, which were higher than those in the < 35 age group (30.2% (23/76), 52.6% (40/76); χ(2) = 12.26, 5.36; P = 0.002, 0.021, respectively). In-depth interviews among 12 HIV positive female sex workers found that regular clients, not consistent use of condoms were the main cause of no condom use. Economic and livelihood factors are important reasons for continuing to engage in sexual services among HIV positive sex workers.

CONCLUSIONHIV positive sex workers still have high risk behaviors including continuing to engage in commercial sexual service and no condom use after knowing their HIV infection status, and the proportion of using drugs in the ≥ 35 years old group was higher than that in < 35 years old group.

Adult ; China ; Condoms ; Female ; HIV Seropositivity ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Risk Factors ; Risk-Taking ; Safe Sex ; Sex Workers ; statistics & numerical data ; Sexual Behavior ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the audiologic characteristics of the children with cleft lip and/or palate. METHOD: Sixty-two children with cleft lip/palate were enrolled in the study. Tympanometry, DPOAE, ABR were tested in all the chidren. RESULT: Regarding the ABR threshold as the diagnostic criteria, 51 (41.13%) ears had hearing loss, mainly moderate. Sixty-three (59.43%) ears had abnormal tympanometry, which meant the disorder function of the middle ear. Twenty-six (56.52%) ears didn't pass the DPOAE. CONCLUSION The proportion of the hearingloss in the children with cleft lip/palate was large. There was a good coherence among the three objective examinations when assess the children with cleft lip/palate.
Audiometry ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Cleft Palate ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Postoperative Period

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of infants middle ear function of children (0-1 year old) with 226 Hz, 1000 Hz tympanometry. METHOD: Tympanometric data using 226 Hz, 1 000 Hz probe tones were gained from 150 children (300 ears) aged 0-1 year old with a GSI tympstar middle ear analyzer. All of them were term birth, divided into 5 groups of 30 patients, the neonatal period (0-28 days), 6 weeks (+/- 3 days), 3 months (+/- 6 d), 6 months (+/- 6 days), 7-12 months. To analyse the middle ear function of children with 226 Hz, 1000 Hz tympanometric data. RESULT: 226 Hz,1000 Hz probe tone tympanometric data were normal for the normal group, which respectively were: 76.7%, 80%, 86.7%, 90%, 93.3%. 226 Hz, 1000 Hz detection tympanometric data were not sound normal to abnormal group, the proportion in each group were: 13.3%, 8.3%, 5.0%, 3.3%, 1.6%. The contradiction between the two groups were divided into two subgroups: 226 Hz normal, 1000 Hz unusual in the proportion of each group were 6.7%, 6.7%, 5.0%, 3.3%, 1.6%; 1000 Hz normal, 226 Hz unusual in the proportion of each group were 5.0%, 5.0%, 3.3%, 3.3%, 3.3%. CONCLUSION The sensitivity and specificity of the 1000 Hz probe tone tympanometry was better.
Acoustic Impedance Tests ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Sensitivity and Specificity