【Objective】 To study the annual financial expenditure in blood stations with different scales, and to establish the regression equation between blood collection units and total expenditure. 【Methods】 The annual total expenditure, the per capita cost of serving population, as well as the collection units of whole blood and apheresis platelet of 24 blood stations were collected. The financial expenditure required for collecting 10 000U blood was calculated.The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS statistical software. 【Results】 From 2017 to 2020, the total annual financial expenditure of 24 blood stations showed an upward trend. The total expenditure among blood stations was different. The per capita cost of servicing population in the areas where the 24 blood stations were located had been increasing year by year. The 24 blood stations were divided into two grades according to the blood collection volume as 50 000 U, and the relationship equation between the blood collection volume and the annual total expenditure had been established. After testing, each equation was effective(P<0.05); There was no difference in the financial expenditure required for collecting 10 000U blood among blood stations with different scales. 【Conclusion】 From 2017 to 2020, the blood stations with an annual collection volume more than 50 000 U demonstrated a higher financial expenditure and the per capita cost of serving population than those <50 000 U. The blood collection volume of blood stations is significantly correlated with the annual total expenditure and the per capita cost of serving population.

Objective: To explore the imaging changes of lung lesions in patients with imported COVID-19 patients when reaching the discharge standard. Method: The clinical and CT imaging data of 60 patients with imported COVID-19 cured and discharged from January to February 2020 in Anhui Province were retrospectively collected. The clinical characteristics of the patients and the characteristics of chest CT images at discharge were analyzed. Results: Fever (57 cases) and cough (55 cases) were the main symptoms in 60 patients. At the initial diagnosis, 5 cases were mild, 53 were ordinary, and 2 were severe. In 5 light patients, 3 cases were negative in the whole course of CT examination, 2 cases were negative in the first time and abnormal in the second time. . The first CT imaging features of 55 patients (53 common type and 2 severe type)were mainly bilateral lung involvement (51 cases), multiple lesions (33 cases), more common under the pleura (40 cases), and ground glass opacities were the most common. (55 cases). The clinical features of chest CT in clinical outcomes are that the ground glass shadow in the lung gradually fades and was completely absorbed (19 cases); the scope of ground glass shadow in the lung expanded and progressed to crazy-paving, consolidation shadow, and the lesion gradually absorbs again followed by Fibrous cord shadows (27 cases); ground-glass opacities in the lungs quickly progressed to a consolidation and then slowly absorbed . Most of the lesions were accompanied by more residual fibrous cord shadows (4 cases). In 2 severe patients, the lesions in the lungs were larger ground glass, and a big amount of fibrous foci remained after slowly absorption. Conclusion Chest CT plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of imported COVID-19, and the degree of lung involvement seen on CT images is in good agreement with clinical outcome.

High mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) is a non-histone protein that does not have transcriptional activity by itself, but it changes its structure by binding to chromatin, which in turn regulates the transcription of other genes, thereby promoting tumor invasion and metastasis. The related RNA gene can regulate the role of HMGA2 in tumors, and the invasiveness of tumors is closely related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which can treat the related tumors by targeting HMGA2 gene. This article reviews the progress of the relationship between HMGA2 and tumors.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of preoperative peripheral blood albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) for patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (NMCCRCC).Methods:The clinicopathological and postoperative follow-up data of 61 patients with NMCCRCC confirmed by postoperative pathology who were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University from January 2012 to December 2014 was retrospectively analyzed. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), the optimal cut-off value of AGR was determined. According to the cut-off value, the patients were divided into high AGR group (AGR≥1.59) and low AGR group (AGR<1.59). The factors affecting the prognosis of NMCCRCC patients were analyzed by using univariate and multivariate analyses.Results:Among 61 patients with NMCCRCC, 38 cases (62.3%) were in high AGR group and 23 cases (37.7%) were in low AGR group. The differences in age, globulin level, clinical staging, and recurrence status between the two groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The overall survival time and disease-free survival time in low AGR group were shorter than those in high AGR group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that AGR < 1.59 was the independent influencing factor for overall survival and recurrence ( HR = 0.233, 95% CI 0.073-0.742, P = 0.014; HR = 0.343, 95% CI 0.134-0.873, P = 0.025). Conclusion:Preoperative AGR is valuable in predicting the prognosis of NMCCRCC patients.

