BACKGROUND:LncRNA-TNFRSF13C,an important factor in B cell development and function,is expressed in periodontal tissues of patients with periodontitis,but the specific mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism of lncRNA-TNFRSF13C regulating miR-1246 on hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in periodontal cells. METHODS:Human periodontal ligament cells(hPDLCs)were treated with lipopolysaccharide and divided into group A(hPDLCs cell lines without transfection),group B(hPDLCs cell lines transfected with TNFRSF13C NC-siRNA),group C(hPDLCs cell lines transfected with TNFRSF13C-siRNA),group D(hPDLCs cell line transfected with miR-1246 mimics),group E(hPDLCs cell line transfected with miR-1246 siRNA),group F(hPDLCs cell line transfected with TNFRSF13C-siRNA+miR-1246 mimics),and group G(hPDLCs cell line transfected with TNFRSF13C-siRNA+miR-1246 siRNA).The relative expression of lncRNA-TNFRSF13C and miR-1246 in each group was detected by qRT-PCR.Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect cell viability.Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor proteins was detected by western blot.The correlation between lncRNA-TNFRSF13C and miR-1246 was analyzed by Pearson,and the targeting relationship was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no significant difference in human periodontal ligament cell activity,apoptosis rate and protein indexes between groups A and B(P>0.05).Compared with group B,hPDLCS cell activity in group C was increased,and apoptosis rate and the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor proteins were decreased(P<0.05).Compared with group C,hPDLCS cell activity in group D was decreased,and apoptosis rate and the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor proteins were increased(P<0.05).Compared with group D,the cell activity of group E was increased(P<0.05).The cell activity in group F was lower than that in group E,and the apoptosis rate was reduced in both groups E and F(P<0.05).Compared with group F,the cell activity of group G was increased,and the apoptosis rate and the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor were decreased(P<0.05).LncRNA-TNFRSF13C was positively correlated with miR-1246(P<0.05).Compared with the TNFRSF13C-siRNA group,the fluorescence activity of miR-1246-wt in the TNFRSF13C-NC group was reduced(P>0.05);compared with the miR-1246-NC group,the fluorescence activities of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-wt and vascular endothelial growth factor-wt in the miR-1246 mimics group were increased(P<0.05).To conclude,down-regulation of lncRNA-TNFRSF13C can promote the activity of periodontal cells treated with lipopolysaccharide,reduce apoptosis,and inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor.The mechanism is related to the regulation of miR-1246 activity.