Objective:To explore the imaging changes of lung lesions in patients with imported COVID-19 when reaching the discharge standard.Methods:The clinical and CT imaging data of 60 cured patients with imported COVID-19 and discharged from January to February 2020 in Anhui Province were retrospectively collected. At the initial diagnosis, 5 cases were mild, 53 were ordinary, and 2 were severe. The clinical characteristics of the patients and the characteristics of chest CT images at discharge were analyzed.Results:Fever (57 cases) and cough (55 cases) were the main symptoms in 60 patients. In 5 mild patients, 3 cases were negative in the whole course of CT examination, 2 cases were negative in the first time and abnormal in the second time. The first CT imaging features of 55 patients (53 common type and 2 severe type) were mainly bilateral lung involvement (51 cases), multiple lesions (33 cases), more common under the pleura (40 cases), and ground glass opacities were the most common (55 cases). The features of chest CT in clinical outcomes were that the ground glass shadow in the lung gradually faded and was completely absorbed (19 cases); the scope of ground glass shadow in the lung expanded and progressed to crazy-paving, consolidation shadow, and the lesion gradually absorbed again followed by fibrous cord shadows (27 cases); ground-glass opacities in the lungs quickly progressed to a consolidation and then slowly absorbed. Most of the lesions were accompanied by more residual fibrous cord shadows (4 cases). In 2 severe patients, the lesions in the lungs were larger ground glass, and a large amount of fibrous foci remained after slow absorption.Conclusions:Chest CT plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of imported COVID-19, and the degree of lung involvement seen on CT images is in good agreement with clinical outcome.

Objective To assess the efficacy and side effects of intravesical instillation of BCG after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients.Methods The clinical data of patients treated with BCG 120 mg per course induced perfusion or more after TURBT from December 2013 to October 2016 in 18 hospitals of northeast China region,were analyzed retrospectively.The first part,data of 106 patients with moderate,high-risk NMIBC were collected.A total of 83 patients were male,while the other 23 patients were female.The average age was 66.7 years old.The clinical staging were T1 in 86(81.1％) cases,Ta in 20(18.9％) cases and carcinoma in situ in 6 (5.7％) patients.Intravesical instillation of BCG was executed after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor.The incidence rate of recurrence and progression during more than 6 months' follow-up time were observed.Multivariate analyses were done by using logistic analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model with Kaplan-Meier method.The second part,treatment compliance of 276 patients with bladder cancer,including moderate/high-risk NMIBC in 263 cases,moderate/high-risk NMIBC followed with renal pelvis/ureteral carcinoma in 8 cases were and moderate/high-risk NMIBC with renal pelvis/ureteral carcinoma in 5 cases who treated with BCG after the surgeries,were observed.Patients consisted of 211 males and 65 females with average age of 68.3 years.Results With a median follow-up of 12 months,9 (8.5％) patients experienced tumor recurrence and 2 (1.9％) patients were found progression in the first part.The one-year cancer free recurrence rate of the patients was 91.5％.Statistically significant prognostic factors for recurrence identified by multivariable analyses were prior recurrence of the tumors (OR =3.214,95％CI0.804-12.845,P =0.099).In the second port,an incidence rate of adverse effects was 64.1％ (177/276).The Ⅲ/Ⅳ degree complications were occurred in 11 patients and satisfactory outcomes achieved with active treatment.A total of 36 patients withdrawal with the major causes were recurrence and progression of bladder tumor in 12 cases (4.4 ％),9 cases (3.3 ％) with economic reasons and 11 cases (4.0％) with serious complications.Conclusions NMIBC patients treated with intravesical BCG therapy have approving cancer free recurrence rates and acceptable adverse effects.Prior recurrence may be prognostic factor of recurrence after intravesical BCG therapy.

To improve the quality of experimental teaching,investigating the independent design experiments are carrying out in preventive medicine by public health experimental teaching center in our school.We take preventive medicine professional as an example,and besides the classical basis experiments,some experiments are verification project at present,in which students are not strongly interested.On the basis of the integration of the classic experiments,according to the national standard of the experimental method,we are trying to carry out part of the independent design experiments to meet the needs of students learning.The effect of those independent design experiments shows that it is appropriate carrying out independent design experiments on the basis of the existing classical experimental project in preventive medicine experimental teaching,to a certain extent,which will stimulate students' learning interest and enhance their sense of achievement.This study is conducive to the cultivation of medical students' innovation,independent thinking,analysis and problem-solving ability,practical ability and teamwork spirit.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2736340 and rs2618476) inBLK gene with Kawasaki disease (KD) and coronary artery lesion in Chinese Han children.MethodsIn the case-control study, 179 children with KD were selected and 182 healthy check-up children during the same period were selected as normal controls. The genotypes of two SNPs inBLK gene were detected using PCR-RFLP and the data were analyzed. ResultsThere was no difference in distribution of three genotypes (TT, CT, and CC) of SNP rs2736340 between KD group and control group (P=0.093). However, T allele frequency in KD group was signiifcantly higher than that in control group (P=0.021). The distribution of three genotypes (CC, CT, and TT) of SNP rs2618476 between KD group and control group was signiifcantly different (P=0.021). C allele frequency in KD group was signiifcantly higher than that in control group (P=0.006). The two SNPs inBLK gene were not associated with rash, hand-foot edema and coronary artery lesion (CAL), but SNP (rs2618476) was asso-ciated with oral mucosa lesions (P=0.018).ConclusionsThe SNP (rs2736340) inBLK gene was not associated with KD, but the T-allele was associated with KD. The SNP (rs2618476) was associated with KD in Han Chinese, and was also associated with oral mucosa lesions in KD patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the Clinical safety and effectiveness of propofol medium and long chain fat emulsion injection for cesarean section.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted in 88 cesarean section surgeries performed between January, 2014 and June, 2015 with epidural anesthesia in 44 cases (control) and with total anesthesia with propofol/long chain fat emulsion injection in 44 cases (observation group). The maternal mean arterial pressure (MAP), SpO(2), and heart rate and neonatal umbilical dynamic venous blood gas analysis (pH, PO(2), pCO(2)) were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, heart rate and MAP significantly increased at skin incision in the observation group. At the other time points, heart rate, MAP, and SpO(2) were all comparable between the two groups. The time from skin incision to newborn delivery was significantly shorter in observation group (P<0.05), but the time from uterine incision to delivery and neonatal Apgar score were equivalent between the two groups (P>0.05); neonatal umbilical arteriovenous blood pH, PO2, and pCO2 were all comparable between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONPropofol medium and long chain fat emulsion injection for general anesthesia induction in cesarean section is characterized by rapid metabolism of the anesthetics, rapid maternal postoperative recovery, and minimal adverse effects on the fetus, and is therefore safe and reliable in clinical use.

Anesthesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; therapeutic use ; Apgar Score ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Cesarean Section ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Fatty Acids ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetus ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Propofol ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of spironolactone and erythromycin in Com-pound spironolactone gel. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Thermo-Hypersil ODS2-C18 with mobile phase of 0.1 mol/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH was adjusted to 7.0 by triethylamine)-acetonitrile (60∶40,V/V) at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 215 nm and 238 nm,column temperature was 30℃,and injection volume was 5 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.251 6-5.032 μg/ml for spironolactone and 0.577 2-11.544 μg/ml(r=0.999 9) for erythromycin (r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 0.83%;average recoveries were 97.8%(RSD=0.74%,n=9)and 96.7%(RSD=2.60%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,reproducible,ac-curate and reliable,and can be used for the quality control of Compound spironolactone gel.