BACKGROUND:Spinal cord injury is a neurological disorder caused by traumatic or non-traumatic events,often leading to severe functional impairment below the injured segment.In recent years,neural stem cell transplantation has been considered to have significant therapeutic potential in regulating the inflammatory response after spinal cord injury,inhibiting excessive proliferation of glial scars,and promoting nerve regeneration. OBJECTIVE:To review and discuss the potential mechanism of action of acupuncture and neural stem cell transplantation therapy in inhibiting spinal cord injury-induced secondary injury,and to delve into the scientific basis for its treatment of spinal cord injury. METHODS:PubMed,Elsevier,WanFang,and CNKI databases were searched using"spinal cord injury,acupuncture,neural stem cells,SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis"as Chinese and English search terms.Totally 96 articles were finally included.The research findings of acupuncture combined with neural stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury were summarized and analyzed,and the mechanism of this combination therapy in the treatment of secondary injury after spinal cord injury was summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The stromal-derived factor 1α(SDF-1α)/chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4)axis plays a crucial role in neural stem cell transplantation for spinal cord injury.This signaling mechanism not only affects neural stem cell migration,proliferation,and differentiation,but is also a key factor in determining the efficiency of stem cell homing to the injury site.Therefore,the regulation of targeting this axis is of great significance in enhancing the therapeutic effect of spinal cord injury.(2)Acupuncture,as a traditional Chinese medicine therapy,shows unique advantages in the regulation of secondary injury in spinal cord injury.It can effectively reduce secondary injury after spinal cord injury by regulating inflammatory response,inhibiting apoptosis,improving microcirculation,reducing glial scar formation,and counteracting oxidative stress.(3)Acupuncture was also able to influence the expression and function of the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis,thereby enhancing the homing and survival ability of neural stem cells and promoting nerve regeneration and functional recovery.(4)The therapy combining acupuncture and stem cell transplantation is an innovative treatment strategy for spinal cord injury and suitable for repairing neural circuits.It combines the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine with the advantages of modern biotechnology,providing a new treatment option for spinal cord injury patients.However,this combination therapy is still in the research and exploration stage,and its long-term efficacy and safety need to be further verified.(5)Taken together,acupuncture and neural stem cell transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury has great potential for clinical application,but in-depth research and optimization of treatment options are still needed.In the future,we look forward to further revealing the efficacy mechanism and optimal indications of this therapy through more clinical trials and mechanism studies,so as to bring better hope of recovery and more efficient therapeutic effects to spinal cord injury patients.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease（PD）. MethodsA total of 60 patients with PD were enrolled and randomly assigned to test group or control group， with 30 patients in each group. The control group received levodopa only， starting at 100 mg per dose， three times daily， with gradual increases not exceeding a maximum daily dose of 800 mg. The test group received acupuncture three times per week in addition to levodopa. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Assessments were conducted before treatment， after 6 and 12 weeks treatment， using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale（UPDRS）， Wearing-Off Questionnaire-9（WOQ-9）， Montreal Cognitive Assessment（MoCA）， Mini-Mental State Examination（MMSE）， Depression Rating Scale（DRS）， Hamilton Depression Scale（HAMD）， Hamilton Anxiety Scale（HAMA）， PD Questionnaire-39（PDQ-39）， and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）. Repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to evaluate the effects of time， group， and their interaction on each index. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between combined treatment and outcome scores. Adverse events in both groups were recorded throughout the study. ResultsBoth groups showed significant improvements after 6 and 12 weeks treatment， with decreases in UPDRS total score， WOQ-9 total score， DRS score， HAMD score， HAMA score， PDQ-39 score， and PSQI score， and increases in MoCA and MMSE scores（P＜0.05）. Compared with the control group， the test group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in all the above indicators after 6 and 12 weeks （P＜0.05）. Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant time main effects， group main effects， and their interaction across all outcome measures（P＜0.01）. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that combined therapy was significantly negatively correlated with UPDRS， WOQ-9， DRS， HAMD， HAMA， PDQ-39， and PSQI scores， while positively correlated with MoCA and MMSE scores after 12 weeks of treatment（P＜0.05）. Both groups did not experience any serious adverse events and did not affect treatment. ConclusionAcupuncture combined with levodopa is more effective than levodopa alone in improving motor function， non-motor symptoms， cognitive function， depression and anxiety， quality of life， and sleep quality in patients with PD， with good safety.

Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) is a specific infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis invading the intestinal wall, encompassing two types: primary and secondary. In clinical practice, it is more commonly secondary to extrapulmonary tuberculosis, such as cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. In recent years, the incidence of ITB has shown an increasing trend. Due to its insidious onset and the lack of obvious or specific early symptoms, early diagnosis is challenging, often leading to a prolonged disease course. Therefore, accurate early diagnosis is of great significance for the control and prevention of ITB. Currently, the primary diagnostic methods for tuberculosis include etiological examination, histopathological evaluation, molecular biological diagnosis, and imaging studies. This article summarizes recent advances in the application of these diagnostic techniques for ITB, aiming to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of empagliflozin combined with donafenib or lenvatinib on the pharmacokinetic parameters of each drug， and to provide a reference for combined medication in clinical practice. MethodsA total of 48 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 8 groups： empagliflozin group 1 and 2， donafenib group， lenvatinib group， donafenib pretreatment+empagliflozin group， lenvatinib pretreatment + empagliflozin group， empagliflozin pretreatment+donafenib group， and empagliflozin pretreatment+lenvatinib group， with 6 rats in each group. The doses of empagliflozin， donafenib， and lenvatinib were 2.5 mg/kg， 40 mg/kg， and 1.2 mg/kg， respectively. The rats in the empagliflozin group， donafenib group， and lenvatinib group were given a blank solvent by gavage for 7 consecutive days， followed by a single dose of empagliflozin， donafenib， or lenvatinib on day 7 after the administration of the blank solvent； the rats in the pretreatment groups were given the pretreatment drug by gavage for 7 consecutive days， followed by a single dose of drug combination on day 7 after administration of the pretreatment drug. Blood samples were collected at different time points， and plasma was separated to measure the concentration of each drug. A validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was used to measure the plasma concentrations of donafenib， lenvatinib， and empagliflozin， and a non-compartmental model was used to calculate the main pharmacokinetic parameters of each drug （area under the plasma concentration-time curve ［AUC］， time to peak ［T_max］， peak concentration ［C_max］， and half-life time ［t_1/2］）. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups. ResultsCompared with the empagliflozin group， the donafenib pretreatment+empagliflozin group had significant increases in the AUC_0-t and AUC_0-∞ of empagliflozin （P=0.011 and 0.008）， while the lenvatinib pretreatment+empagliflozin group had no significant change in the AUC of empagliflozin， with a slightly shorter T_max （P=0.019）. Compared with the donafenib group， the empagliflozin pretreatment+donafenib group had significant increases in the AUC_0-t and AUC_0-∞ of donafenib （P=0.027 and 0.025）， as well as a significant increase in C_max （P=0.015） and significant reductions in CLz/F and Vz/F （P=0.005 and 0.004）； compared with the lenvatinib group， the empagliflozin pretreatment+lenvatinib group had a reduction in the t_1/2 of lenvatinib by approximately 5 hours （P=0.002）， with a trend of reduction in AUC_0-t （P0.05）. ConclusionEmpagliflozin combined with donafenib may alter the pharmacokinetic parameters of both drugs， leading to a significant increase in the exposure levels of both drugs， and efficacy and adverse reactions should be monitored during co-administration. There are no significant changes in the exposure levels of empagliflozin and lenvatinib during co-administration.

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) due to variants of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (HNF1β) (MODY5) has not been well studied in the Chinese population. This study aimed to estimate its prevalence and evaluate the application of a clinical screening method (Faguer score) in Chinese early-onset diabetes (EOD) patients. Methods: Among 679 EOD patients clinically diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (age at diagnosis ≤40 years), the exons of HNF1β were sequenced. Functional impact of rare variants was evaluated using a dual-luciferase reporter system. Faguer scores ≥8 prompted multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for large deletions. Pathogenicity of HNF1β variants was assessed following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Results: Two rare HNF1β missense mutations (E105K and G454R) were identified by sequencing in five patients, showing functional impact in vitro. Another patient was found to have a whole-gene deletion by MLPA in 22 patients with the Faguer score above 8. Following ACMG guidelines, six patients carrying pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant were diagnosed with MODY5. The estimated prevalence of MODY5 in Chinese EOD patients was approximately 0.9% or higher. Conclusion MODY5 is not uncommon in China. The Faguer score is helpful in deciding whether to perform MLPA analysis on patients with negative sequencing results.

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) due to variants of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (HNF1β) (MODY5) has not been well studied in the Chinese population. This study aimed to estimate its prevalence and evaluate the application of a clinical screening method (Faguer score) in Chinese early-onset diabetes (EOD) patients. Methods: Among 679 EOD patients clinically diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (age at diagnosis ≤40 years), the exons of HNF1β were sequenced. Functional impact of rare variants was evaluated using a dual-luciferase reporter system. Faguer scores ≥8 prompted multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for large deletions. Pathogenicity of HNF1β variants was assessed following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Results: Two rare HNF1β missense mutations (E105K and G454R) were identified by sequencing in five patients, showing functional impact in vitro. Another patient was found to have a whole-gene deletion by MLPA in 22 patients with the Faguer score above 8. Following ACMG guidelines, six patients carrying pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant were diagnosed with MODY5. The estimated prevalence of MODY5 in Chinese EOD patients was approximately 0.9% or higher. Conclusion MODY5 is not uncommon in China. The Faguer score is helpful in deciding whether to perform MLPA analysis on patients with negative sequencing results.

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) due to variants of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (HNF1β) (MODY5) has not been well studied in the Chinese population. This study aimed to estimate its prevalence and evaluate the application of a clinical screening method (Faguer score) in Chinese early-onset diabetes (EOD) patients. Methods: Among 679 EOD patients clinically diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (age at diagnosis ≤40 years), the exons of HNF1β were sequenced. Functional impact of rare variants was evaluated using a dual-luciferase reporter system. Faguer scores ≥8 prompted multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for large deletions. Pathogenicity of HNF1β variants was assessed following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Results: Two rare HNF1β missense mutations (E105K and G454R) were identified by sequencing in five patients, showing functional impact in vitro. Another patient was found to have a whole-gene deletion by MLPA in 22 patients with the Faguer score above 8. Following ACMG guidelines, six patients carrying pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant were diagnosed with MODY5. The estimated prevalence of MODY5 in Chinese EOD patients was approximately 0.9% or higher. Conclusion MODY5 is not uncommon in China. The Faguer score is helpful in deciding whether to perform MLPA analysis on patients with negative sequencing results.

Objective: To analyze the issuance of Chinese adolescents mental health promotion policies and policy objects, and to explore the use of different object policy tools and the effectiveness of the policy, so as to provide reference for the improvement of the subsequent policy. Methods: Adolescents mental health promotion policies published and policy documents that included adolescents in mental health promotion policies and regulations in China from 2014 to the present were obtained, with the search period of July to August 2024. Policy content and effectiveness were analyzed by using content cross tabulation analysis and Policy Modeling Consistency Index Model (PMC index model). It coded with Nvivo 20 software to understand the types of tools that policy depends on. Results: A total of 41 documents were included. The number of adolescent mental health promotion policy texts rose by year, most of which were issued independently, accounting for 70% of the total number of texts issued; 30% were jointly issued, with the Ministry of Education and the National Health Commission as the core subjects. Supply type policy tools accounted for 47.45 % of the total, while environment type and demand type policy tools accounted for 29.68% and 22.87% respectively; the use of policy tools by different policy targets varies, with families and social organizations using more supply type and demand type policy tools, while the education system and healthcare institutions were more inclined to supply type policy tools, and the government departments were more inclined to supply type policy tools and environment type policy tools. In terms of policy effectiveness, there was a common problem of a lack of incentives and constraints, and the PMC values of two long term planning mental health policies were high (7.76, 7.56), and both reached the excellent level. Conclusions China has paid more attention to adolescents mental health, and the basic guarantees have been established and overall policy effectiveness is good, but the use of policy tools is uneven. There is a need to improve the operational content of medium and long term policies and to strengthen synergies between implementing departments.

Objective: To understand 24 h physical activity levels of children aged 8-9 years in Pudong New Area and to explore its association with metabolic syndrome, so as to provide scientific basis for children s participation in physical activities and reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 13 schools in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. A total of 2 013 primary school students aged 8-9 years old were included as the research subjects. During September 2021 to December 2022, Actigraph GT3X accelerometer, height measuring gauge, electronic sphygmomanometer and waist circumference tape was used to measure physical activity, height, blood pressure and waist circumference, respectively. A total of 5 mL of venous blood was collected from students, and the levels of triglycerides (TG), highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were detected, and online questionnaires were conducted. The ttest and oneway ANOVA were employed to compare the differences in 24 h physical activity levels among children with different characteristics. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the 24 h physical activity levels and metabolic syndrome as well as its components. Results: Among primary school students, the average daily time of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was (34.25±13.49)min, the attainment rate was 1.59%. The average daily sleep (SLP) time was (538.27±28.53) min, attainment rate was 1.89%. The detection rates of metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity (AO), elevated blood pressure (BP), elevated TG, low HDL-C, and elevated FPG were 2.48%, 34.53%, 10.38%, 10.73%, 1.24% and 0.70%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, for every 10minute increase in sedentary behavior (SB) time, the risks of AO, elevated BP, and elevated TG increased by 2% ( OR=1.02, 95%CI =1.01-1.04), 5% ( OR=1.05, 95%CI =1.01-1.08), and 6% ( OR= 1.06, 95%CI =1.02-1.11), respectively ( P <0.05). For every 10minute increase in MVPA time, the risk of metabolic syndrome decreased by 27% ( OR=0.73, 95%CI=0.57-0.93, P <0.05). For every 10 minute increase in SLP time, the risks of AO, elevated BP, and metabolic syndrome decreased by 16% ( OR=0.84, 95%CI =0.80-0.88), 9% ( OR=0.91, 95%CI =0.82- 0.99 ), and 15% ( OR=0.85, 95%CI =0.77-0.94), respectively （P <0.05). Conclusions The time of MVPA and SLP are seriously insufficient among children aged 8-9 years in Pudong New Area. There is an association between physical activity levels and metabolic syndrome as well as its components. Increasing the time of MVPA and SLP is of great significance for maintaining a relatively low risk of metabolic syndrome in children.